paints and decorations

8/3/2019 Paints and Decorations

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PAINT AND DECORATING

Aishah Shahira MuhamadNaser

Nur Afiqah MohdBashir

Anim Amira MdTohid


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INTRODUCTION


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WHAT IS PAINT ?

Paints are surface coatings generally suitable for site

use, marketed in liquid form. They help in adding

different shades and characters to the wall of

indoors and outdoors of a building.

Painting constitutes a small faction of the initial cost

of a building and much higher proportion of the

maintenance cost.


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They may be used for one or more of thefollowing purposes :

To protect the underlaying surface by exclusionof the atmosphere, moisture, chemicals, fungiand insects.

To provide a decorative, easily maintainedsurface.

To provide light and heat reflectingproperties.

To give special effects , for example , inhibitivepaints of protection of metals , electricallyconductive paints as a source of heat ,condentsation resistant paints.


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PROPERTIES


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Stain resistance :

y measures how easily material of paint can

withstand stain and can be removed fromthe paint. If the stain penetrates into the

paint, it can be very hard to remove.

Corrosion resistance :

y measures how the type of paint can

withstand the corrode from destroying the

appearance of the paint. The material usedin paint decides if the paint can withstand

the corrosion.


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Scrub resistance :

y measures how tough a paint is and how

much washing it can withstand.

Gloss :

y measure of how shiny a paint is. A glossypaint is very smooth and light reflects off

it as it would off a piece of clear glass. And

it really makes a good appearance of wall.


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Flow and viscosity :

y is the internal resistance to flow

exhibited by a fluid. A liquid with a high

viscosity (like maple syrup) flows slowly.

It have the same characteristics with

flow of the paint.

Weatherability :y is the resistance of the paint to the

damaging effects of weather, such as sun

(light), rain, heat, cold, and dirt.

Sometimes if the paint is not strongenough to resist these effects, it may

cause cracking on the surface of the

paint.


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COMPONENTS


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PIGMENTS : The use of pigments in the paints is to provide

color opacity and flow. It is found out thattitanium oxide as a pigment in most of the color

paints as it is white.

The properties of the paint maybe modified to a

large extend by the pigment. Pigments are find insoluble crystalline particles which give colour-

hiding ability and body to the paint.

They maybe organic, inorganic, natural or

synthetic.


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BINDERS :

Binders are used there as a film forming

component. It has adhesive properties and great

influence over the other properties like gloss,

exterior durability, flexibility and toughness.

Binders can be split in two categories, one is

drying and other one are curing. It binds the

ingredients (holds everything together), forms

the film and also known as the non-volatile

vehicle.


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SOLVENTS :

The purpose of using solvents in paint is to

control the viscosity. Solvents are not the main

component of the paint film, they are just

volatiles. Mostly, water is used as a solvent

disposal in the water based paints. Oils, alcohols

are the other liquids which are generally used in

them as solvents. There are many other

components which are used widely apart from

these three main components. The otheringredients are used to improve qualities like

antifreeze, foam control, wet edge and pigment

stability.


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EXTENDERS :

Extenders are used to improve some of the

properties of the paint, although they have little

or no pigmentary value. They can, for instant, be

used to control the amount of gloss. Materials

used as extenders do not affect the colour because

their refractive index is very closed to that of the

medium. Extender particles are much larger than

pigment particle.


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DRIERS :

Driers are added to oil-bound paints. These are

usually oxides which will give out oxygen and

thereby increased the rate of oxidation of the

binder and thus the rate of drying. The rate of

drying can also be increased by using blown

linseed-oil which has had air blown through it.


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TYPESOF

PAINT

Latex/WaterBased

Alkyd/OilBased

Primer flat paint


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Known as undercoat paint

provide the surface for the finish coats of

paint or clear finishes

seal the surface off and provide a "tooth"

for the finish paint

also used block out stains like water

stains, crayon and smoke insure longer lasting paint to stay on the

surface creating the "wear layer"


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Applies smoothly and wears well in bothinterior and exterior use

Versatility and easy to clean up

Does not require thinners or solventsFaster drying time

Has less of an odour than other paints, such asoil-based paint

Non-flammableMore environmentally friendly than other

paint types


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Also known as oil-based paint

Suitable used at the high traffic area and

outdoor which very expose to weather

Looking better when dry

Strong odour noticeable in buildings that

have been freshly painted.

A harder material and holds to thesurface better

Requires thinners and solvents to clean

up


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Also known as matte paint

Paint which dries to a minimally reflective finish

Adheres readily, taking to rough surfaces veryeasily.

Much harder to clean than glossier paints

Tends to hide and minimize rough surfaces

Definitely needs to be avoided in high traffic areaslike kitchens

Suitable for indoor work

normally used for ceilings and walls that haveimperfections


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PAINT SYSTEM

Pre-paint StageSurface Preparation

Paint StageCoating Application


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SURFACE PREPARATION

Surface preparation involves the removal of

old paint, oil, scale, or rust before painting or

coating application.

Methods include:y Abrasive Cleaning

y Detergent Cleaning

y Emulsion Cleaning

y Solvent Cleaning

y SteamCleaning


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COATINGAPPLICATIONPreparation of the surface to receive paint

and the application of the paint in theproper manner to the specified thickness.

This application can be applied with abrush, roller or sprayer.

Firstly, the surface to bepainted must be clean, dry,and free of old loose paint.

Firstly, the surface to bepainted must be clean, dry,and free of old loose paint.

The paint should be stirredbefore it is usedThe paint should be stirredbefore it is used

Painting should proceed fromtop to bottom and from large

areas to trim.

Painting should proceed fromtop to bottom and from large

areas to trim.


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BRUSHB

rush painting method is applied for small texturedpainting works.

Brush painting is mostly used for whitewash or commonpainting.Clean the surface,

brush andcontainer, usedfor keeping the

paint duringapplication.

Clean the surface,

brush andcontainer, usedfor keeping the

paint duringapplication.

Apply paint onlyafter contents of

paint in drum aremixed

thoroughly.

Apply paint onlyafter contents of

paint in drum aremixed

thoroughly.

Apply the paint

with brush first byusing vertical

strokes until thesurface is fully

covered.

Apply the paint

with brush first byusing vertical

strokes until thesurface is fully

covered.

Apply brushpainting across

with light strokes tosmooth laps andbrush marks for

complete coverage.

Apply brushpainting across

with light strokes tosmooth laps andbrush marks for

complete coverage.

Lay off withvertical strokes

finally.

Lay off withvertical strokes

finally.


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ROLLER After surface preparation Roller Painting should be

done by skilled painter. If unskilled painter is deputedon job, painting work may result in patchy andinconsistent work.

Its done as follows:

Clean surface,

roller andcontainer before

starting thepainting work.

Clean surface,

roller andcontainer before

starting thepainting work.

Mix contents ofthe paint

thoroughly beforeapplication.

Mix contents ofthe paint

thoroughly beforeapplication.

Dip roller inmixed paint andrun it from top to

bottom.

Dip roller inmixed paint andrun it from top to

bottom.

Again dip roller andrun it adjacent tothe above applied

area from bottom totop.

Again dip roller andrun it adjacent tothe above applied

area from bottom totop.

Run roller withoutdipping it in painthorizontally and

vertically on appliedpaint coat to spread it

uniformly.

Run roller withoutdipping it in painthorizontally and

vertically on appliedpaint coat to spread it

uniformly.


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SPRAYERSpray painting is specially done in textured painting of

ceiling.

Spray painting is easy method and takes less time than

rolling painting do.

This painting is done through spray machine as follows.

Clean thesurface, spraymachine and

container before

starting paintingwork.

Mix contents ofpaint beforeapplying the

paint.

Add contents ofpaint before

application of

paint.

Do spray paintingonly when dry

condition

prevails.

Hold spray gunperpendicular tothe surface and

move the gun oversurface in a uniform

sweeping motionwhile spraying.

Try different airpressure and fan

adjustment toachieve bestapplication.

Dont keep airpressure highotherwise the

paint will fog upand be wasted.

Take care ifadequate

ventilation isprovided to

disperse sprayfume.

Protect floorsfrom spray

fumes.


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SELECTION OF PAINTThere are some various factors in selecting

paint which are:

y Project Conditions

y Considering the Material

y Final Finish

y Oil-Base vs. Water-Base

y Adhesion


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PROJECT CONDITIONS

Understand the components of paint, consider theconditions in which the project or painted item will

exist. Example: wheather (cold or hot, damp or dry,

windy or calm)

Considering theMaterial If the surface is very porous, more paint will be

needed.

Sometimes special primers can be used to reduce theamount of paint necessary to provide complete

coverage.

Example: very soft woods and concrete vs. hardwoods

or metals


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FINAL FINISH

Determine the kind of finish you want on the final product.

Finishes range from flat to high gloss, with additional finish

levels in between. As result, its look beautiful and glossy

surface.

Adhesi

on

Paint is no good if it doesn't stick and maintain a uniform

appearance.

The binder gives paint its sticking power. It also dries

into a protective finish. In water-based paints, the binder is usually a plastic,

either acrylic, vinyl or a combination of both.

The binder in oil-base paints is either a natural oil or a

synthetic resin (alkyd).


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OIL-BASE VS. WATER-

BASE

An oil-base coat takes longer to dry than latex, but

some painters prefer it for this very reason.

The longer the drying time, the better the paint will

flatten out to hide brush marks. The odor is strong, but for durability oil base is hard to

beat.

Use it on primed walls or woodwork and already-

painted surfaces.

Cleanup is trickier than for water base, and must be

done with mineral spirits or turpentine.


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PROTECTIVEAGENT

NOTDESTROY

THEEXTERNAL

WALL OFTHE

BULDING

GIVE MOREPROTECTIONAND

STRENGTHTO THE

MATERIAL(TI

MB

ER)

DECREASETHEPOSSIBILYTY

OF METALCOMPONENT

TO GET

CORRODE


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BUILDING ANDDECORATIVE

PAINT

Paint give

an

attractive

appearanceto the wall

Oil basedpaint

suitable to

apply in

outdoor and

high traffic

area

Primerpaint give a

undercoat

paint to give

surface for

the finishes


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Contribute more types of paint

which suitable for the

environment and types of the

material


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As a QS, we need to choose the best quality of paintwhile choosing it for a building or houses.

A better paint will effect the appearance and thelonger lasting paint from peeling and premature

failure.

Each of the component in a paint is actually givestrength and protection although in a lower

percentage.

Otherwise, painting also can be a protection to someof the material used such as metal and timber.

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