p-1. p-2 outline principles of cellular geo-location why geo-location? radio location principles ...
TRANSCRIPT
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Outline
Principles of cellular geo-location Why Geo-Location? Radio location principles
Urban area challenges
HAWK – suggested solution
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Why Cellular Geo – location?
Because there is no other choice to trace a call when needed: Emergency Homeland security Criminal
Galileo/GPS do not solve: Indoor coverage (70% in Europe and growing) Homeland security
The cat and the bell
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Radio Location Principle
1st Fingerprint
Mobile Unit
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Radio Location Principle
2nd Fingerprint
Mobile Unit
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Radio Location Principle
Correlation to prediction 3rd Fingerprint
Mobile Unit
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Outline
Principles of cellular geo-location
Urban area challenges The urban channel Indoor coverage Multi-Floor – Three Dimensional search space Limitation of Cell ID
HAWK – suggested solution
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The Urban Channel
Mobile Unit
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The Urban Channel
Reflected and diffracted rays from the serving cell to the mobile
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Service Maps In Urban Areas (1)
Each color represents the server sector at the point
Conventional View
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Service Maps In Urban Areas (2)
Each color represents the serving cell at the point
Actual Situation
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Where is the serving cell? (1)
Call Origination Location
View from Call Location towards serving cell 1th Floor
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Where is the serving cell? (2)
View from Call Location towards serving cell
3th Floor
Call Origination Location
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5th Floor
Call Origination Location
Where is the serving cell? (3)
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Call Origination
GSM Range Measurement
Accuracy- 275m
Limitations of Cell ID/ Delay (1)
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0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 30000
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Actual Distance (m)
Delay Based
Distance Estimation
(m)
In urban areas, the range estimation has systematic error due to reflections: - only 48% within nominal accuracy +/-275m - more than 10% with more than 1000m error!
Limitations of Cell ID/ Delay (3)
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Outline
Principles of cellular geo-location
Urban area challenges
HAWK – suggested solution HAWK Configuration and concept Enhanced Fingerprint Concept 3D database
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HAWK Configuration
Communication& Security
Server (CSS)
Management System (MS)
LocationEngine
(LE)
UEtype 1
UEtype 2
UEtype 3
OEa
OEb
OEc
Netw ork A
Netw ork B
Netw ork C
HAWK User EquipmentNetwork Operator Equipment
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Enhanced Fingerprint Concept (1)
HAWK unique solution integrates five sources of information: Multi cell signal strength fingerprint Angle of Arrival (based on existing antennas) Multi-path Fingerprint Topography and geographical features Cell ID + Delay measurement
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Enhanced Fingerprint Concept (2)
HAWK is easily integrated in existing wireless network: No impact on infrastructure relay on information that is collected natively by
the network
HAWK accuracy is more than 30 times better than current cell based solutions
HAWK 3D database allows location up to the apartment level!
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3D Coverage Database
Coverage database contains coverage information per area bin and per building, per floor
Each color represents the received signal strength
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Accurate Channel Analysis
Full ray tracing analysis generates: High accuracy predictions Channel response: enhancement of
the range measurement
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Reminder: Standard Location Area
Cell ID + Range based estimated location
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HAWK Output – 3D Location
Call Origination Estimated Location
Red color represents highest probability of location
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Summary
Urban area contains several challenges to cellular location: Cell ID and range measurements are not reliable Location becomes a three dimensional problem
Enhanced fingerprint combined with accurate 3D modeling provide an efficient, low-cost solution to these challenges
Suggested technology is a “no loopholes” solution: locates any type of mobile phone, anywhere
The HAWK system successfully utilizes this technology in the field for more than two years