paata papava, lela qistauri - kargiskola.ge · klasi v kitxvis done – 5.2 teqstis tipi –...
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rogor gamovicnoT amindi?
paata papava, lela qistauri
klasi VkiTxvis done – 5.2teqstis tipi – sainformacio-SemecnebiTi
saqarTvelos dawyebiTi ganaTlebis proeqti (G-PriEd) madlobas uxdis lela qistaurs, rezo gogias, nugzar arCe maSvils da eliso rexviaSvils, romlebmac paata papavas xelmZRvanelobiT mniSvnelovani wvlili Seitanes am wignebis momzadebaSi. gansakuTrebuli madloba qalbaton medea kakaCias (USAID) gawe uli daxmarebisTvis.
am masalis momzadeba SesaZlebeli gaxda amerikeli xalxis keTili nebiTa da aSS saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos mxardaWeriT. masalebis Sinaarsze pasuxismgebelia SemdgenelTa jgufi da igi ar warmoadgens aSS saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentosa da aSS mTavrobis azrs. Ees masala momzadda aSS saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos dawyebiTi ganaTlebis proeqtis farglebSi, romelic xorcieldeba saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrosTan erTad.
Sesavali
Sen mudmivad raRacas akeTeb: TamaSob, seirnob, mgzavrob, skolaSi dadixar... zogjer winaswar gegmav, meore dRes riTi dakavdebi: iTamaSeb, iseirneb, imgzavreb, skolaSi waxval... raimes ukeT dasagegmad mosalodneli amindis prognozis codna da gaTvalis wineba Zalian mniSvnelovania.
dRes uamravi mecnieruli meTodi1 arsebobs amindis winaswar gamosacnobad. Tumca, Tu bunebis movlenebs yuradRebiT daakvirdebi, amindis prognozirebas2 damoukidebladac SeZleb. vin icis, iqneb zustadac ki iwinaswarmetyvelo? yuradRebiT gaecani wignSi aRweril niSnebs, romlebic amindis gamocnobaSi gvexmareba. Seecade, isini garemoSi aRmoaCino. daakvirdi cas, mcenareebs, cxovelebis qcevas. es yvelaferi saSualebas mogcems, winaswar ivaraudo mosalodneli amindi. gaige, rogori sinoptikosi3 xar!
meTodi movlenis kvlevis xerxi.
prognozi – [berZnuli sityvidan prognosis] – raime movlenis ganviTarebisa da Sedegebis winaswar ganWvreta, winaswarmetyveleba mecnieruli monacemebis safuZvelze.
sinoptikosi – adamiani, vinc mosalodnel aminds winaswarmetyvelebs mecnieruli monacemebis safuZvelze.
2
ra iwvevs amindis cvalebadobas?
aminds ZiriTadad sami ram ganapirobebs: atmosferuli temperatura, tenianoba da wneva. es sami faqtori warmoqmnis qars, Rrublebsa da naleqs. ese igi, temperaturis, tenianobisa da wnevis cvalebadoba da urTierTqmedeba gansazRvravs, rogori iqneba amindi.
Cvens planetas gars akravs haeris sqeli fena – atmosfero. swored iqaa Tavmoyrili dedamiwidan aorTqlebuli wyali. atmosferos qveda fenaSi Cndeba Rrublebi. iqidan modis wvima da Tovli. iqve warmoiqmneba Weqaquxili.
rogorc ici, dedamiwa sakuTari RerZis garSemo brunavs saaTis isris mimarTulebiT, dasavleTidan aRmosavleTisaken. masTan erTad trialebs atmosferoc. amindis ganmapirobebeli faqtorebic (temperatura, tenianoba da wneva) Cveulebriv dasavleTidan aRmosavleTisken gadainacvlebs. Tumca, SesaZloa, rom konkretul adgilebSi amindze sxva, adgilobrivma, pirobebmac imoqmedos.
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amindis gamocnoba garemoze dakvirvebiT
amindis gamocnobis saukeTeso saSualeba gare samyaroze dakvirvebaa. Sen garSemo arsebuli cocxali da aracocxali garemo SeiZleba uamrav informacias Seicavdes mosalodnel amindze. mTavaria am informaciis `amokiTxva~ SegeZlos.
daakvirdi Rrublebs
Rrublebs bevri ramis Tqma SeuZliaT mosalodneli amindis Sesaxeb. daakvirdi Rrublebis tips da imas, Tu saiT moZraoben isini. zogadad, Tu Rrublebi maRlaa da TeTria, es karg aminds moaswavebs. Tu Rrublebi dablaa da muqia, mosalodnelia wvima an qariSxali.
Tu dRis pirvel naxevarSi caSi muqi nacrisferi Rrublebi Cans da dRis ganmavlobaSi kidev ufro meti mogrovdeba, es niSnavs, rom male avdaria mosalodneli.
zogjer Rrublebi maRla caSi grZeli lentebiviTaa gaWimuli. es SeiZleba niSnavdes, rom 36 saaTis ganmavlobaSi gaavdrdeba.
zogjer caSi erTdroulad grovdeba Txeli da sqeli Rrublebi. roca aseTi ram xdeba, momdevno dRe aucileblad wvimiani iqneba.
Tu Rrublebi monacrisfro Txeli fenebisagan Sedgeba, am dros naleqi wvimis wvril wveTebad modis, cris.
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zogjer Rrublebi Txeli da gawelilia. aseTi Rrublebi yinulis kristalebisagan Sedgeba. isini caSi Zalian maRla dacuraven. maTi gamoCena qariani amindis mauwyebelia.
Tu zamTarSi ca RrublebiT ifareba, ufro Tbili amindia mosalodneli. am dros Rrublebi erTgvari sabnis rols asruleben da dedamiwidan siTbos gafantvas uSlian xels.
daakvirdi cis Seferilobas
kargad daakvirdi cas mzis amosvlis da Casvlis dros. is SeiZleba sxvadasxva feris iyos. cis Seferilobis mixedviT amindis prognozireba SegiZlia.
zogadad, Tu ca Sebindebisas mTlianad wiTelia, meore dRes karg aminds elian.
zogjer mzis Casvlisas ca dasavleTiT wiTldeba, rac atmosferoSi mtvris nawilakebis gabneviTaa gamowveuli. gabnevas, Tavis mxriv, xels uwyobs maRali wneva da mSrali haeri. Sesabamisad, am dros mSrali haeri dasavleTidan Senken moiwevs da mosalodnelia una leqo amindi.
xolo aisis dros cis aRmosavleT nawilSi wiTeli feri niSnavs, rom mSrali haeri ukve gagcda. amas
mohyveba dabali wneva, romelsac aucileblad wvima mosdevs.
arsebobs aseTi gamoTqma: `daisis dros wiTeli ca mezRvauris sixarulia, wiTeli ca aisis dros – mezR vauris safrTxe~.
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daakvirdi mTvares da varskvlavebs
mTvareze dakvirvebiT SeiZleba gamoicno rogorc moaxloebuli, ise grZelvadiani amindi. saamisod mTvaris Seferilobas da naTebis intensivobas (sikaSkaSes) unda daakvirde.
axalmTvareobisas zogjer mTvaris rkali TeTrad kaSkaSebs da gadaxrilia (`gulaRma wevs~). es niSnavs, rom ori kviris ganmavlobaSi kargi amindia mosalodneli. Tu rkali moyviTalo ferisaa da TiTqmis vertikaluradaa caze (` dgas ~), naleqi iqneba.
naTeli rgoli mTvaris garSemo Tbili haeris masebis moaxloebasa da tenianobas moaswavebs. savaraudod, momdevno sami dRis ganmavlobaSi wvima iqneba. arsebobs gamoTqma: `rgoli mTvaris garSemo – male wvima an Tovli~.
amindis gamocnoba varskvlavebze dakvirvebiTac SeiZleba. varskvlaviani ca rom daris momaswavebelia, yvelam kargad icis. garda amisa, cnobilia: Tu RamiT mowmendil caze varskvlavebi (TiTqmis yvela) Zlierad cimcimebs, qari iqneba.
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amindis varaudi qarisa da haeris mixedviT
qari aris haeris moZraoba. qari warmoiqmneba atmosferoSi wnevis araTanabari ganawilebis gamo. mas aqvs mimarTuleba da siCqare. mimarTulebas gansazRvraven im mxaris mixedviT, saidanac igi qris (mag. aRmosavleTis qari qris aRmosavleTidan, dasavleTis qari – dasavleTidan). masze dakvirvebiT SeiZleba mosalodneli amindi gamoicno.
Seamowme qaris mimarTuleba. erTi gavrcelebuli xerxia TiTis dasveleba da maRla aweva. Tu ase haeris moZraobas kargad ver SeigrZnob, SegiZlia balaxi an foTlebi, bumbuli an nebismieri msubuqi sagani vertikalurad aisrolo. Sexede, saiT gafrindeba da sad daecema. amis mixedviT advilad mixvdebi qaris mimarTulebas.
aRmosavleTis qari, rogorc wesi, avdris moaxloebas gvamcnobs. dasavleTis qari, piriqiT, daris niSania.
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daakvirdi adamianebs
amindis gamocnobis erTerTi saintereso xerxi adamianebze dakvirvebaa. maTi nawilis ganwyoba Tu janmrTelobis mdgomareoba pirdapiraa damokidebuli atmosferul cvlilebebze. am movlenas meteopaTia ewodeba. cnobilia, rom msoflios mosaxleobis 35%s aReniSneba meteopaTia.
magaliTad, haeris tenianobis gazrdas Znelad itanen saxsrebis daavadebis mqone adamianebi. aris SemTxvevebi, roca TiTebis, idayvebis, muxlebis saxsrebi ramdenime dRiT adre `grZnoben~ naleqis moaxloebas. isini tkiviliTa da moZraobis SeboWviT `exmaurebian~ am movlenas. magnituri qariSxlebis dros ki bevr adamians Tavis tkivilebi awuxebs.
dRemde veravin gaarkvia dazustebiT, rogor moqmedebs adamianebze amindi. magram erTi ram cxadia: rac ufro meti problema aqvs adamians janmrTelobis mxriv, miT ufro adre iwyebs amindis `prognozirebas~ misi sxeuli. ase rom, Tu sakuTar Tavze dakvirvebiT aminds ver iwinaswarmetyveleb, ar idardo. es imas niSnavs, rom sruliad janmr Teli xar!
meteopaTia [berZn. meteor – ciuri movlena, pathos – avadmyo foba, tanjva] – adamianis organizmis saerTo mdgo mareobis mwvave damokidebuleba klimatur movlenebze (temperaturis, atmosferuli wnevis, eleqtromagnituri velis daZabulobis da sxva cvlilebebze.
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daakvirdiT balaxs aisis dros
Tu balaxi mSralia, es Rrublianobis an Zlieri qaris niSania. aseT dros wvimaa mosalodneli. Tu
balaxi cvriania, am dRes wvimas ar unda elode. xolo Tu gvian Semodgomaze Ra miT TrTvili iyo, diliT ar moTovs. gaiTva liswine, rom Tu RamiT wvimda, es dakvirveba arc ise sandoa.
daakvirdi kocons da kvamls
Tu qalaqgareT xar da saxlSi gvian apireb dabrunebas, SegiZlia mosalodneli amindi koconis daxmarebiT Seityo. roca kargi amindia mosalodneli, nakverCxlebi koconSi iolad nacrdeba.
Tu kvamli maRla vertika lu rad adis, esec daris momaswavebelia. zogjer, miuxedavad imisa, rom uqaro amindia, kvamli mainc miwazea garTxmuli. es mosalodnel avdarze migvaniSnebs. Tu zamTarSi kvamli sveti viT adis maRla, yinvebs daiWers.
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daakvirdi mcenareebs
mcenaris foTlebze dakvirvebiT SegviZlia gamovicnoT, rogori qari uberavs. Tu farTofoTlovanma xeebis foTlebma qveda mxare amoabrunes, es niSnavs, rom am adgilisTvis uCveulo qaria movardnili. Cveuli qarebis dros ki foTlebi bunebriv mdgomareobas inarCuneben.
zogjer grZelvadiani amindis gamocnoba mcenaris nayofis raodenobiTac SeiZleba. magaliTad, amboben, rom Tu circels da wabls nayofi uxvad aqvs, im wels xangrZlivi da xSirnaleqiani zamTari iqneba.
daakvirdi suns
Tu kargi ynosva gaqvs, mosalodneli amindis ga moc nobas advilad SeZleb. Rrmad SeisunTqe haeri, da xu We Tvalebi da scade sunis SegrZneba. qariSxlis win, dabali wnevis gamo, Waobebi haerSi sxvadasxva airs uSveben, rac usiamovno sunis gavrcelebas iwvevs.
amboben, rom yvavilebi saukeTeso surnels wvimis win afrqveven. surneli tenian haerSi ufro mZafria, rac, Tavis mxriv, wvimian aminds ukavSirdeba.
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Seamowme tenianoba
bevri adamiani tenianobis momatebas SeigrZnobs sakuTari Tmis mdgomareobis mixedviT. am dros Tma ixveva da maRla iprixeba.
daakvirdi mwerebs
mwerebze dakvirvebiT amindis gamocnoba Zalian advilia. isini xom yvelgan arian!
kargi amindis win pa tara mwerebi gundebad moZra oben. WriWinebi sa Ramos xmamaRla WriWineben, xoWoebi gvianobamde dafrinaven, WianWvelebi ar xuraven budis Casasvlels da sarCos aSroben. cicinaTelebi ki kaSkaSa sinaTles gamoscemen.
Tu futkrebi diliT mindorSi ar mifrinaven, skaSi rCebian da bzuian, wvimaa mosalodneli. am dros xoWoebi nagavSi iqeqebian. yviTeli akaciis garSemo bevri mweri dawri alebs? ese igi uamindobas unda elodo. iwvimebs maSinac, Tu buzi mwa red ikbineba. WianWvelebi ki uSualod wvimis dawyebamde maRal wawvete bul goras aSeneben.
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daakvirdi cxovelebs da frinvelebs
yuradRebiT daakvirdi frinvelebs. gansakuTrebiT gavrcelebulia amindis gamocnoba mercxlebis qcevis mi xed viT. Tu isini caSi maRla dafrinaven, kargi amindi iqneba. Tu SaSvi mzis Casvlis Semdeg gvian Ramemde galobs, am SemTxvevaSic karg amindebs daiWers. mtredebi Tu RuRuneben, esec daris maniSnebelia.
uSualod wvimis dawyebis win patara Citebi swrafad gayuCdebian xolme. xSirad isini Tavs iyrian didi xeebis centralur msxvil ReroebTan. Toliebi frenas wyveten da napirze rCebian qariSxlis moaxloebis dros. mercxlebi dabla dafrinaven. beRurebi avdris win xSirad mtverSi `banaoben~, yvavebi ki gamudmebiT Cxavian. Tumca, Tu xangrZlivi uamindobisas beRurebi aWikWikdnen, SeiZleba uaxloes momavalSi gamoidaros.
Tu saTevzaod mogiwia wasvla da veraferi daiWire, es SeiZleba mosa lodneli wvimis brali iyos. cnobilia, rom wvimis win Tevzebi ankess ar ekarebian. uamindobis win zogjer isini wylidan xtebian da mu m l s iWeren. kalmaxi mTis mdinareebSi binadrobs da misi naxva, albaT, iSviaTad mogiwevs, magram mainc gaxsovdes: Tu kalmaxi wyalSi kargadaa gamosuli, mziani amindi iqneba.
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Sinauri cxovele bidan amindis gamosacnobad daakvirdi Zroxebis qcevas. qariSxlis win, rogorc wesi, isini erTad grovdebian da wvebian. xolo Tu saRamos xarbad Zoven, meore dRes gawvimdeba.
mosalodneli amindis gamocnobaSi ZaRlic dagexmareba. Tu mokuntuli wevs, acivdeba. xolo Tu gaWimulia, fexebi gauSlia, aucileblad daTbeba.
amindis prognozireba qvewarmavlebis daxmarebiTac SegiZlia. Tu gvian Semodgomaze axalgamoCekil xvlikebs SeamCnev, ese igi, gvian dazamTrdeba.
seirnobisas ku xom ar SeniSne sadme? amboben, rom kuebi xmeleTis SemaRlebul adgilebs eZeben Zlieri wvimebis win. SeiZleba gzebTan axlosac naxo wvimamde erTi an ori dRiT adre.
am wignSi bunebaze dakvirvebiT amindis gamocnobis saSualebaTa mxolod mcire nawilia CamoTvlili. kidev uamravi aseTi xerxi arsebobs. mTavaria, dakvirvebis unari gamoimuSao. Tavad Camoayalibe da Seamowme Seni hipoTezebi. swored ase iqceodnen adamianebi saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi. Tu Senc mosinjav, SeiZleba miagno iseT xerxsac, romelsac am wignSi arc SevxebivarT. yuradRebiT daakvirdi Sens sacx
hipoTeza – raime movlenis asaxsnelad gamoTqmuli varaudi.
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ovrebel garemos, mis floras da faunas. SeamCnie iseTi kanonzomierebebi, romlebic amindTan dakavSirebul movlenebs ukeT gagacnobierebinebs.
daimaxsovre, prognozirebisas arasodes daeyrdno mxolod erT romelime niSans. rac meti niSani miuTiTebs amindis cvlilebaze, miT ufro maRalia prognozis saimedooba. aiTvise amindis prognozirebis sakvanZo principebi. daixmare qvemoT mocemuli cxrili, Seagrove monacemebi, daakvirdi maT, gaaanalize da dawere, rogori amindia mosalodneli. mere ki daakvirdi, ramdenad zustad SeZleb prognozirebas. gaarkvie, rogori sinoptikosi xar.
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ami
ndis
pr
og
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is c
xril
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kvir
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n ga
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deg
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Ram
os
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vs;
ZaR
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kunt
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wveb
ian.
15
ami
ndis
pr
og
noz
ireb
is c
xril
i
daa
kvir
di
movl
eneb
s Se
n ga
rSe
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Zno
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nel
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Ram
os
xar
bad
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vs;
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leb
i mo
kunt
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wveb
ian.
dakvirvebis sagani
Tev
zeb
ika
lma
xebi
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wyl
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a mw
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ar g
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tar
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Si r
Cebi
an;
xoW
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gavS
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eqeb
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mcen
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bal
axz
e be
vri
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nami
ar
ar
is.
nami
ar
ar
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is s
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To
r
aod
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mosa
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dne
li
amin
dis
pr
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noz
i S
eni
gam
oT
vliT
16
SeniSvnebisa da CanawerebisTvis