paleolitiko -old stone age

8/11/2019 Paleolitiko -Old Stone Age

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If History is the study of the past…

then what is Pre-History?

“It is now clear that long before the invention of writing,

human beings made a place for their species in the

natural world and laid the social, economic, and cultural

foundations on which their successors built increasingly

complex societies.” Bentley p.8



Do Now: On your handout, in the space

provided, make a list of images that come to

mind when you hear the word “Stone Age.”

Aim: How did humans live duringthe Paleolithic Age?



Theor ies on prehistory andear ly man con stant ly change

as new evidence comes to

l ight .

- Louis Leakey, Britisharchaeologist



Hominids --> any member

of the family of two-legged

primates that includes all

humans.

4,000,000 BCE – 1,000,000 BCE



3.5 Million Years old

40 of her bones were found –

most complete and best preserved

skeleton on any early ancestor.

Small brain: size of a grapefruit

Short, hairy, limited in intelligence

but walked upright, had opposable

thumbs, and communicated

verbally



“Upright Walking Human Being”

Larger Brain: Larger and more varied tools.

primitive technology, better communication,

organized hunts.

First hominid to migrate and leave Africa for Europe and

Asia. Traveled for stone for tools

By 200,000 years ago, they were established in

temperate areas

First to use and control fire ( 500,000 BCE )

BIPEDALISM

2,500,000 BCE – 200,000 BCE



200,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE

“Consciously thinking human”

• Large brain with well developed areas for

conscious and reflective thought-highly

intelligent

•Could live in areas beyond the temperate zones because

intelligence allowed them to make clothes and shelters to

protect them from the cold.

•Developed more advanced tools than predecessors

(knives, spears, bows, arrows); made shelters of wood,

bones, and animal skins



•Land bridge exposed by an ice age

allowed them to travel to SE Asia, Australia, and the Americas

•With larger populations, large mammals

became extinct due to hunting and

changes in Earth’s environment



Scene One:

1. How does Tom Hanks’

Character finally succeed?

What skills did he need to

acquire?2. Describe his reaction? Why

was it so important to him?

Scene Two:

1. How has he adapted to his

environment? What skills

has he developed?

2. Why did it take him so long to

take this action?

Yeah, Cavemen

weren’t so simple

after all!



Humans evolved over a long period time and developed

more advanced brains, which allowed them to spread out in

the world and adapt their environments to suit their needs.

Australopithecus Homo Erectus Homo Sapiens

4,000,000 BCE – 1,000,000 BCE

2,500,000 BCE – 200,000 BCE

200,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE



“Paleolithic” --> “Old Stone” Age

Hunting (men) & gathering (women) --> small bands of 20-30 humans

NOMADIC (moving from place to place)

2,500,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE



•Hunting and gathering:no private property or

social distinctions based

on wealth due to mobility

•Possessed some smallitems carried during

migrations

•Social distinctions based

on age, strength, courage,intelligence, personality

•Gender equality because

both contributed to

survival

What role did men and

women play in a Hunter-

Gatherer society?



•Small bands withagreements with

neighboring bands on

territories, marriage

partners•Systematic hunting

using special tools, tactics

•Permanent settlements

were established in areas

with abundant food

resources (grains, fish)



Neander Valley, Germany

First fully modern human beings-physically and mentally

First humans to bury

their dead. Burial sites

with rituals (Shanidar-

covered bodies with

flowers)

Sites where items left

with bodies may

indicate belief in

afterlife



Made clothes from animal skins.

Lived in caves and

tents.

Early Hut/Tent



Homo sapiens sapiens “Wise, wise human” )

First Human beings of the fully modern type – Direct

descendant of modern day humans

WHY???

By 30,000 BCE they

replaced Neanderthals.



Humans during this period found shelter in caves.

Cave paintings were left behind

• Interested in fashion and art



•Depictions of animals and

humans; possibly to gain control

over animals they were hunting by

capturing their spirits

•Made paints and brushes from

natural materials – shows higher

order thinking

•Small sculpture of women with

exaggerated sexual features,

showing interest in fertility



Paleolithic Cave Art



Stone Age Tool Kit

http://ygraine.membrane.com/enterhtml/Sir_Vent/Dribbling_Rivalry/images/Stone_Age_Tools_Large.jpg



Religionfire/animals were sacred

Buried their dead with

personal possessions

Paleolithic Age

“Old Stone Age” 2.5 million years ago – 8000B.C

Society

Nomadic – find food

Traveled with clan 20-30ppl

Lived in caves

Food

Hunter-Gatherers

No Farming

Technology

Used stone tools for

hunting and war

Harnessed fire



Paleolithic peoples lived in

small nomadic bands withfew class distinctions, and

had an interest in art and

simple spiritual beliefs.

Neanderthals

( 200,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE )

Cro-Magnons

( 40,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE )

Homo Sapiens

Homo Sapien

Sapien

(40,000 BCE-Present )

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.nws.it/chisiamo/images/f_32.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.nws.it/chisiamo/testo/p_15.htm&h=224&w=200&sz=7&tbnid=sQh5snr0EUUJ:&tbnh=102&tbnw=91&hl=en&start=41&prev=/images?q=neandertal&start=40&svnum=10&hl=en&lr=&sa=N



70,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE

paleolitiko -old stone age

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