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©2012 Construction Science, LLC 1
Primavera P6 102 Training Manual
Prepared by
Bill Pepoon, Managing PartnerConstruction Science, LLC
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 2
Day IDay I
IntroductionSetting up a new ProjectActivitiesActivity TypesActivity DurationsWork Breakdown Structure (WBS)DatesCalendarsActivity CodesActivity LogicConstraintsSchedulingCustom Layouts & Views (Formatting)
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IntroductionIntroduction
Data Structures in P6
EPS (Enterprise ProjectStructure)
Centralized Management ofmultiple projects
Categorizes work in theOrganization: A hierarchy ofprojects or a grouping of projectswithin departments
Projects represent the lowestlevel of the EPS
Every project in the organizationmust be included in an EPS
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Introduction (Cont’d)Introduction (Cont’d)
Data Structures in P6
OBS (Organization Breakdown Structure)
A Separate global hierarchy reflecting themanagement structure
One OBS for the entire organization
Used to control access to projects anddata
An OBS element/person will beresponsible for each node/project withinthe EPS
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Project B (WBS Level 1)
WBS Node 1 WBS Node 2 WBS Node 3
Activity 1
Activity 2
(Company Name) EPS
Project A Project B Project C
Introduction (Cont’d)Introduction (Cont’d)
Data Structures in P6
Work Breakdown Structure
Acts as a continuation for theindividual projects in the EPS
The WBS is a Project-SpecificStructure. Each project has its ownWBS that further breaks down thework in that project.
The project is the highest level ofthe WBS. Activities are the lowestlevel of the WBS
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Introduction (Cont’d)Introduction (Cont’d)
Work Breakdown Structure
For a more detailed discussion of Work Breakdown Structures, seethe WBS handbook published by the Department of Defense (MIL-HDBK-881A, 30 JUL 2005)
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Introduction (Cont’d)Introduction (Cont’d)
Data Structures in P6
Activities
An operation or process consuming time and possibly resources
An element of work that must be performed in order to complete aproject
The basic component of a schedule
Activities must be measurable and controllable
An activity may include one or more tasks
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Introduction (Cont’d)Introduction (Cont’d)
Data Structures in P6
Activities (Cont’d)
Any activity has attributes : Schedule-related characteristics and designationsthat uniquely describe a network activity. Attributes can include :
Predecessor and successor activities
Early and late start and finish dates
Identification codes (e.g. trade, area, phase, etc.)
Resource assignments (Labor, equipment (“non-labor”), material)
Any other information that places the activity into accurate context
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Introduction (Cont’d)Introduction (Cont’d)
Data Structures in P6
Resource Hierarchy
Includes the resourcesacross all projects in theorganization
Could be broken down by
Type: labor, equipment,material
Subcontractor
Function: design, site..
Skill level
Project
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Introduction (Cont’d)Introduction (Cont’d)
Data Structures in P6
Summary
The EPS categorizes work in theOrganization
Projects belong to EPS nodes
Each project has its own WBS thatfurther breaks down the work in thatproject. Activities are the lowestlevel of the WBS.
The OBS represents the responsiblemanagers in your company and canbe assigned at the EPS, project,and/or WBS level
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Introduction (Cont’d)Introduction (Cont’d)
Global Data Vs.
Project Specific Data
Global Data
Defined at the EPS level
Applies to all projects across theenterprise
e.g. EPS and OBS, and resource androle information
Project-Level Data
Defined at the project level
Available only to that project
Activities, WBS, and Work Products& Documents
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Introduction (Cont’d)Introduction (Cont’d)
Multiple Platforms
Windows Client
Software resides on host computer
Project databases may or may not be located on host computer
Web Client
Software and project databases are hosted on the web (i.e. “cloudcomputing”)
Dashboard organized differently than Windows Client but featuresare similar
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Introduction (Cont’d)Introduction (Cont’d)
New Terminology
Name in P3 Name in P6
Activity Columns Activity Table
Activity Form Activity Details
Activity Logs Notebook
Bar Chart Gantt Chart
Costs (lump sum) Expenses
Custom Data Items User-defined Fields
Estimate at Completion (resource) At Completion Units
Estimate to Complete (resource) Remaining Units
Expedition Contract Management
Fragnets Methodologies
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Introduction (Cont’d)Introduction (Cont’d)
Name in P3 Name in P6
Hammock (activity type) Level of Effort
Independent (activity type) Resource Dependent
PERT Activity Network
Resource lag Original lag/remaining lag
Resource Profile Resource Usage Profile/
Activity Usage Profile
Resource Table Resource Usage Spreadsheet/
Activity Usage Spreadsheet
Target Baseline
Task (activity type) Task Dependent
WBS (activity type) WBS Summary
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Navigation (Release 7.0)Navigation (Release 7.0)
Bottom Layout
DirectoryToolbar
Command Toolbar
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Navigation (Release 7.0 Cont’d)Navigation (Release 7.0 Cont’d)
Click on the“Directory” Iconto show/hide theDirectory Toolbar
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Navigation (Release 7.0 Cont’d)Navigation (Release 7.0 Cont’d)
Right-clickanywhere in theBottom Layout toadd/remove tabs
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Navigation (Release 7.0 Cont’d)Navigation (Release 7.0 Cont’d)
Shows all Projects in theDatabase
Shows the Activities ofthe Current (Active)Project
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Training Task No. 1Training Task No. 1
Practice each of the following:
1. Hide the Navigation Bar button text
2. Hide the Navigation Bar
3. Hide the Directory Bar button text
4. Hide the Directory Bar
5. Hide the Command Bar button text
6. Open/close Activity Detail
7. Add all available tabs to Activity Detail
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Setting up a New ProjectSetting up a New Project
Creating a New EPS
1. Enterprise Command Menu Enterprise Project Structure
2. Click Add
3. Specify EPS ID & Name
4. Change the EPS position in thehierarchy using arrows
5. Modify Display Options
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Setting up a New Project (Cont’d)Setting up a New Project (Cont’d)
Creating a New OBS
1. Enterprise Command MenuOBS
2. Right-click OBS Details
3. Click on the OBS node that youwant to add a person under, thenclick Add
4. Change hierarchical positionusing appropriate arrow
5. Go back to the new EPS toChange the “ResponsibleManager” name
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Creating a New ProjectCreating a New Project
To Create a new Project
Select the EPS towhich you want to addthe new project
Click Add OR Right-Click the EPS Add
Type Project Data Project ID Project Name Planned Start Date “Must Finish By” :
Contract Finish Date Responsible Manager
in the OBS Rate Type: Price/Unit
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Creating a New Project (Cont’d)Creating a New Project (Cont’d)
Also, you can Cut/Copy &Paste an existing projectinto the new EPS
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Creating a New Project (Cont’d)Creating a New Project (Cont’d)
In the Defaults Tab,Choose the Auto-Numbering preferences
Use Smart IDs todenote activity’sinformation. E.g.
PH1F2C001 : Phase 1,Floor 2, ConcreteWorks
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Creating a New Project (Cont’d)Creating a New Project (Cont’d)
To set Project asDefault : Project Menu "Set DefaultProject“.
Display Project Detailsby clicking on the"Show / Hide BottomLayout" icon,
OR
Right-Click on theProject ProjectDetails
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Creating a New Project (Cont’d)Creating a New Project (Cont’d)
To open the Project:
Select the Project in theHome Page
Click on the"Activities" tab in theDirectory Toolbar
OR
Right-Click on theProject "OpenProject"
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Training Task No. 2Training Task No. 2
Create an EPS Node called “Sample Projects” and place itunder the highest level of the enterprise
Copy Project “CHP_NR” (provided by the instructor) into thethis EPS Node
Create an OBS called “Training Program” and place it underthe name of the organization
Make “CHP_NR” the default project
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Adding ActivitiesAdding Activities
1. Click on the“Activities” icon in theDirectory Toolbar
2. Right-Click where youwant to insert the newactivity "Add"ORClick the "Add" iconand follow the WizardstepsORClick "Insert"
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Adding Activities (Cont’d)Adding Activities (Cont’d)
You can also, Cut, Copy,Paste and Delete activitiesusing the Command Bar
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Activity DescriptionActivity Description
The Activity Description should be:
Clear: Spell out the task clearly. Avoid generic descriptions
Complete: Scope adequately covered by the description
Unique: Identify the activity’s specific information
Example:
Electric Fixtures
Light Fixtures
Install Light Fixtures
Install Light Fixtures –5th Floor
X
X
X
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Importing Activities From MS ProjectImporting Activities From MS Project
I. Importing a Schedule ina different format:
1. Select the new Project
2. File Menu Import
3. Choose the format of the file tobe imported
4. Select the type of data toimport as "Project"
5. Enter the destination of the fileto be imported
[File Menu Import]
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Importing Activities From MS ProjectImporting Activities From MS Project
I. Importing a Schedule ina different format(Cont'd):
6. Choose the appropriate importaction: either Update / Replace/ Add into an existing project orcreate a new one
7. Select the Project to which thenew data will be imported
8. Choose what to update or keeponly when updating an existingproject
[File Menu Import]
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Exporting Activities To ExcelExporting Activities To ExcelII. Exporting/Importing an
Activity List in aspreadsheet:Export a spreadsheet that
will be used as a template
into which you can copy your
Activity List, to do this:
1. Open the new Project
2. Create a “dummy” activity
3. File Menu Export
4. Choose the format of the file tobe exported as "Spreadsheet"
5. Select the type of data to exportas "Activities"
[File Menu Export]
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Exporting Activities To ExcelExporting Activities To ExcelII. Exporting/Importing an
Activity List in aspreadsheet:
6. Select the Project to be exported
[File Menu Export]
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Exporting Activities To ExcelExporting Activities To ExcelII. Exporting/Importing an
Activity List in aspreadsheet:
6. Select / Modify the Template
7. Choose the data that you alreadyhave available in your ActivityList. The selected fields willappear in the same order in theexported spreadsheet.
8. Choose the destination andname of the spreadsheet to beimported.
[File Menu Export]
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Exporting Activities To ExcelExporting Activities To ExcelII. Exporting/Importing an
Activity List in aspreadsheet:
9. Copy/Paste your Activity Listand enter other activity data intothe exported spreadsheet.
10. Make sure Column headingsand format is maintained
11. Re-import the exportedspreadsheet with the new datainto P6
[File Menu Export]
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Version 7 – New FeatureVersion 7 – New Feature
MS Excel Import Security
Problem: Global dictionaries can be easily modified if all users areallowed to import data
Previously, users had to be granted “all or none” permission to importdata from other Primavera products, MS Project and MS Excel
Now, administrator can allow importing of MS Excel files while stilldenying permission to import other types of data
Available in both Windows and Web clients
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Training Task No. 3Training Task No. 3
Create a MS Excel export file for schedule “CHP_NR”
Add a new XLS template with the following information inthis order:
Activity ID
Activity Status
Activity Name
WBS Code
Original Duration
Stage
Predecessors
Successors
Save the XLS template as “Training Template 1”
Export both activities and relationships
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Activity TypesActivity Types
In P6, an Activity Type can be either:Task Dependent
Resource Dependent
Level of Effort
Start Milestone / Finish Milestone
WBS Summary
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Activity Types (Task)Activity Types (Task)
Task Dependent Activity
Scheduled only according to the Activity's calendar
When you want to control the Activity's duration yourself
Activity’s Resources are scheduled according to the Activity'sCalendar
Use this Activity Type for all construction / physical activities
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Activity Types (Resource)Activity Types (Resource)
Resource Dependent Activity
Scheduled according to the calendars of assigned resources
Resources are scheduled according to their own calendars
Used when several resources are assigned to the sameactivity, but may work separately, or when availability canaffect Activity's duration
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Activity Types (Level of Effort)Activity Types (Level of Effort)
Level of Effort Activity
Commonly known as Hammocks
Has a duration which is determined by its dependentactivities, from the earliest start of its predecessors to thelatest finish of its successors
Should be linked to its predecessors with a SS, and to itssuccessors with a FF
Overhead-type activities are typically Level of Effort, e.g. SiteCleanup
Can be used for monitoring purposes, e.g. "Project Duration"
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Activity Types (Level of Effort, Cont’d)Activity Types (Level of Effort, Cont’d)
Level of Effort Activity
(Cont'd)
Predecessors: 02 & 03
Successors: 04 & 05
Predecessors
Successors
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Activity Types (Milestone)Activity Types (Milestone)
Start Milestone/Finish Milestone
A zero-duration activity with no resources
Used when an activity is intended to signify thecommencement/completion of a significant stage, rather thana physical work product
Examples : Notice to Proceed, Substantial Completion, etc.
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Activity Types (WBS Summary)Activity Types (WBS Summary)
WBS Summary Activity
Has a duration which is determined by a group of activitiesthat share a common WBS level.
The Activity's duration will equal the overall duration ofactivities assigned to the same WBS level.
Resources that drive activity dates cannot be assigned to WBSsummary activities.
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Activity Types (Cont’d)Activity Types (Cont’d)
To change the Activity Type:
1. Select the activity & showactivity details
2. Click the "General" tab
3. Choose the appropriateactivity type from the dropdown menu
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Training Task No. 4Training Task No. 4
What is the default activity type for Project “CHP_NR”?
Where do we assign the Project Leveling Priority?
How do we open two or more projects at the same time?
There are at least 4 different ways to add an activity in P6;what are they?
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Activity DurationsActivity Durations
To enter/modify Activity's
Original Duration
Select the activity & showactivity details
Click the "Status" tab
Enter the Activity's durationin the "Original Duration"field
OR
Enter the Activity's durationin the original durationcolumn
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Training Task No. 5Training Task No. 5
Create Level of Effort activities in your copy of “CHP_NR”to represent the length of each of the following stages:
Stage 1 (Activity ID “LOE_S1”)
Stage 2 (Activity ID “LOE_S2”)
Stage 3 (Activity ID “LOE_S3”)
Stage 4 (Activity ID “LOE_S4”)
Place each Level of Effort activity in the appropriate Stage
Assign the same calendar to these Level of Effort activities asthe existing Level of Effort Activity ID 40.
Relationships will be added during Training Task No. 8
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Creating the WBSCreating the WBS
1. Open the new Project
2. Click on the "WBS" tabin the Directory Toolbar
3. The Project is by defaultWBS Level 1
4. Click on the "Columns"icon to show the WBSCode, Name & Path
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Creating the WBS (Cont’d)Creating the WBS (Cont’d)
6. Insert a new WBS elementby selecting the WBS levelunder which you want thenew WBS node to existthen click "Add"
7. Enter the WBS element’sname & code. Code isincremented automatically.
8. Change the WBS element’slevel in the hierarchy usingthe arrow keys
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Creating the WBS (Cont’d)Creating the WBS (Cont’d)
Modify the WBSdisplay using the"Layout Options"Toolbar
You can alsoCut/Copy andPaste WBSelements(includingactivities)
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Assigning WBS CodesAssigning WBS Codes
1. Show the new projectactivities by clicking onthe "Activities" tab inthe directory toolbar
2. Click on the "Group &Sort" icon on the"Layout Options Toolbar
3. Organize the Activitiesby the "WBS"
4. Using the Cut & Pastecommands, moveactivities into theirappropriate WBSlocation
5. Also, modify theActivity's WBS locationusing the "General" tab
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Assigning WBS Codes (Cont’d)Assigning WBS Codes (Cont’d)
You can also assign WBScodes by exporting aspreadsheet, filling in WBScodes against activities, thenimporting it back to P6.
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Assigning WBS CodesAssigning WBS Codes
When deleting a WBS
element, make sure you
choose the option “Merge
Elements” to avoid
deleting subordinate
activities together with the
WBS code.
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DatesDates
P6 expands the types of dates that are possible…
Date Field Definition
Start The current start date of the activity.Set to the remaining start date until theactivity starts, then set to the actualstart date. ‘A’ next to the date indicatesan actual start date; ‘*’ indicates that aconstraint is being used.
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Dates (Cont’d)Dates (Cont’d)
Date Field Definition
Finish The current finish date of the activity. Setto the planned finish date until theactivity starts, becomes the remainingfinish date while the activity is inprogress, and then becomes the actualfinish date upon completion. ‘A’ next tothe date indicates an actual finish date;‘*’ indicates that a constraint is beingused.
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Dates (Cont’d)Dates (Cont’d)
Date Field Definition
Early Start The earliest date the remaining portionof the activity can begin. The date isbased on activity relationships, scheduleconstraints and resource availability.
Early Finish The earliest date the activity can becompleted. The date is based on activityrelationships, schedule constraints andresource availability.
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Dates (Cont’d)Dates (Cont’d)
Date Field Definition
Late Start The latest date the remaining portion ofthe activity can begin. The date is basedon activity relationships, scheduleconstraints and resource availability.
Late Finish The latest date the activity can becompleted. The date is based on activityrelationships, schedule constraints andresource availability.
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Dates (Cont’d)Dates (Cont’d)
Date Field Definition
Planned Start The date the activity is scheduled tobegin. Set to the early start date butcan be manually changed by the user.Does not change once an actual startdate is applied.
Planned Finish The date the activity is scheduled to becompleted. Set to the early finish datebut can be manually changed by theuser. Does not change once an actualfinish date is applied.
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Dates (Cont’d)Dates (Cont’d)
Date Field Definition
Remaining Early Start The date the remaining portionof the activity is scheduled toresume. Set to the planned startdate until the activity begins.Can be manually changed by theuser.
Remaining Early Finish The date the remaining portionof the activity is scheduled to becompleted. Set to the plannedfinish date until the activitybegins. Can be manuallychanged by the user.
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Dates (Cont’d)Dates (Cont’d)
Date Field Definition
Remaining Early Start The date the remaining portion ofthe activity is scheduled to resume.Set to the planned start date untilthe activity begins. Can bemanually changed by the user.
Remaining Early Finish The date the remaining portion ofthe activity is scheduled to becompleted. Set to the plannedfinish date until the activity begins.Can be manually changed by theuser.
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Dates (Cont’d)Dates (Cont’d)
Date Field Definition
Suspend Date The date work stopped on the activity forunexpected, but temporary, reasons. Dateis manually entered by the user.
Resume Date The date that work resumes after atemporary suspension. Date is manuallyentered by the user.
Tip: before an activity has any progress the Early Start,Planned Start, Current Start and Remaining Early Start datesare all the same.
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Creating CalendarsCreating Calendars
1. Enterprise Command MenuCalendars
2. Choose Global
3. Click Add to create a new calendaror Modify to edit an existing one
4. Choose the Calendar that you wantto use as a template for new Projects
5. Modify the Work Week
6. Double-click to add work/non-workdays
7. Check in the “Default” Box to makethis the default Calendar for allfuture projects
[Enterprise Calendars]
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Creating Calendars (Cont’d)Creating Calendars (Cont’d)
8. In the main Calendars window,choose Project
9. Add the Global Calendar that wascreated in Step 3 above
10. Holidays will be inheritedautomatically
11. Go back to the Home Page, Right-Click on the new projectProject Details
12. In the “Defaults” Tab, choose thenew Calendar from the drop downmenu
[Enterprise Calendars]
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Creating Calendars (Cont’d)Creating Calendars (Cont’d)
To Assign a Calendar
1. Select the Activity.
2. From the “General”tab, select theappropriateCalendar.
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Training Task No. 6Training Task No. 6
Add a new Project calendar to your copy of “CHP_NR” withthe following attributes:
Calendar Name is “Special 6-Day Calendar”
6-day workweek for all of 2011 and 2012
No work performed during January 2011 or January 2012
Holidays are March 31st, July 4th and November 15th
Workday starts at 7:00 am and ends at 3:30 pm with 30 minutes for lunch
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Activity Coding StructuresActivity Coding Structures
In addition to the WBS, you can group, filter,summarize and sort activities using Activity Codes
You can use Activity Codes in lieu of, or incombination with the WBS
E.g.: Phase, Area, Work type, Specification Division,Subcontractor, etc.
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Activity Coding StructuresActivity Coding Structures
Create the Activity Coding
structure :
Enterprise Command Menu
"Activity Codes"
P6 provides 3 types of ActivityCodes:
Global: can be assigned toactivities in all projects
EPS: can be assigned toprojects within the EPS
Project: can only be assigned toactivities in the opened project
[EnterpriseActivity Codes]
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Activity Coding StructuresActivity Coding Structures
Create the Activity Coding
structure (Cont'd):
Note the difference betweenthe Activity Code and ActivityCode Values
[EnterpriseActivity Codes]
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Activity Coding StructuresActivity Coding Structures
Create the Activity Coding
structure (Cont'd):
1. In the main Activity CodesWindow select "EPS"
2. Click "Modify"
3. A new window will appear, addthe new code & new code’s name
4. Close the window
5. Select the new code from the drop-down menu
6. Add new values to the code
[EnterpriseActivity Codes]
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Version 7 – New FeatureVersion 7 – New Feature
Activity Field-Level Security
Previously, access could only be restricted to Global, EPS and Projectlevels; any user with Project-level access could change any activity
Each user can be assigned edit privileges to only the activity fields theyare required to update, while all others are read only
Activity-level security gives the flexibility to allow users to updatefields such as actual start and finish, percent completes and remainingeffort, while limiting those same users to read-only access to otheractivity-level fields
Available in both Windows and Web clients
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Assigning Activity CodesAssigning Activity Codes
1. Show the Project details byclicking on the "Show/HideBottom Layout" in the"Layout Options" toolbar
2. Click the "Codes" tab
3. Click "Assign"
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Assigning Activity Codes (Cont’d)Assigning Activity Codes (Cont’d)
4. From the top bar, choosethe coding level fromwhich you want to assigncodes, whether Global,EPS or Project
Note: To assign from theGlobal codes, make surethe display Filter is set to“All values”
5. Select the code you wantto assign
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Assigning Activity Codes (Cont’d)Assigning Activity Codes (Cont’d)
6. From the top bar, choosethe coding level fromwhich you want to assigncodes, whether Global,EPS or Project
Note: To assign from theGlobal codes, make surethe display Filter is set to“All values”
7. Select the code you wantto assign
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Version 7 – New FeatureVersion 7 – New Feature
Adding Code Values “On the Fly”
Individuals can now add new code values to the dictionary whileassigning codes to activities, without having to navigate to the activitycode dictionary
User will simply be prompted to specify the activity code value anddescription
Available in both Windows and Web clients
Just like P3!
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Training Task No. 7Training Task No. 7
Add a new Project activity code to your copy of “CHP_NR”and name it “Responsibility”
Assign the following code values to “Responsibility”“TC” (description = “Traffic Control”)
“Dirt” (description = “Excavate Sub Base”
Using the Activity Details in the bottom layout, assign codevalues to select activities
Assign “TC” to all activities with “Traffic Control” in the Activity Name
Assign “Dirt” to all activities with “Excavate Sub Base” in the Activity Name
What are some other ways to assign Project activity codes?
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Adding Logic RelationshipsAdding Logic Relationships
1. Show the Project details byclicking on the "Show/HideBottom Layout" in the"Layout Options" toolbar
2. Click the "Relationships"tab
3. Click "Assign" to addPredecessors / Successors
4. Select the Predecessor /Successor from the list
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Adding Logic Relationships (Cont’d)Adding Logic Relationships (Cont’d)
New logic relationships areFinish-to-Start by default.To change the relationshiptype, double click in the"Relationship Type" fieldthen choose the appropriatetype from the drop-downmenu.
You can only input theRelationship Type & Lag.Other fields areautomatically calculated bythe software.
To customize the displayedcolumns, Right-Clickanywhere in the Predecessoror Successor area.
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Adding Logic Relationships (Cont’d)Adding Logic Relationships (Cont’d)05/12 05/20
FS – Lag 105/22 05/30
FF – Lag 2
05/20
05/22
05/12
SS – Lag 1
05/13
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Adding Logic Relationships (Cont’d)Adding Logic Relationships (Cont’d)
To Add a Predecessor /
Successor to Multiple
Activities
1. Highlight all activities towhich you want to add thepredecessor / successor
2. Click on the "Predecessors"or "Successors" icon on the"Command Bar", as may beappropriate
3. Select the commonpredecessor / successor thatyou want to add to thehighlighted activities
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Adding Logic Relationships (Cont’d)Adding Logic Relationships (Cont’d)
To link a Series of Activities
1. Ctrl-Click the activities inthe order you want them in
2. Right-Click "LinkActivities"
3. They are now linked in theorder they were selected
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Adding Logic Relationships (Cont’d)Adding Logic Relationships (Cont’d)
Dissolve Activity
Deletes the activity but joinsits predecessors to itssuccessors with a Finish-to-Start Relationship
Select the Activity, open theEdit Menu "DissolveActivity"
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Adding Logic Relationships (Cont’d)Adding Logic Relationships (Cont’d)
Logic Networks
To trace activitiespredecessors and successors:
Click on the "Trace Logic"icon in the Layout optionstoolbar
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Adding Logic Relationships (Cont’d)Adding Logic Relationships (Cont’d)
Logic Networks (Cont'd)
To view the overall Project'snetwork, click on the "ActivityNetwork" icon
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Training Task No. 8Training Task No. 8
We will now add relationships for the Level of EffortActivities added during Training Task No. 5:
Stage 1 (Activity ID “LOE_S1”)
Stage 2 (Activity ID “LOE_S2”)
Stage 3 (Activity ID “LOE_S3”)
Stage 4 (Activity ID “LOE_S4”)
Open the Activity Details and click on“Relationships” (hint: this tab may need to be added)
Assign one predecessor and one successor for eachLevel of Effort Activity
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Training Task No. 8 (Cont’d)Training Task No. 8 (Cont’d)
There are at least 4 different ways to addrelationships between activities in P6. What are they?
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ConstraintsConstraintsDefinition:
A Constraint is a restriction imposed on the start or finish date of an activity
It may or may not override logic, depending on the Constraint Type
Should be used sparingly, only to represent external factors that are notwithin the control of the organization, e.g. easements, ADOT ROW, etc..…
Should not be used as “Shortcuts”
Always Document the basis for using the constraint
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Constraints (Cont’d)Constraints (Cont’d)
Constraint Types
Start on : imposes a start date. Can delay an early start or accelerate a late start tosatisfy the imposed date. Unlike the mandatory start constraint, doesn’t violate logic.
Start on or after : Also known as "Start no earlier than". Affects only early dates.Limits the earliest time an activity can begin so that early start date cannot be earlierthan the constraint date. Logic however, may cause the early start to occur later.
Start on or before : Also known as "Start no later than". Affects only late dates.Limits the latest date it can start. When calculating a schedule, it is used in thebackward pass only if the calculated late start date will be later than the imposeddate. This constraint may decrease total float.
Start on or afterStart on or Before
Start on
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 101
Constraints (Cont’d)Constraints (Cont’d)
Constraint Types (Cont'd)
Finish on: Similar to the "Start on". Imposes a finish date. The finish on constraintcan delay an early finish or accelerate a late finish to satisfy the imposed date.
Finish on or after : "Finish no earlier than". Limits the earliest time it can finish sothat the finish of an activity is not scheduled before the imposed date.
Finish on or before : "Finish no later than". Limits the latest time it can be finished.The finish on or before constraint affects only late dates. Reduces Total Float.
Finish on or afterFinish on or Before
Finish on
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 102
Constraints (Cont’d)Constraints (Cont’d)
Constraint Types (Cont'd)
As late as possible : Pushes the activity to start as late as possible without delayingits successors, if it has available float.
Mandatory start / Mandatory Finish : sets early and late dates equal to the dateyou specify. Overrides logic…..Do not Use..!!!!
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 103
Constraints (Cont’d)Constraints (Cont’d)
05/20
05/21
05/20
06/05
Constraint to “Starton or after” 06/05
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 104
Constraints (Cont’d)Constraints (Cont’d)
Constraint (Cont'd)
Always re-calculate the schedule after you apply a constraint.
Always document the basis of the constraint.
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 105
Training Task No. 9Training Task No. 9
Assign a “Finish On or Before” constraint to Activity ID 9999Finish date should be 01/18/12
Change the previous constraint to “Mandatory Finish” with aFinish date of 12/05/11
What happens?
Is it possible to assign a constraint to an activity so that theactivity will appear to be critical at all times?
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 106
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 107
SchedulingScheduling
Click Tools Schedule
OR click F9
Select the Data date
Schedule the project aftereach logic change for it totake effect
Now it’s time to calculate the Schedule
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 108
Scheduling (Cont’d)Scheduling (Cont’d)
In Primavera P3, relationship lag was determined by thecalendar on the predecessor activity
P6 has multiple options for relationship lag:Predecessor activity calendar
Successor activity calendar
24-hour calendar
Default calendar
Progress Override vs. Retained Logic
Float Calculations
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 109
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 110
Grouping & SortingGrouping & Sorting
Click on the "Group & Sort"
icon in the Layout Options
Toolbar
Double-click in the "Groupby" field to select thegrouping data item.
Double-Click on the Font &Color field to modify theformat of the grouping bands
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 111
Grouping & Sorting (Cont’d)Grouping & Sorting (Cont’d)Mark "Show Group Totals"to display the totals per dataitem in the grouping bands(e.g. total budgeted cost perArea)
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 112
Grouping & Sorting (Cont’d)Grouping & Sorting (Cont’d)
Click "Sort" to specify theorder of activities within eachgroup
When done, click "Apply" forchanges to take effect
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 113
FiltersFilters
1. Click on the "Filters"icon
2. Click:
"New" to create anew filter,
"Modify" to edit anexisting one, or
Copy/paste a globalfilter under the "UserDefined" category tomodify it
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 114
Filters (Cont’d)Filters (Cont’d)
3. Enter the Filter criteria; couldbe any activity attribute: Code,WBS or Resource assignment,a Date, % complete…etc.
4. Choose the Filter Parameter,whether you want to filter toshow activities complyingwith ALL or ANY of thecriteria.
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 115
Filters (Cont’d)Filters (Cont’d)
5. Mark against thefilter(s) that you wantto apply
6. Select "All SelectedFilters" or "AnySelected Filter" todisplay activities thatmeet ALL or ANYcriteria specified in theselected filters
7. To revert to displayingall activities, mark the"All Activities"checkbox
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 116
Activity TableActivity Table
1. Click on the "Columnsicon"
2. Choose from theavailable data fields thecolumns that you want todisplay, use the arrowskeys to add/removecolumns to the currentlayout
Click "Edit Column" tomodify the Columnsformat and/or title
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 117
Activity Table (Cont’d)Activity Table (Cont’d)
Columns can be useful in
Adding/modifying activity
details, e.g. :Changing
Activity Codes
1. Click on the "Columns"icon in the Layout OptionsToolbar
2. Choose from the "ActivityCodes" categories thecolumns that you want todisplay using the arrowkeys
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 118
Activity Table (Cont’d)Activity Table (Cont’d)
3. In the activity row, double-click on the activity codeyou want to add/modify
4. Select the appropriate code
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 119
Activity Table (Cont’d)Activity Table (Cont’d)
To view activity groupsummaries, right-clickanywhere in the ActivityTable Choose either:
"Collapse All" : tosummarize all the scheduleto the project level
"Collapse to": to summarizethe schedule up to certainlevel only
"Expand all" to display allactivities
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 120
Fill Down FunctionFill Down Function
You can quickly copy a certainactivity attribute to manyactivities
For example, to assign the samecode to multiple activities:
Highlight the activities,Right-Click "Fill Down"
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 121
Training Task No. 10Training Task No. 10
Create a filter to display all Stage 1 and Stage 2 work
Create a filter to display only activities with “traffic control”in the activity name
What is the difference between longest path and critical path?
Can a schedule have negative float even though there are noconstraints on any activities?
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 122
Customizing the Bar ChartCustomizing the Bar Chart
To Customize the Timescale
View Menu Timescale
OR
Click on the "Timescale“ icon in
the Layout Options toolbar
Enter the Timescale start
Enter the Timescale Interval
Use Timescale Type :Calendar
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 123
Customizing the Bar Chart (Cont’d)Customizing the Bar Chart (Cont’d)
Double-Click anywhere inthe Chart area to return tothe Project start
Click on the Zoomin/Zoom out icons to viewa smaller/larger timeperiod
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 124
Customizing the Bar Chart (Cont’d)Customizing the Bar Chart (Cont’d)
To customize the Bars:
View Menu BarsORClick on the "Bars" icon inthe Layout Options toolbar
Mark the checkbox next tobars you want to show
Modify the shape and colorof the selected Bar from the“Bar Style” tab.
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 125
Customizing the Bar Chart (Cont’d)Customizing the Bar Chart (Cont’d)
Under the Bar Labels Tab,
Click "Add" to select a BarLabel, e.g. Activity Name,Start & Finish Dates, etc.
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 126
Customizing the Bar Chart (Cont’d)Customizing the Bar Chart (Cont’d)
You can add a new bar
style for a certain group of
activities, e.g.:
all activities with a certain
Activity code
1. Click "Add" or copyanother Bar
2. Enter the new Bar’sstyle and criteria
3. Enter a Filter toassociate a group ofactivities with the Bar’sstyle
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 127
Customizing the Bar Chart (Cont’d)Customizing the Bar Chart (Cont’d)
Click on the "Spotlight" icon
and drag it highlight progressduring a certain period
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 128
Customizing the Bar Chart (Cont’d)Customizing the Bar Chart (Cont’d)
Click on the "logic lines"
icon to show logic
relationships in the Bar
Chart
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 129
Customizing the Bar Chart (Cont’d)Customizing the Bar Chart (Cont’d)
Careful when clicking inthe Bar Chart area, logicrelationshipscan be changed…!!
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 130
Customizing the Bar Chart (Cont’d)Customizing the Bar Chart (Cont’d)
Attachment Tools
Add Curtains tohighlight certainperiods of time
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 131
Customizing the Bar Chart (Cont’d)Customizing the Bar Chart (Cont’d)
Attachment Tools
Add text to ActivityNames
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 132
Version 7 – New FeatureVersion 7 – New Feature
Progress Line
A new progress line can be shown on the Gantt chart tographically communicate variances in project progress
The progress line can be displayed with activity current barsand display schedule variance
In addition, the progress line can be drawn on top of baselinebars, plotting the progress point of each activity on itsbaseline bar
The progress line shows where the progress should be relativeto the data date (available in both Windows and Web Clients)
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 133
Training Task No. 11Training Task No. 11
Using your copy of “CHP_NR”, create a new layout with thefollowing attributes:
Timescale is dark green and text is white
Timescale should display dotted sight lines every quarter and solidsight lines at the end of every year
Activity Table should contain the following data in this exact order: Activity ID
Activity Name
Original Duration
Duration Type
Remaining Early Start
Remaining Early Finish
Center align text in each data column
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 134
Training Task No. 11 (Cont’d)Training Task No. 11 (Cont’d)
Group all activities as follows:Activity Code “Stage” is highest level and should have an orange bandwith black text (font size = 14)
Activity Code “Post Mile” is the next highest level and should have adark blue band with white text (font size = 12)
Sort activities as follows:Early Start, then
Early Finish
Filter activities to meet both of the following criteria:Total Float = 0
Activity Type does not include Level of Effort
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 135
Training Task No. 11 (Cont’d)Training Task No. 11 (Cont’d)
Make the following changes to the Gantt ChartMake critical bars purple
Add float bars on Row 2 and make them yellow
Add a curtain for the month of January in 2011 and 2012 and make thefilter light green in color with “/” fill pattern
Save layout as “Training Layout 1”
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 136
Print SetupPrint Setup
File Menu Page Setup
In the "Page" tab, make sure to"Fit Timescale" to 1 page wide
[File Menu Page Setup]
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 137
Print Setup (Cont’d)Print Setup (Cont’d)
In the "Footer" tab specify
Number of sections intowhich the footer to bedivided
Which pages to show thefooter on
Data to be included ineach section
To enter Data into the footer Sections, select the section,Select Data Item form the drop down menu click Add
[File Menu Page Setup]
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 138
Print Setup (Cont’d)Print Setup (Cont’d)
In the "Options" tab
Specify:
Timescale Start
Timescale Finish
Data Items to be printed
[File Menu Page Setup]
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 139
LayoutsLayouts
To open or save layouts:
Click the View Menu Layout
To Create a new layout
1. Open an existing layout thatmost closely resembles theformat of the new layout youwant to create
2. Choose View, Layout, Save As
3. Type a name for the new layout
4. In the Available To field, selecta user category, then click Save
[View Menu Layout]
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 140
Layouts (Cont’d)Layouts (Cont’d)
You can transfer layoutsusing the import/exportoptions
[View Menu Layout]
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 141
Day IIDay II
Defining Resources
Assigning Resources
Analyzing Resources & Cost Usage
Activity Duration Types
Percent Complete Types
EV calculations
Expenses
Updating the Schedule
Creating a Baseline
Recommended Scheduling Practices
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 142
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 143
Defining ResourcesDefining Resources
To Create a new Resource
1. Click on the Resources tabin the Directory Toolbar
2. Click on the DisplayOptions toolbar to filterthe displayed Resources toeither all Projects in theDatabase or the CurrentProject only
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 144
Defining Resources (Cont’d)Defining Resources (Cont’d)
3. Click "Add" to add a newresource and follow theWizard
OR Right-click Add
OR Click "Insert"
You can also Copy/PasteResources from differentProjects.
Use the arrows to move thenew resource to its appropriateposition in the hierarchy
Right-click on the newresource "Details"
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 145
Defining Resources (Cont’d)Defining Resources (Cont’d)
4. Under the General tab, enterthe Resource ID & Resourcename
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 146
Defining Resources (Cont’d)Defining Resources (Cont’d)
5. Under the Details tab:
Enter the new Resource’s type:Labor, Non-labor or Material
Select "Auto Compute Actuals"if you want actual units to beautomatically updated based onthe Activity's % complete
Select "Calculate Costs fromUnits" to generate a "BudgetedCost" based on the ResourceUsage
Select the Resource calendar.The default project calendar isrecommended
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 147
Defining Resources (Cont’d)Defining Resources (Cont’d)
6. Under the Units & Prices tab:
Click "Add" to enter resourcePrice/Unit for certain timeperiods. Example : labor wagesincrease
Enter the Maximum Units/Time:Maximum hours the resourcecan work per day
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 148
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 149
Assigning ResourcesAssigning Resources
1. In the Resources tab of theActivity Details BottomLayout, click "AddResource"
OR
Click on the Resourcesicon on the Command Bar
2. Select the Resource youwant to add
3. Enter the Resource’sBudgeted Units (e.g.Hours)
By default:
Budgeted Cost = Price/Unit x Budgeted Units
Budgeted Units = Units/Time x Duration
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 150
Assigning Resources Budget/CostAssigning Resources Budget/Cost
To Change a ResourcePrice/Unit
Tools Menu RecalculateResource Assignments
Any changes to Resourceinformation will then take effect
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 151
Assigning Resources Budget/CostAssigning Resources Budget/Cost
By Default:
Budgeted Units = Units/Time x Duration
Budgeted Cost = Budgeted Units x Price/Unit
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 152
Importing Resources from “XER”Importing Resources from “XER”
Importing Resources from the Estimating Software
To use the resources created in an estimating software:
Import the "XER" file generated by the estimating software into P6
You can choose to import the resources only into the existing new project
All the new resources will be imported into the shared resource pool
[File Menu Import]
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 153
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 154
Resource Assignment LayoutResource Assignment Layout
Click on the "Assignment"tab in the DirectoryToolbar to displayactivities per resource
To add/remove columns:Right-click on the title bar Columns Customize
The Spreadsheet on theright side shows totals pertime period (BudgetedUnits, Budgeted Cost, etc.)
To customize the Spreadsheet contents : Right Click anywhereSpreadsheet Fields Customize Select from either cumulative values orvalues per time period
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 155
Activity Usage SpreadsheetActivity Usage Spreadsheet
Click on the "Activities"tab in the DirectoryToolbar
Click the "Activity UsageSpreadsheet" icon
Left pane displays theActivity Table, same ascurrent layout
Right pane displaysactivity data in a time-scaled spreadsheet format
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 156
Activity Usage ProfileActivity Usage Profile
Resource total Units orCosts per time period arerepresented as ahistogram
Choose to display usagefor either "All activities"or only "SelectedActivities"
Note that the chartincludes only activitieslisted above in theActivity Table
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 157
Activity Usage Profile (Cont’d)Activity Usage Profile (Cont’d)
Mark the "Time period"checkbox only if youwant to filter the activitytable based onhighlighted periods in thechart
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 158
Activity Usage Profile (Cont’d)Activity Usage Profile (Cont’d)
To customize the chart:Right-click "ActivityUsage Profile Options"
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 159
Resource Usage SpreadsheetResource Usage Spreadsheet
The left pane lists allthe resources or rolesstored in the hierarchy,(depending on thecurrent view).
The middle panedisplays all of theactivity assignmentsfor the resource or rolecurrently selected inthe left pane.
The right pane displays the values for the activities assigned to theresource currently selected in the left pane.
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 160
Resource Usage ProfileResource Usage Profile
The left pane lists all theresources stored in thehierarchy view.
The right pane displaysthe total usage of theselected resource, interms of either units orcosts.
To customize the chart,right-click in the chartarea "ResourceUsage Profile Options”.
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 161
Training Task No. 12Training Task No. 12
Copy Project “Oracle_R” (provided by the instructor) intoEPS Node “Sample Projects”
Determine the hours in the schedule for the followingresources:
Carpenter (“LCARP”) week of 12/13/09
Flatrack (“ETFR”) week of 06/13/10
Link Belt 60T Crane (“EH60T”) week of 04/03/11
Semi Belly Dump (“RT18B”) week of 01/09/11
Equipment Operator (“LO”) week of 07/04/10
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 162
Resource LevelingResource Leveling
Definition
A process that helps you assure there are sufficient resources availableto perform the activities as planned and highlight resource over-allocations or conflicts
The software reschedules an activity, using its available Total Float, tooccur when its resource demands can be met so as the total resourceusage does not exceed its limits
May result in a late Project Finish date if the affected activities wereon the Critical Path
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 163
Resource Leveling (Cont’d)Resource Leveling (Cont’d)
1. Click on the “LevelResources” icon
2. Click “SelectResources” tochoose theresources you wantto level
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 164
Resource Leveling (Cont’d)Resource Leveling (Cont’d)
Before Leveling After Leveling
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 165
Resource LevelingResource Leveling
Before Leveling After Leveling
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 166
Training Task No. 13Training Task No. 13
Select only concrete labor (“LCL”) for leveling
Change the resource usage profile to show only RemainingLate Dates
Increase the maximum units per day for concrete labor to 16hours
Level “LCL” with all leveling options turned offWhat happens to the Total Float?
Level “LCL” with the “Level resources only within activity Total Float” andcompare results
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 167
Resource Leveling (Cont’d)Resource Leveling (Cont’d)
Guidelines
Resource leveling requires a different type of logic; “soft” logic isnecessary to allow enough float for activity dates to be adjusted
Level one resource at a time to determine whether any negative floatis created; if everything is okay, add more resources for leveling, oneat a time
All users (including the client) need to understand that resources aredriving activity dates in addition to the logic
Remember to resource level the schedule after each schedulecalculation (or select option to always level when scheduling)
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 168
Resource Leveling (Cont’d)Resource Leveling (Cont’d)
Guidelines (Cont’d)
Leveling one resource will most likely remove the total float availablefor leveling other resources, so even the order in which you levelresources can change the results
Over-allocation of resources can be used to identify the need for adifferent workday calendar, higher limits, or the need for selectiveovertime
Leveling within the activity Total Float (option) will not allowresource leveling to delay the project
Resource leveling takes a lot of practice to master; start with a fewsimple resources and build confidence
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 169
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 170
Activity Duration TypesActivity Duration Types
Fixed Duration Types
1. Fixed Duration & Units/Time
2. Fixed Duration & Units
P6 provides 4 types of Activity Durations.
Fixed Resource Types
3. Fixed Units
4. Fixed Units/time
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 171
Activity Duration TypesActivity Duration Types
To change the Activity Duration Type:
1. Show the Activity Details in the Bottom Layout
2. Select the "General" Tab
3. Select from the drop-down menu the appropriate Activity DurationType
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 172
Activity Duration Types (Cont’d)Activity Duration Types (Cont’d)
The Duration type only matters when the activity is assignedresources.
The following equation must hold true regardless of whichvariable is updated.
Resource Units = Units/Time x Duration
The Duration Type enables you to control which variables ofthis equation are calculated when you change a value.
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 173
Activity Duration Types (Cont’d)Activity Duration Types (Cont’d)
1. Fixed Duration & Units /TimeResource Units = Resource Units/Time x Duration
Changes
Constant
2. Fixed Duration & Units
Resource Units = Resource Units/Time x Duration
3. Fixed Units /Time
Resource Units = Resource Units/Time x Duration
4. Fixed Units
Resource Units = Resource Units/Time x Duration
Task Dependent Activities.Schedule Drives Resources.Duration overrides Resources(Units/Time or Units).
Resource Dependent Activities.Resources Drive the Schedule.Resources (Units/Time orUnits) overrides Duration.
Fixed Duration Types (Duration drives Resources)
Fixed Resource Types (Resources drive Duration)
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 174
Activity Duration Types (Cont’d)Activity Duration Types (Cont’d)
Resource Units = Units/Time x Duration
321Fixed Units
312Fixed Units/Time
132Fixed Duration & Units
123Fixed Duration & Units/Time
DurationResourceUnits/TimeResource Units
Priority
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Fixed Duration & Units/TimeFixed Duration & Units/Time
Duration (Day)
Units/Time (Hrs/Day)
Units (Hrs)
Resource Units = Units/Time x Duration
40 Hrs = 8 Hrs/Day x 5 Days
5
80
Input80 Hrs
Units
16
When Units were Changed, Units/Time were changed tomaintain the equation, Duration is never recalculated with thistype
5
16
Input16 Hrs/Day
Units/Time
80
10
8
Input10 Days
Duration
80
Duration Overrides Resource Variables (Units & Units/Time)
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 176
Fixed Duration & UnitsFixed Duration & Units
Duration (Day)
Units/Time (Hrs/Day)
Units (Hrs)
Resource Units = Units/Time x Duration
40 Hrs = 8 Hrs/Day x 5 Days
5
80
Input80 Hrs
Units
16
When Units/Time were Changed, Units were changed tomaintain the equation, Duration is never recalculated with thistype
5
16
Input16 Hrs/Day
Units/Time
80
10
Input10 Days
Duration
40
Duration Overrides Resource Variables (Units & Units/Time)
4
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 177
Fixed UnitsFixed Units
Duration (Day)
Units/Time (Hrs/Day)
Units (Hrs)
Resource Units = Units/Time x Duration
40 Hrs = 8 Hrs/Day x 5 Days
80
Input80 Hrs
Units
8
When Units were Changed, Duration changed to maintain theequation, Units/Time remained Constant. Resource variablestake precedence over Duration.
16
Input16 Hrs/Day
Units/Time
80
10
Input10 Days
Duration
80
Resource Variables (Units & Units/Time) Override Duration
10 5
8
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 178
Fixed Units/TimeFixed Units/Time
Duration (Day)
Units/Time (Hrs/Day)
Units (Hrs)
Resource Units = Units/Time x Duration
40 Hrs = 8 Hrs/Day x 5 Days
80
Input80 Hrs
Units
8
When Units/Time were Changed, Duration changed to maintainthe equation, Units remained Constant. Resource variablestake precedence over Duration.
16
Input16 Hrs/Day
Units/Time
80
10
Input10 Days
Duration
Resource Variables (Units & Units/Time) Override Duration
10 5
8
80
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 179
Activity Duration Types (Cont’d)Activity Duration Types (Cont’d)
Resource Units = Units/Time x Duration
Units/TimeDurationDurationUnits/Time Override
Fixed Units
UnitsDurationUnits Override
DurationFixedUnits/Time
Units/TimeUnitsDuration Overrides
Units/TimeFixed Duration& Units
UnitsUnitsUnits/TimeDuration Overrides
Fixed Duration& Units/time
When youchange
Duration, thisvalue
changes...
When youchange
Units/Time, thisvalue
changes...
When youchange Units,
this valuechanges...
ActivityDuration Type
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Activity Duration Types (Cont’d)Activity Duration Types (Cont’d)
Typically Used:
Task Dependent Activity Type
&
Fixed Duration & Units/Time ActivityDuration type
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 181
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 182
Percent Complete TypesPercent Complete Types
P6 provides 3 types of Percent Complete
1. Duration
2. Physical
3. Units
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 183
Percent Complete Types (Cont’d)Percent Complete Types (Cont’d)
To select the Activity's Percent Complete Type:
1. Show the Activity Details in the Bottom Layout
2. Select the "General" Tab
3. Select from the drop-down menu the appropriate Activity PercentComplete Type
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 184
Percent Complete Types (Duration)Percent Complete Types (Duration)
ACTIVITY % COMPLETE = SELECTED % COMPLETE TYPE
1. Duration Percent Complete :
If activity progress can most easily be reported based on original andremaining duration.
The Activity % Complete will equal Duration % Complete, calculated as :
For example, if you have a 10-day activity that has 4 days remaining, it is60% complete.
If Remaining Duration becomes greater than or equal to the OriginalDuration, Duration Percent complete will equal Zero…
[(Original Duration – Remaining Duration) / Original Duration] x 100
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 185
Percent Complete Types (Units)Percent Complete Types (Units)
2. Units Percent Complete :
Progress is reported based on the accomplished work effort (Units) ascompared to how much work remains.
The Activity % Complete will equal Units % Complete, calculated as :
For example, if an activity has a resource assigned 40 Hours, and theresource has actually completed 30 Hours, the activity is 75% complete.
ACTIVITY % COMPLETE = SELECTED % COMPLETE TYPE
[(Actual Units ) / (Actual Units + Remaining Units)] x 100
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 186
Percent Complete Types (Physical)Percent Complete Types (Physical)
3. Physical Percent Complete :
Progress is manually entered by the User.
Choose this type when you want to remove the link between the reported remainingduration and the Activity's percent complete i.e. where progress will be reportedseparately from the remaining duration.
Recommended, especially with Cost loaded schedules, where payment is based onschedule’s reported progress.
Provides a better historical record of the schedule’s progress.
ACTIVITY % COMPLETE = SELECTED % COMPLETE TYPE
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 187
Training Task No. 14Training Task No. 14
Save the existing “Training Layout 1” as “Training Layout 2”
Add columns to the Activity Table for the following percentcomplete types:
Duration
Physical
Units
Activity
Find Activity ID b275.2.a10 using <Control-F>
Select current Early Start date as the Actual Start
Change the Duration % Complete to 50%What happens to the Remaining Duration?
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 188
Training Task No. 14 (Cont’d)Training Task No. 14 (Cont’d)
Change the Duration % Complete to 50%What happens to the Remaining Duration?
Did anything else change?
Change the Physical % Complete to 40%Did anything else change?
Change the % Complete Type to “Physical”Did anything else change?
Change the % Complete Type to “Units”Did anything else change?
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 189
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 190
Earned Value CalculationsEarned Value Calculations
Definition: Budgeted Cost of Work Performed
Earned Value = Budgeted Cost x Activity % Complete
Activity % Complete = % Complete of Selected Type
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 191
Earned Value Calculations (Duration)Earned Value Calculations (Duration)
Example I : Activity 33
Original Duration = 3
Remaining Duration = 1
Duration % complete = [(OD-RD)/OD] x 100 = (3-1)/3 x 100 = 66.67%
Physical % Complete = 10 % (manually entered)
Percent Complete Type = Duration
Budgeted Cost = $1,000
Activity Percent Complete = Percent Complete Type = Duration % = 66.67%
Earned Value = Activity % x Budgeted Cost
= 66.67% x $1,000 = $667
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 192
Earned Value Calculations (Physical)Earned Value Calculations (Physical)
Example II : Activity 103
Original Duration = 3
Remaining Duration = 2
Duration % complete = [(OD-RD)/OD] x 100 = (3-2)/3 x 100 = 33.33%
Physical % Complete = 40 % (manually entered)
Percent Complete Type = Physical
Budgeted Cost = $10,000
Activity Percent Complete = Percent Complete Type = Physical % = 40%
Earned Value = Activity % x Budgeted Cost
= 40% x $10,000 = $4,000
©2012 Construction Science, LLC 193
Earned Value Calculations For PaymentEarned Value Calculations For Payment
Utilizing Earned Value for
Payment Purposes
1. Create a Resource named"Cost"
2. Assign the new resource,"Cost", to all activities that willbe cost-loaded
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Earned Value Calculations For Payment (Cont’d)Earned Value Calculations For Payment (Cont’d)
3. Assign a Budgeted Cost for each activity so as to distribute the ContractPrice over all schedule activities. You should be able to manually entervalues
If the "Budgeted Cost" column does not appear, right-click anywhere in the tabCustomize, then add the “Budgeted Cost" Column
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Earned Value Calculations For Payment (Cont’d)Earned Value Calculations For Payment (Cont’d)
Budgeted Cost of all cost-Loaded Activities should add-up to the TotalContract Price
Act ID Activity NameSchedule of Values Item No.
Total/Activity1.1 … 2.1 …
103 Remove Guardrail x
113 Remove Existing Catch Basins x
62 Remove Median Paving x
15 Remove Embankment Curb x
24 Remove AC x
20 Remove and Replace Mail Boxes
39 Clear and Grub x x
48 Remove Fence
27 Saw Cut AC
Total per Schedule of Values Line ItemContractPrice
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Earned Value Calculations For Payment (Cont’d)Earned Value Calculations For Payment (Cont’d)
A SOV line item can be distributed over a number of activities, but eachActivity's amount should be obtained from only one line item
Contract PriceTotal per Schedule of Values Line Item
Saw Cut AC27
Remove Fence48
xxClear and Grub39
Remove and Replace Mail Boxes20
xRemove AC24
xRemove Embankment Curb15
xRemove Median Paving62
xxRemove Existing Catch Basins113
xRemove Guardrail103
…2.1…1.1Total/Activity
Schedule of Values Item No.Activity NameAct ID
X
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Earned Value Calculations For Payment (Cont’d)Earned Value Calculations For Payment (Cont’d)
Budgeted Costs of all cost-loaded activities should add-up to the Total ContractPrice
The Earned Budget of all cost-loaded activities should add-up to the total "PayApplication" amount
Group / GrandTotals can beuseful forcomparison of theschedule and payapplication
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Earned Value Calculations For Payment (Cont’d)Earned Value Calculations For Payment (Cont’d)
All Cost-LoadedActivities shouldhave a "Physical"Percent completetype
To be morespecific, you cancreate & assign anumber ofresources, eachrepresenting acertain Scheduleof Values LineItem, or possiblya subcontractor
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Training Task No. 15Training Task No. 15
Save the existing “Training Layout 2” as “Training Layout 3”
Add columns to the Activity Table for the following:Labor Units % Complete
Budgeted Labor Cost
Activity % Complete
Physical % Complete
Find Activity ID a70.3.3 using <Control-F>
Select current Early Start date as the Actual Start
Change Activity % Complete to 25%What happens to the Remaining Labor Units?
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Training Task No. 15 (Cont’d)Training Task No. 15 (Cont’d)
Change the % Complete Type to “Units”Does this change remaining hours?What happens to Labor Units % Complete?
Change Physical % Complete to 70%Does this change anything?
Change Labor Units % Complete (column) to 50%
What happens to “Units %” in the Activity Detail?
Instructor will explain options for calculations under ProjectDetails
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ExpensesExpenses
You can use expenses to assignand monitor costs
Go to Enterprise CostAccounts
Click "Add" or use theCopy/Paste options to create anew Cost Account structurereflecting the Project's Scheduleof Values
[Enterprise Cost Accounts]
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Expenses (Cont’d)Expenses (Cont’d)
Expenses can be usedto calculate Earned Value inthe same manner as resources
Under the "Expenses" tab of theActivity Details Bottom Layout,assign a new "Cost Account"
Enter a Budgeted Cost
Earned Value will be calculatedin the same manner as if theExpense was a Resource
[Enterprise Cost Accounts]
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Updating the ScheduleUpdating the Schedule
The Data Date:
The current date based on which the schedule is updated to report actual progressand projects a new completion date.
The calendar date that separates actual (historical) data from scheduled data.
E.g. for Schedule update for period ending March 31, 2008, Data Date should beMarch 31, 2008.
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Updating the Schedule (Cont’d)Updating the Schedule (Cont’d)
To Create a Schedule Update
1. Click the "Projects" tab
2. Create a copy of the Baseline Schedule and rename it
3. Open the new copy of the schedule
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Updating the Schedule (Cont’d)Updating the Schedule (Cont’d)
In the new Project, open the"Status" Tab
Update ONLY the following
Actual Start: If Activity hasactually started, mark the"Started" checkbox and enterthe Actual start Date
Actual Finish
Remaining Duration, ifactivity has started but notfinished : the amount of timeremaining to finish theactivity
Physical % Complete, only ifActivity's Percent Completetype is "Physical"
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Updating the Schedule (Cont’d)Updating the Schedule (Cont’d)
DO NOT Change!
Original Duration
Logic Relationships
Activity ID
Activity Description
Budgeted Cost
Do not record any actualstart or finish dates after theData Date
X
XX
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Updating the Schedule (Cont’d)Updating the Schedule (Cont’d)
1. Tools Menu ScheduleORClick F9ORClick on the "Schedule" icon
2. Enter the new Data Date
3. Click "Schedule"
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Updating the Schedule (Cont’d)Updating the Schedule (Cont’d)
Updating Resources
1. Click on the "Resources" tab
2. Enter the actual resource usage in the "Actual this Period" field
3. The "At Completion" units will be updated as Actual Units + Remaining Units
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Updating the Schedule (Cont’d)Updating the Schedule (Cont’d)
Recording Impacts/Changes in Schedule Updates
All Delay events, Change Orders and any other impacts should be adequately recordedin Schedule updates…AS NEW ACTIVITIES
Earthworks
Foundations
Differing Site Conditions
Foundations
Earthworks
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Updating the Schedule (Cont’d)Updating the Schedule (Cont’d)
Notice of Differing Site Conditions
Foundations
Earthworks
Recording Impacts/Changes in Schedule Updates (Cont'd)
Additional Work
Investigation
Change Order
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Updating the Schedule (Cont’d)Updating the Schedule (Cont’d)
Schedule Update Checklist
Has the Project Completion date or any interim milestone dates change?
Did the Critical Path Change, if yes, why..?
Any Negative Float?
Have all approved Change orders been adequately incorporated?
Have all delay events/impacts been properly recorded?
Any trends worth watching, e.g. a subcontractor consistently delayed, anactivity or area continuously slipping?
Have all schedule changes been explained in the accompanying narrative?
Has the schedule log file been reviewed?
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Updating the Schedule (Cont’d)Updating the Schedule (Cont’d)
To save an electronic copy of the schedule
File Menu Export
Export the Project in "XER" format to the desired location
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Creating a Baseline (Target)Creating a Baseline (Target)
To Create a Project Baseline
Project MenuMaintain Baseline
Click "Add" to create ordesignate a Baseline for thecurrently open project
Creates a copy of thecurrent project as it exists
to use it as a Baseline
Converts another existingProject into a Baseline forthe current one
[ProjectMaintain Baseline]
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Creating a Baseline (Cont’d)Creating a Baseline (Cont’d)
After you designate Baselines in the"Maintain Baselines" window,
1. Go to Project Menu AssignBaseline
2. Assign the Baseline from the"Project Baseline" drop-downmenu
To Create a Project Baseline (Cont'd)
[ProjectAssign Baselines]
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Creating a Baseline (Cont’d)Creating a Baseline (Cont’d)
Note:
When you convert a Project into aBaseline in another project, it nolonger becomes a separate project byitself.
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Creating a Baseline (Cont’d)Creating a Baseline (Cont’d)
To restore a Project that was converted to a Baseline:
1. Remove it from the "Project Baseline" field in the "Assign Baseline" Window
2. In the "Maintain Baselines" window, select the Baseline you want to restore,then click "Restore"
[ProjectMaintain Baselines]
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Creating a Baseline (Cont’d)Creating a Baseline (Cont’d)
Comparing Baseline to Current Schedule:
You can addcolumns ofBaseline Data
…and show BaselineBars
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Recommended Scheduling PracticesRecommended Scheduling PracticesSchedule’s minimum content:
Engineering: significant submittals & shop-drawings preparation & approval
Procurement, Fabrication & Material Deliveries: especially long lead items
Construction activities: scope adequately covered
Schedule Integrity:
Level of detail appropriate for monitoring
Activity Name unique, clear & complete
Smart Activity IDs
Logic driven
Sequence is realistic, achievable, and based on careful scope review
Durations are reasonable
No activities without successors or predecessors
Constraints justified and documented (in Notebook)
Total Float is meaningful