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dw'd]x, bd, kvfnf, 5f/]/f]u,Uofl:6«s, gk'+;sTj h:tf /f]u/ ;d:ofx?sf] ] pkrf/sfnflu lkknsf] k|of]u ul/G5 .o;sf] kft sdnlkQ / x[bo/f]udf klg pkof]uL x'G5 .slAhotsf] ;d:of ;dfwfgug{df t lkknsf] kftsf] ;]jg/fdjf0f g} dflgG5 . cGoljljw /f]ux?df klg o;sf]pkof]lutf kfOG5 . lkknsf]?vdf em08} ^) lsl;dsf/f;folgs tTjx? kfOG5g\ h'gcf}ifwLo pkof]lutfsf nfludxTjk"0f{ 5g\ . cGt/f{li6«o:t/df g]kfnsf] /fli6«o ?vlrgfpg ljljw ljz]iftfx?/x]sf] …lkknÚ nfO{ 3f]if0ff ug{;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnflgsfon] Wofg lbg 'kg] {b]lvG5 .

n]vs cGt/f{li6«o k|s[lt;+/If0f ;+3 -cfO{=o"=;L=Pg=_g]kfndf sfo{qmd ;+of]hs x'g .

s f ]l / o fd f / x ]s f g ]k fn Ls f ; k g fpQ/k'jL{ Plzofdf /x]sf]

sf]/Lofsf] % xhf/ aif{ nfdf] /;+3if{lzn Oltxf; 5 . o'4sf]v/fgLaf6 $) aif{sf] 5f]6f]cjlwdf rdTsfl/s ljsf;ug{ ;kmn eof] . clxn] ljZjsf]!% cf}+ ljzfn cy{tGqsf] ;fydfPs ljsl;t b]zsf] ?kdf @;o @! ju{ lsnf] ld6/dfkm}lnPssf] 5 eg] $ s/f]8eGbf a9L hg;+Vof /x]sf] 5 ./fi6«ktLo u0ftGqfTds zf;gJoj:yf ePsf] o; b]zdf (j6f k|fGtLo zx/ 5g\ . nF8fOeP/ pQ/ / blIf0f sf]/Lofdfljeflht ePkl5 blIf0fsf]/Lofn] h'/d'/fP/ ljsf;sf]ultdf cuf8L a9]sf] xf] .

logLx?n] u/] sf] ljsf;nfO{xfg gbLsf] rdTsf/ elgG5 .ljz]if ul/ pBf]u / s[lifdfu/]sf] cfw'lgsLs/0f cg'z/0fug{ nfos 5 . oxfFsf] pBf]u/ s[lifdf hgzlQm cefjeP/ !% b]zsf ! nfv ljb];Ldhb'/n] sfd u5{g . /f]huf/cg'dtL k|0ffnL dfkm{t cfpg]o:tf dhb'/sf] sfg'gn] tf]s]adf]lhd :jb]zL gful/s ;/xxs clwsf/ / ;'ljwf 5 .sfdnfO { eujfg dfGg]sf]/Logx?sf] af}4 wd{dfcfwfl/t df}lns ;+:s[lt 5 .

cfhsn eg] cfw'lgstfdfr'n'Dd 8'a]/ klZrdf ;+:s[tLn]9kSs} 9fs]sf] 5 . j}wflgs

g]kfnL sfdbf/ @% xhf/ePsf 5g\ . oxfFsf] ljsf;b]v]/ g]kfndf klg s]lx ug]{hf]z ;j} g]kfnLdf 5 .g]kfnsf] h:t} xfjfkfgL8fF8fsfF8f /xg ;xg ePsf]sf]/Lofdf g]kfnLx? :jb]z kms]{kl5sf ;kgf a'lg/x]sf 5glrtjg ;f}/fxsf efis/sfsL{sf] Joj;flos ufO{ kfNg];f]r 5 sf:sL k'?grf}/sf/fd cfrfo{ afx'g eP/ klga+u'/kfng ug]{ ;kgf 5 To:t}km]jftfn dfyLsf] ufFp xk{gsfe'jg kf}8]nn] df;L{v]tdfuf]ne]8f kmnfpg] /x/ 5 .kf]v/fsf o'j/fh ;'gf/n] ;'gsf]sf/f]jf/ cfw'lgs tl/sfn]

ug]{ of]hgf agfPsf 5g . oxfFsf]h;/L sfddf vl6g] xf] eg]ufFp3/d} ;'g kmnfpg ;lsG5ef]hk'/sf ;ld/ /fO{n] atfP .dlxnfx?n] s[lifsf] ljsf;dfpNn]vgLo sfo{ ug{ ;S5g\ u'NdLsLt'n;f 1jfnLn] s[lif kmf/d vf]Ng];kgf /x]sf] atfOg .

xfn blIf0f sf]l/of

%

x l/ / fd e 0 8 f / L

k |l ; 4 k ~ r f ; ]@)&) sflt{s

ebf}/] tfdfuL uflj;sf] j8f g+= # df lktf 8An' )!!@ /fd k|;fb u'?Ë / dftf ;'s dfof u'?Ësf]sf]vaf6 hGd lnPsf eQm axfb'/ u'?Ësf @ bfh'efO{ / @ lbbL alxgL dWo]sf h]i7 ;'k'q x'g\ . ;g\!($( df hGd]sf u'?Ësf] afNosfn ufpF3/df g} ljt] klg sl a]nfolt ;]gfdf !% jif{sf]pd]/d} elt{ ePsf / #) jif{sf] pd]/d} cfjsf; kfPkl5 s]xL ;do Aofkf/ Jofj;fodf ljtfPsflyP . kl5 ;fdflhs If]qdf g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO{6L, td'lwF, af}4 c3f}+ ;bg, dflj;sf] cflhjg;b:o nufot ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfdf cfj4 /xL ;lqmotf k"j{s sfo{ ubf{ ub}{ lj=;+=@)%$ ;fnsf]:yfgLo lgjf{rgdf uflj; cWoIfdf lgjf{lrt eO{ ljleGg /rgfTds sfo{ ug'{eof] . xfn a]nfotdfa:b} cfPsf u'?Ë u}/ cfjl;o g]kfnLsf] a]nfotdf o"/f]k x]g{] ;]S/]6/Londf ;lqmo 5g\ . pxfFk~rf;] If]q ljsf; ;ldltsf] ;+:yfks cWoIfsf] ?kdf ;d]t sfd u/] . pxfF;Fu o; klqsfsf];Dkfbs lbn axfb'/ e§/fO{;Fu u/]sf] s'/fsfgLsf] d"n c+z M

u '? o f ]h g f n ] 9 f ]s f v f ]N o f ]

ox f F s f ] a f N o sf ns;/L ljTof ] <

ufpF 3/df a'af cfdfsf]s[lif sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpFb}ufpFdf sv/f tyf !, @l;sfpg] lzIfsaf6 c+scIf/ lrg]sf ] / kl5axfb'/] k|f=lj=af6 k|fyldstx;Ddsf] lzIff k"/f u/L!% jif{s} pd]/df pd]/a9fO{ a]nfotL ;]gfdf elt{eO { of ] . vfnL v '§ flx8\g'kg]{, Gofgf] sk8f b]Vgklg kfO{b}gYof] .

t T sfn L g ;do d fufpF3/sf] b}lgsL s:tf]lyof] <

d'Votof v]tLkftL ug]{;Dk"0f{ ufpFaf;L v]tL ug]{,kz'kfng ug]{ uy]{ .

ljsf;sf s'/f ubf{d'Vo s] s] sfdx? x'Gy]ufpF3/df <

cf] xf] clxn]sf] h:tf]sxfF lyof ] / :yfgLoafl;Gbfn ] wd {sf nfluaf6f], kfgL, rf}tf/f agfpg]uy]{ . a}7s e]nf eg]sf]vfnL jif{sf] ! k6s ufpFe ] nf x ' GYo f ] . kfO {k

nfO{gsf] kfgL, ljh'nL, df]6/af6f], kmf]gdf s'/f ug]{ tsNkgf eGbf 6f9fsf s'/flyof] . cfkm"nfO{ geO{ gx'g]s'/f g'g, t]n, d;nf lsGgkf ]v/f cfpg ' kYof ] { .

emf]nfdf rfdn lnP/ cfof],s;}nfO{ ksfO{ lbg eGof]u'Gb|'s eft vfof] . clxn]sf]h:tf] vfgfsf] s] s'/f ug'{,uha nfU5 clxn] t . ;a}ufpFn] ldn]/ aif{sf] !÷@k6s af6f ]3f6f ] ;km fO {ul/GYof] .

:y fgLo lgj f {rgdflgjf{lrt ePkl5 u/]sfd'Vo d'Vo s'/fx? s] s] x'g<

ebf}/] tfdfuL uflj;sf:sLsf] klZrddf kg]{ clt

ljs6 uflj; xf ] .kf]v/faf6 df]6/af6f] gx'Fbf306f}+ nfu]/ k'Ug'kYof] { .ljh'nL, 6]lnkmf]g / df]6/af6f] lyPg . t;y{ ;j{k|ydljh 'nL afNgsf n flu;DalGwt lgsfodf k'lunfut lgsfn]n ljh'nL afNg

hf]8 nufO{of] / s]xL j8fdfljh 'nL aflnof ] . kl5uflj;df lePr Pkm kmf]gnfOg /fv ]/ ;~rf/sf]Aoj:yf ul/of] . dflg;x?ljb]zaf6 cfPsf] kmf]gdf

s'/f ug{ nfO{gdf a:y] .kl5 df]6/ af6f] lgdf{0fsfnf lu lhNnf ljsf;;ldlt;Fu ;dGjo u/L sfF8]ebf}/] / 7"nfv]t tfdfuL ;Ddaf6f] hf]8\g] kxn ul/of] t/:yfgLon] af6f] nfg] nfO{g/ cfkm\gf] hUuf kbf{ u/]sf]

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k~r f; ] If]qs f] ; +/If0f / ljs f;s f n flu

k |l ; 4 k ~ r f ; ]@)&) sflt{s

cj/f]wn] lgs} cK7\of/f]k¥of], ufnL uy]{ t/ hltufx \ f ] eP k lg slRrdf]6/af6f]n] hf]8]kl5 clxn]lgoldt hLk, a; x/]sj8fdf rn]sf]n] ;xh ePsf]5 . ;d'bfo v'l; 5g\ .;fwg r9]/ ahf/ cfpF5g\\,cfkm \gf ] pTkfbg ahf/k'¥ofpF5g\ clg lj/fdL kbf{dflg;nfO{ 8f]sf]df af]Sg' kg]{afWotf x6]sf] 5 . oBlkjiff{ofddf lgoldt uf8LrNb}gg\ . oL af6fx?sf] :t/pGglt ug{ cfjZos 5 .;fy} cFw]/L vf]nf / £o"vf]nfdf kmnfd] emf]n'Ë] k'nsfnflu ;d]t dxTjk"0f{ ;dGjo/ ;xsfo{ u/L lgdf{0ful/of];\ .

lzIff / :jf:Yo tkm{s]xL kxn ug'{eof] ls <

o;sf nflu klg :yfgLolgsfo ;~rfng lgb]{lzsfcg'?k uflj; cWoIfsf]gftfn] a]nfa]nfdf k|To]sljBfno k' Ug ], lzIfs,cleefjs;Fu s'/fsfgL ug]{,ljBfyL {x?nfO{ eljiosf]af/]df ;Demfpg] ugf{n]ljBfnosf ] jftfj/0fdfs]xL ;'wf/ cfPsf] lyof] .cem} dxTjk"0f{ t pgLx?nfO{af6f ] b ]vfpgfn ] s] x LljBfyL {n] t lgs} k|ultu/ ]sf] ;' G5' d . v'zLnfU5 ., :jf:Yosf nflu eg];'wf/ Nofpg vf;} s]xL ePg .a]nfa]nfdf ljBfno Aoj:yfkg;ldlt;Fu /x]/ cGt/lqmof ;d]tul/Psf] lyof] .uflj;sf ] Aoj:yfkgsfaf/]df <

;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ s'/frflx d]/f] sfo{sfnsf] oxL

xf] . nfdf] ;dob]lv s'g}klg sfo{fno ljgf AolQmsf]3/ cfugdf sfof{no /fVg]/ a }7s ;~rfng ug] {ul/GYof] . To;}n] uflj;sf]cfk m \g } sfof {no ejgrflxG5 egL df5fk'R5" ]ljsf; ;F3;Fu ldn]/ ebf}/]tfdfuL uflj;sf] j8f g+= #df # sf]7] sfof{no ;lxta}7s sf]7f ePsf] k|ofKtejg uflj;sf] gfddf hUuf

;d ] t ag fO { sfof {no;~rfngdf NofO{of] . oBlkb]zsf] tTsflng 4Gbsf]sf/0f / df]6/ af6f]n]gh f ] l8Psf ] sf/0fk |efjsf/L ?kdf rNg;s]sf] 5}g .

k~rf;] If]qsf] ;+/If0f /ljsf; af/]df oxfFsf] e"ldsf/ k|of;sf af/]df hfgsf/Lu/fO{lbg' x'G5 ls <

sf:sL, kj{t / :ofËhflhNnfsf] ;+ud :yn k~rf;]wfld{s, P]ltxfl;s, h}ljsljljwtfn] el/k"0f{ :ynePsf] s'/f dxz'; ePkl5

o;sf] ;du| ljsf;sf nflu;j{k |yd # j6} lhNnfljsf; ;ldlt;Fu ;dGjo/ ;xsfo{ ubf{ ub}{ tTsflng;efkltsf ] /fo ;Nnfxcg';f/ o; If]qsf] ;du|ljsf;sf nflu u'?of]hgfag fpg] s'/ f r Nof ] .To;kl5 ! k~rf;] If]qljsf; pkef]Qmf ;ldltu7g ul/of] / k|lwlglwd08n ;d]t sf7df08f}+df

k'lu ljz]if t ko{6g, ;+:s[lttyf gful/s p8\ 8ogdGqfnodf k'lu u'?of]hgfsfnflu ;xof]u ug]{ ;xdltkl5 tf/f ufp F ljsf;;ldlt nufot dflj;sf];xsfo{df u'?of]hgf tof/kfl/of ] . o;n] k~rf;]If]qs]f ljsf; / ;+/If0fsfnflu 9f]sf v'Nof] . xfn;f]xL cg'?k sfo{x? ;/sf/Llgsfo / ljleGg ;xof]uL;+3;+ :yfsf ] ;xsfo {dfeO{/x]sf 5g\ . d ljb]ztkm{ nfu] klg lg/Gt/ ?kdfdf5fk'R5 ] « ljsf; ;F3

nufot :yfgLo ;fyLx?;lq motfk "j { s sfo {ul//xg 'ePsf ] 5 /vfg ]kfg L , a f6f ] 3f6f ] ,wd{zfnf, ko{6g ljsf;nufot ;+/If0fsf y'k| }sfo{x? eO{/x]sf 5g\ .

b ]z ljb ]zd f ;d ]t/x]/ sfd u/]sf] gftfn]s]xL eGg'kg]{ 5 ls <

xfd|f] b]z g]kfn lxdfn,kxf8 / t/fO{ ldn]/ ag]sf]h}ljs ljljwtfn] el/k"0f{;' Gb/ b ]z xf ] . o;sf]hn;Dkbf pkof]u ug{ ;s],ko{6g ljsf; ug{ ;s] b]zl5§} ;d[4 x'g ;S5 . o;sfnflu b]zsf] d"n sfg'g aGgk¥of] / :yfoL ;/sf/n]lb3{sflng gLlt lgdf{0f u/Lof]hgf a4 9+un] sfd ug{;s] eljio pHHjn 5 .

u | fd L 0 f ;~r f/sfaf/]df s]xL s'/f <

;~rf/ clxn]sf] o'usf];a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ s'/f xf] .o;n] ubf { ;+;f/ ;fgf ]ePsf] 5 . xfd|f] b]zdf klgclxn] df]afOn ;]jfn] s]xL;xh ePsf] 5 . cem}u | f dL0f If]qdf o;sf ]k |efjsfl/tf a9fpgcfjZos 5 . ufpF3/dfkqklqsfsf] kx'Fr k'¥ofpg'kg]{5 . o; k~rf;] klqsfh'g g]kfns} klxnf] ufpFaf6lg:sg] klqsf ePsf] 5 .o;n] v]n]sf] e"ldsf k|ltcfef/ k|s6 ub} { o;sfkl/sNkgfsf/ x]d u'?ËnfO{wGojfb lbg rfxfG5' . ;fy}o;sf] cem} yk ljsf;sf]sfdgf ub}{ o; klqsf dfkm{td]/f] ljrf/ /fVg lbg'ePsf]df;d]t wGojfb lbg rfxG5' .

&

k |l ; 4 k ~ r f ; ]@)&) sflt{s

jftfj/0f ;+/If0fsf] cfwf/ M hnfwf/ Aoj:yfkgljZjAof kL ?kdf

jftfa/0fLo ;d:ofx? lbgk|ltlbg hl6n aGb} uPsf5g \ . o:tf ] kl/l:yltn]jftfa/0fLo >f]tx?nfO {k|lts"n c;/ kfb}{ dfgjLohLjg yk si6s/ agfpFb}uPsf] 5 . si6s/ hLjgnfO{lg/fs/0f ug{sf nflu plrtPj + kf /bzL { t l/sfn ]jftfj/0fLo >f]tx?nfO {of]hgfa4 z}nLdf kl/rfngug'{kb {5 . o:tf of ]hgfx?th ' {df ub{ } hf Fb f plrtlsl;dsf gLlt, sfo{gLlt tyf/0 fg Ll t1x?nfO { ;d ]tcfTd;fy ul/g'kb{5 . o:tfof]hgfx? lgdf{0f ug]{ sfo{qmdJolQmb]lv ;dfh, ;d'bfo,wfld{s ;+3;+:yf, gful/s;dfh, u}/-;/sf/L lgsfotyf ;/sf/L lgsfox?n]dx Tjk " 0f { e " ldsf;d Gjof Tds z }nLdfug'{kb{5 . :yfgLo pkef]Qmftyf ;/f]sf/jfnfx?a Lrcy {k "0 f { ; xef l utfs f ]cfjZostf kb{5 . ljsf;df;s/fTds tyf ; fd"lxs;f]r, kf/blz{tf, hjfkmb]lxtf,;xe f lut f , ; "rg f /k|ltlglwTjn] 7"nf ] e"ldsfv]Nb5 . ;fd"lxs lxtnfO{Wofgdf /fvL pkef]Qmx?nfO{;+Ël7t u/]/ pgLx?sf] r]tgf,Ifdtf k|z +;gLo ; f]rsf]ljsf; u/L pgLx?4f/f g}>f]tx?sf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ /u/fpg] vfnsf k|fs[ltskl/of ]hgf, sfo{qmd, gLlttyf /0fgLltx?sf] th'{dfug'{kb{5 . ;x;|fAbL ljsf;nIon] klg jftfj/0f hf]ufpFcleofg cGtu{t jftfj/0fLolbuf]kgsf] ;'lglZrttfnfO{

;ftf}+ nIosf ?kdf clËsf/u/]sf ] 5 . nIon] lbuf ]ljsf;sf ;4fGtnfO{ /fi6«sf]gLlt tyf sfo{qmddf PsLs[tug ' { kg ] { ; fy } jf tfj/0fljgf;nfO{ /f ]Sg'kg] { p2]Zo/fv]sf] 5 .

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cfwf/e"t cfjZostfx? lbuf]?kdf kl/k"lt{ u/L ul/aLlgjf/0fdf 7f]; d2t k'¥ofpgh?/L x'G5 .

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hnfwf/ If]qsf] ;+/If0ftyf lbu f ] J oj:y fkg

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hnfwf/ If]qdf ljBdfg;Lldt >f ]tnfO { ;d'lrt

*

Eco-system

IUCN,200:213

k |l ; 4 k ~ r f ; ]@)&) sflt{s

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(

Eco System

Hydrologic Unit

Uplands and Low lands

Hydro logicCycle

Logical Unit

Eco-

logica l System

Holistec Integrated

Onsite

Bio-physicaland socio-economic fac-tors

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;+3 ;+:yf / ;/sf/L gLlt lgodn] ;d]t;s/f/Tds jf gs/fTds 5fk kf/]sf]x'G5 . To:t} af6f]df df5fk'R5]« ljsf;;+3n] sf:sL lhNnfsf s]xL uflj;x?v]n]sf ] ;s/fTds pHofnf] Psk|sf/sf] ljz]if 5fk k/]sf] b]lvG5 .:yfkgf sfnaf6 o;sf] ljifodfhfgsf/L lnFb} cl3 a9\bf bf]af6f]dfb]lvg] tyf psNrg] ;d:ofnfO{ ;lhnf]tl/sfn] lgjf/0f u/L 9'Sssf] xds]/f]km ]/fpFb} pHofnf ] ;sf/fTds hLjgofkgdf ;'ulGwt /f;} v8f u/L xf};nfdf;/sf/sf] gLlt lgoddf ;'gf}nf] kf6f]v8f u/L lbPsf] 5 . ;/sf/sf] gLltcg';f/ @) jif]{ :jf:Yo of]hgf nfu'u/L o;sf] k"/f ljsf;df h/}b]lv of]dflj; ;dlk{t eP/ nflu k/]sf ]sf/0faf6 sf:sL lhNnfn] ;d]t k|yd:yfg cf]u6]/ uf}/jsf] ku/L u'yfP/ of]lhNnfdf /xg' tyf ;/sf/L sfof{no;~rfng ug'{ ePsf ;'zf;gsf] 8f]/f]alnof ] u/L ;dft]/ p7\g 'kg]{ a]nfsf]dx;'; ePsf] kQf kfO{ h/km/fpFb} ug'{ePsf dfly b]lv tn ;Dd st{JonfO{sfFwdf /fvL z'elrGts sd{rf/LnfO{;d]t pHofnf] uf}/jsf] dxz'; u/fpgdfultnf] u'g nufP/ v'zL kf¥of] . lsgeg]tf]/g t'ndf n]v]sf ] g]kfnsf] klxnf]v'nf lb;f d'Qm lhNnf eGg] klxnf] s'/f]b]Vg]n] atfPsf] s'/fdf kSsf :ofaf;Lp7]sf] 5 . xfdL of] s'/fdf olt dflyeof] ls s;/L dfkg ug]{ . g]kfnsf]ljsf;sf] ult cufnf] df/L kfNg'x'g]ljb]zL cfb/0fLo kfx'gfsf] dg lhTgdfk|d'v sf/0f lgdf{0fdf kSsf of] s'/fn]kof] cf]u6]sf] 5 . o;n] kf]v/fsf]rfxgfdf Ps vfn] ;[hgfTds ;f]rsf]ljhf/f]k0f u/]sf ] dxz'; kmfNfs'b\b}cfpFb }5 . o:tf s'/fdf /fi6«sf ]l9s'6Ldf hDdf x'g] /sddf ko{6ssf]ofqf nfdf] v'zL nfUbf] /dfO{nf] /f]rscfgGbbfoL / k6s k6s cfpg]

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jftfj/0fsf] l;/fgL prf] kf/]sf] 5 .o;sf ;fy} k~rf;]sf] gfddf /f]lkPsf;fdflhs hLjgdf knfPsf ;'vb s'/fdf;a}sf] pTyfgsf] Pl/of rf/}lt/ c+s'/fP/cfPsf 5g\ . xfdL vf; u|fdL0f :t/dfa;]/ ePklg ljZjsf] ;fd' ;do tyf/fd|f] sfd ug]{df ulgPsf 5f}+ . lsgeg]xl/t s0f{ h:tf s'/fsf] ljrf/ u/Ljftfj/0fdf g/fd|f ] k|efj kg{ glbg]cf}hf/ lgdf{0f u/L jgsf] arfj6 tyfa[Iff/f]k0f u/L xl/ofnLn] pQ/ lbg;kmn 5f}+ . cNkljsl;t /fi6«n] tyfljsf;pGd'v /fi6"n] kfpg'kg]{ ;'ljwfsf]af6f]df g]kfnnfO{ b/f] kf/L pEofpg]sfdsf] ;d]t psf;]/ xFl;nf] cg'xf/b]vfO{ k|fKt ul/g] ;xof]udf sGh';fO{gxf ]nf . ljZj ljsf; h:tf ljQLo;+:yfn] x]g]{ x]/fO{df g]kfnsf] kfngf ug'{kg]{;'rfÍ kSsf klg sDtL gb]lvPnf .oltn] dfq ge} dfgjtfsf] nflu rflxg]cfwf/e"t s'/fsf] k"/f km ]/f] nufP/j[Iff/f]k0f, v]tLafnL, gof F a }1flgsk|ljlwsf] kz'kfng /f]huf/sf ultnfcj;/ tyf af]nLrfnL a;fO{ p7fO{,;Eotfsf] d'xf/df rds Nofpg] s'/fdftflnd uf]i7L, e]nf kl/rofTds sfo{nfO{dfly /fvL sfd ul//xg'df lgle{stfdfcfFl6nf] ;fxf; p7]/ rf/}lt/ x]/]sf]kfO{G5 . ljleGg ;dodf uflj; :t/dfrflnPsf ;fdflhs xLtsf s'/fdf oLs'/fsf] klx/gdf ;fFw nufP/ /fv]sf]kfO{G5 . of] s'/fsf] lgDtL cfb/0fLo;+:yfks Ho"x?df kljqfsf] dgf]efjl;tlr/fo'sf] sfdgf /fVg' ;+odn] prfn]sf]

kljq pHofnf] Hof]ltn] k'sf/L /x]sf] 5 .r]tgfdf nfdf] ;do;Dd nflu k/L uflj;:t/df ;~rflnt ;a} k|sf/sf k|fYffldsljBfno= b]lv uflj; ;Ddsf ljBfnodfr]tgfdf v/f] kfO{g /fvL k|To]ssf] 3/dfk'uL jsfnt ul//x]sf] s'/fn] ;fobafns, j[4, k'?if, dlxnf, ljBfyL{,sd{rf/L, ;}lgs, xflsd, snfsf/,v]nf8L, ls;fgL eb| enfbdL tyf ufpF:t/df a:g] ;a}sf] dgdf k'uL lr/lGhjLePsf] kfO{G5 . xfdL of] ;+:yf arfpg]/ of] ultdf Nofpg ;Sg] sfddf nflukg'{ePsf ;+3 ;+:yf k|lt klg ;'gf}nf]dgn] lz/dfyL xft /fvL clegGbgub{5f}+ . Tof] klg dfgj ;d'bfodf va/gul/ cfpg] ljkbsf] lgaf/0fsf] nflus/]nL xfnL r]tgfsf] /fFsf] afnL rnfPsf]cleofgn] Ps k|sf/sf] h'gL km]l/Psf]h:tf] 5fk k/]sf] 5 .

of] sfd k'/f ug]{ lhDdf lng'ePsfcfb/0fLo g]t[TjbfoLx?sf] cys k|of; /sd{rf/Lsf] ;'gf }nf] pHofnf] ;f]rdfdflydfly cfsfzdf tf/f /x] h:t} ;f]r/fv]/ of] 7fpFn] kfpg'kg]{ lj1n] k|ult u/]sfs'/fsf] ;Dk"0f{ ljsf;sf] kmn k|fKt u/LcfgGbsf] 6f]kL dfly uf}/jtfsf] km]tf ;]tf]b]vfpg] s'/fdf zflGt If]q eGg dg k/fpg]sfdsf] oqf] 7"nf] km]/f] ;dft]/ sfd u/]sf]s'/fdf s:n] s'/f sf6\g ;Snf, lzlIftdflg;sf] cfTdfdf a;]sf] ljj]ssf] :yfgaf6s:n] k|z+;f gunf{ < oL ;a} s'/fsf];kmntfdf ;/sf/L gLlt lgodn] ;d]tdg k/fpg] s'/f afn Sna u7g u/L g]t[Tjljsf;sf] s'/fdf eljion] tfs]tf ul//x]sf]ljZj aGw'Tjsf] efjgf kSsf p7]/ pHofnf]6x 6x 3fd nfP ;/x x'g] s'/fdf ;+s]tePsf] 5 . of] ;a} s'/fdf dflj;n] b/f]TofuL efjgf /fv]/ cfkm"nfO{ alnbfgL u/]sf]k|df0f htftt} af]n]/ k|z+;f u/]sf] s'/faf6wGojfbsf] kfq aGg Psbd ld7f] / :jflbnf]x'g] s'/fdf of] k~rf;] If]q Pj+ o;sf]hfgsf/L lnPsfn] clu|d :yfgdf k'gk|ultsf] nflu wGojfb lbb} k|z+;f ub{5f}+ .

!!

kqrf/sf] 7]ufgf kfpg]

@)&) sflt{slh=k|=sf= sf:sL btf{ g+=@ #̂÷)^&÷)^* kf]=If]=x'=lg=btf{ g+= @&÷)%@÷)%#

km]jf tfn hnfwf/ If]qsf ;fd'bflos jgx?df 3'DtL sf]ifsf :yfkgfkm]jf tfn hnfwf/ If]qsf

lgDg afDbLle/, /fO{ e08f/,esfh'{Ë, s/fËsf]6, lrlnd]8fF8f / 7f]6\g] vf]nf ;fd'bflosjgx?df /x ]s f jgsfpkef]Qmfx? lhljsf]kfh{gsfnflu cfocfh{gsf sfo{x?ug{sf ] nflu ;xof ]u k|fKtePsf] 5 .

lrtjg cGgk"0f{ e"–kl/lwleq hnjfo' kl/jt{gsfgs/fTds k|efjx? / h}ljsljljwtfdf x'g] hf]lvdx?nfO{Go 'lgs/0f ug { ] , på] Zon];+rflnt xl/of] jg sfo{qmdsf]jflif{s sfo{s|d adf]lhd 8An'

8An' Pkm, g ]kfn dfkm {tdf5fk'R5]« ljsf; ;+3df pNn]veP cg';f/ km]jf tfn hnfwf/If]qsf ;fd'bflos jg leqsflhljsf]kfh{gsf nflu jgdf

cfl>t ju{x?sf cfocfh{gsfcj;/x?df a[l4 ub}{ qmlds?kdf lbuf] hLlasf]kfh{g ug]{x]t'n] 3'DtL sf]ifsf] dfWodaf6k|efjsf/L 9+un] ;+rfng ug{sf

nflu ;DjlGwt uflj;df /x]sfjrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfln= nfO { kl/rflnt ub} {afDbLle/, /fO{ e08f/,esfh'{Ë, s/fËsf]6, lrlnd]8fF8f / 7f]6\g] vf]nf ;fd'bflosjgsf !#) pkef]Qmfx?nfO{/sd k|bfg ul/Psf] / pgLx?n]k|fKt /sdsf] ljleGg k|of]hgsf]]tyf pQm /sd jgdf k|ToIfc;/ gug ] { u l/ x 'g ]cfocfh{gsf sfo{sf nfluk |of ]u u/ ]sf ] h fgfsf/Ldf5fk'R5] « ljsf; ; +3sfsfo{qmd ;+of]hs ljdn axfb'/s'Fj/n] atfP .

/0fgLlts of ]hgf th '{d f uf ]i7 L c fof ]hgfdf5fk'R5] « ljsf; ;+3n]

ut @% jif { b ]lv k~rf;]I f ] q j/k / l j le Ggjftfj/0f ; +/I f0f tyfP lss [ t ; f d ' b f l osljsf;sf sfo{x? ;fdflhskl/rfngsf] dfWofdaf6ub } { } cfO{/x]sf ] 5 . o;}/ht jif{ uf F7 ;Dd cfO{k'Ubf; /; k m f O { , ; + / I f 0 f ,;xsf l/t f , ; f d 'b f l osljsf;, ;–zlQms/0fsfIf ]qdf dxTjk"0f{ pknAwLx?klg xfl;n u/]sf ] 5 . o;}

lznlznfdf cjsf efjLlbgx?df ;+:yfn] s'g s'gsfo {qmd tyf ef}u f ] lnsIf]qdf s] s:tf ] Wo]o tyfnIf / p2]Zosf ;fy sfo{ug ]{ / tL nIf k|flKtsf nflus ] s:t f /0 f g L l t /sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ug] {e Gg ] p 2 ] Zos f ; f ykf ]v/fdf ! lbg] /0fgLltso f ] h g f th ' { d f u f ] i 7 L;~rfng ul/of] .

; f ] u f ] li7df ;+ :yfsfsfo{ ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L

tyf ;b:ox?, sd{rf/Lx?ty f ; d ' b f os f s ] x Lk|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf/x]sf ] lyof ] . uf]li7n] vf;u / L ce m } ; + / I f 0f /;fd'bflos ljsf;df hf]8lbFb} k|s[lt ;+ut ;dtfd"ns/ ;d [ 4 ; d fhsf ]:yfkgfsf nflu h}ljs /cfw' lgs s[ l if k |0f fnL,lzI f f, k |fs [lts ;Dkbf;fk]If / lg/kIf ;+/If0f/ ko {6gsf ] dfWod4f/fcfly{s ljsf;, ;fdflhs

Gofosf] cEof; / ;dfhsf]Plss[t lbuf] ljsf; ug] {n I osf ; f y l j l jw/0fgLltx? to u/]sf ] 5 ./0 f g L l ts f c f w f /d f/rg f T ds sf o { q m dx ?;~rfng ug{ ljz]if hf]8lbO{g] 5 . ;f] sfo{qmdsf]lh Nn f / ] 8q md z fv fsf:sLsf ;efklt /fdk|;fb1jfnL / jftfj/0f ljb 8f=l jhos 'd f/ l ; + xn ];xhLs/0f u g ' {e Psf ]lyof ] .

(Mailing Address)

"Panchase"

P.O.Box- 161

Pokhara, Nepal

Fax: 0977-61-522653

Email: ppanchase@gmail.com

Website: www.mdonepal.org

(To)

k |l ; 4 k ~ r f ; ] !@