Ozone Air Treatment Applications

Ozone Air Treatment Applications

Presentation OverviewPresentation Overview

Ozone & Air Safety Occupied Spaces versus Unoccupied spaces Commercial vs Residential Whole-Home Integrated-Fully (WHIF) Point-of-Use (POU) or (PU) for short Preventative versus Remedial References

Ozone can be used in occupied spaces safely and effectively with the correct dose being applied. Point-of-Use systems make proper dosing difficult so extreme care must be taken to prevent unhealthful levels of ozone in close proximity to living things.

There is a growing regulatory consensus on standards concerning safe levels of ozone.

The latest legislation, California State Assembly Bill AB 2276, sets 0.05 ppm as a safe ozone level for indoor areas occupied for extended periods of time. These standards, which go into effect December 2008 are the toughest globally.

Ozone & Air SafetyOzone & Air Safety

Regulatory Organizatio

n

(PPM) Ozone Concentrati

on

Standards

IOA 0.01 - 0.10

Odor detection

CA EPA & FDA 0.05 “Enclosed (indoor) space intended to be occupied for extended periods time”

EPA NAAQS 0.08 Permissible average outdoor concentration (8 hour)

CA EPA 0.09 “Outdoor” air standard

WHO 0.10 Daily mean standard for 8-hour period

OSHA, NIOSH 0.10 Exposure 8-hour period 6 days per week

WHO 0.24 Adverse health effects likely over time

IOA 0.30 Short-term exposure only

IOA 0.10 - 1.00

Headaches, respiratory irritation, eye irritation

IOA 1.00 - 10.00

Nausea, chest pain, coughing, fatigue, reduced visual acuity, pulmonary edema

IOA 10.00 Dangerous

Ozone & Air SafetyOzone & Air Safety

Ozone & Air SafetyOzone & Air Safety

Ozone Air StandardsOzone Air Standards

Ozone & Air SafetyOzone & Air Safety

Pure Gaseous Ozone - Half Life by Temperature

Pure Gaseous Ozone - Half Life by Temperature

Gaseous

Temp Degrees C/F

Half Life *

- 50/- 58 3 Months

- 35/- 31 18 Days

- 20/- 4 8 Days

20/68 3 Days

120/248 1.5 Hours

250/482 1.5 Seconds

* These values are based on THERMAL DECOMPOSITION only. NO other effects including: wall effects, humidity, organic loading or catalytic effects are reflected in these data.

Average Room Temperature

Ozone & Air Safety - Real World Half Life

Ozone & Air Safety - Real World Half Life

Ozone Buildup in 4015 Cubic Feet 3/11/05 with CD2000P on O2

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0:00 0:05 0:10 0:15 0:20 0:25 0:30 0:35

Time

ppm Ozone

Table 100%

Window 100%

Ozone & Air Safety - Ozone Output AirWaves

Ozone & Air Safety - Ozone Output AirWaves

Ozone & Air Safety - Ozone Concentration & Output

Ozone & Air Safety - Ozone Concentration & Output

Ozone & Air Safety - Ozone Concentration & Output

Ozone & Air Safety - Ozone Concentration & Output

CFM Rate

Ozone & Air Safety - Ozone Concentration & Output

Ozone & Air Safety - Ozone Concentration & Output

Ozone & Air Safety - Ozone Concentration & Output

Ozone & Air Safety - Ozone Concentration & Output

CFM Rate

Ozone is often labeled Smog because most hydrocarbons are difficult to measure accurately.

Since , ozone is accurately measurable, it has long been used as the key indicator of the presence and severity of smog.

When the other components of smog rise, so does the level of ozone.

Ozone and Air Safety - Smog & Ozone

Ozone and Air Safety - Smog & Ozone

AirMaster & AirWave Ozone Levels

Ozone and Air SafetyOzone and Air Safety

Occupied Spaces (occupied by people, (occupied by people, plants or animals)plants or animals) ResidentialResidential CommercialCommercial Hospitals, Extended Care Facilities and PrisonsHospitals, Extended Care Facilities and Prisons Hotels and cruise shipsHotels and cruise ships Work-out facilities and locker roomsWork-out facilities and locker rooms Bars and RestaurantsBars and Restaurants Medical ApplicationsMedical Applications

Unoccupied & Temporarily Unoccupied & Temporarily Unoccupied SpacesSpaces Food storage Food storage Clothing storageClothing storage Smoke damageSmoke damage New construction (VOC’s)New construction (VOC’s) Existing mold remediationExisting mold remediation Operating and clean roomsOperating and clean rooms

Occupied vs Unoccupied Ozone Air Systems

Occupied vs Unoccupied Ozone Air Systems

Occupied vs Unoccupied Air Systems

Occupied vs Unoccupied Air Systems

Occupied / PreventativeOccupied / Preventative UV SterilizationUV Sterilization (254mw) UV (254mw) UV

light has the ability to light has the ability to effect the function of living effect the function of living cells by alter ing the cells by alter ing the structure of the cells structure of the cells nuclear material, or DNA. The nuclear material, or DNA. The end result is that the end result is that the organism can not reproduce. organism can not reproduce.

UV OzonationUV Ozonation (185mw) (185mw) Ozone Ozone physically destroys the cell physically destroys the cell membrane through the membrane through the oxidation process. As an oxidation process. As an added benefit, ozone added benefit, ozone oxidation also alters the oxidation also alters the molecular chain of non-molecular chain of non-organic materials as well. organic materials as well. (VOC’s)(VOC’s)

Unoccupied / RemedialUnoccupied / Remedial CD OzonationCD Ozonation (Corona (Corona

Discharge) CD ozone has the Discharge) CD ozone has the same properties as UV ozone, same properties as UV ozone, but can generate much higher but can generate much higher concentrations. It requires concentrations. It requires acceptable levels of NOx by acceptable levels of NOx by providing dry air feed gas or providing dry air feed gas or a CD design that makes low a CD design that makes low levels of Noxlevels of Nox

Occupied SpacesOccupied Spaces

Centralized Systems Whole-House Centralized Systems Whole-House Integrated Fully (WHIF) are mounted at a Integrated Fully (WHIF) are mounted at a central point of air distribution within central point of air distribution within the HVAC duct work.the HVAC duct work. Residential forced-air heating and coolingResidential forced-air heating and cooling Commercial and industrial air moving and Commercial and industrial air moving and

ventilationventilation Clean room and hospital ventilationClean room and hospital ventilation Sewer off-gas ventilation and deodorizationSewer off-gas ventilation and deodorization

Point-of-Use (PU) are packaged as self-Point-of-Use (PU) are packaged as self-contained table-top or floor units that contained table-top or floor units that service one room at a time. Models vary, service one room at a time. Models vary, some having fans ,others having some having fans ,others having filtration and still others both..filtration and still others both.. Bathrooms Bathrooms Hotel roomsHotel rooms Fire damageFire damage Mold remediationMold remediation

Air Flow SensorActivates ozone lamp with air flow

O3

O3

O3

O3O3

O3

O3

O3

O3

Ozone Lamp

UV Lamp

Control Unit

Whole-Home Fully-Integrated (UV & O3) SystemWhole-Home Fully-Integrated (UV & O3) System

Air Flow

Ozone Lamp Shield

UV ener

gy

Occupied SpacesOccupied Spaces

Ion: This method uses electrostatic attraction of oppositely charged ions and a collector to attract dust particles

HEPA:HEPA: Is an extremely effective Is an extremely effective filtration process HEPA stands for filtration process HEPA stands for High Effenciay Particulate Air Filter. High Effenciay Particulate Air Filter. HEPA typically filters down to 0.3 HEPA typically filters down to 0.3 micronmicron

PCO:PCO: PhotoCatalytic Oxidation is UV PhotoCatalytic Oxidation is UV activation of Titanium Dioxide TiOactivation of Titanium Dioxide TiO22. . This is primarily a surface This is primarily a surface disinfection process.disinfection process.

Occupied Spaces - Other MethodsOccupied Spaces - Other Methods

Whole-Home Selling PointsWhole-Home Selling Points

Pros:Pros: Whole-home treatment - Tied to central HVAC system Invisible operation - inside the ductwork Silent - no moving parts Unobstructed air flow through the duct system Automatic On/Off operation linked to HVAC System

Operation Unlike filters does NOT require more powerful fans

to maintain air flow: NO increased energy use NO restriction of air circulation through the home

Cons:Cons: Dealer installedDealer installed Dealer servicedDealer serviced

Whole-Home Integrated SystemsWhole-Home Integrated Systems

Point-of-Use SystemsPoint-of-Use Systems

Point-of-Use (PU) Systems Point-of-Use (PU) Systems Reduce some airborne irritants and allergensReduce some airborne irritants and allergens Inexpensive Inexpensive Small portable unitsSmall portable units Easy to operate,Easy to operate, Good single point treatment: laundry room, pet roomGood single point treatment: laundry room, pet room

Cons:Cons: Often produce ozone in immediate proximity of peopleOften produce ozone in immediate proximity of people Treats just one room at a timeTreats just one room at a time Harmful to asthmatics and those with lung & heart disease Harmful to asthmatics and those with lung & heart disease Current products soon to be outlawed by California AB 2276Current products soon to be outlawed by California AB 2276

Unoccupied Spaces - Fumigation & Remediation

Unoccupied Spaces - Fumigation & Remediation

Remedial Applications Remedial Applications • • Flood damageFlood damage• • Smoke damageSmoke damage• • New construction (VOC’s)New construction (VOC’s)• • Existing mold remediationExisting mold remediation• • Major odor problemsMajor odor problems

Hog farmsHog farmsMushroom farmsMushroom farmsPoultry farmsPoultry farmsFish processing plantsFish processing plants

Fumigation Fumigation ApplicationsApplications

• • Cold storageCold storage• • Pest control Pest control with Grains with Grains • • Insurance Insurance projectsprojects•• Fresh Picked Fresh Picked FlowersFlowers

Self Contained Mobil Ozone Fumigation Trailer

Unoccupied SpacesUnoccupied Spaces

Remedial Applications Mold Mildew VOCs Smoke

Ozone is safe and effective in the treating buildings contaminated with mold and spores while cleared of humans, pets, plants that would be harmed by high concentrations of ozone.

Ozone concentrations are typically raised to between 10-20 ppm and maintained from 4 to 24 hours, depending on the severity of the problem, prior exhausting the ozone from the building.

In-home fumigation

Unoccupied SpacesUnoccupied Spaces

Cold Storage Applications

Citrus Stone Fruit Vegetables

Controlled atmosphere warehouses store fruit and vegetables in large nitrogen enriched, negative pressured rooms at < 40º F. Ozone can affectively reduce the airborne spoilage spores such as mold, mildew and help reduce surface microorganisms. The proper installation requires: Caution must be exercised with ozone dosage to avoid physicochemical changes to the commodity. Worker safety is paramount. A reliable, high grade ozone monitor must be used to determine safe levels prior to entry as well a personal respiratory devices available.

Recommendations / Comments Recommendations / Comments

Ozone is proven to be effective in many air applications and can be used safely and effectively.

Evaluate you needs: Remedial or Preventative, Point-of-Use or Whole Home

Buy from a reputable company Be safe: don’t expose people to unhealthful amounts

of ozone Check for 3rd party testing: independent lab

results, UL, EPA Ozone will not be effective on mold or mildew

located under carpet or behind most obstacles.

ReferencesReferences

Dr. Charles Sopher, a specialist in the study of gaseous ozone applications

http://www.int-ozone-assoc.org/ATTF.pdf

Medallion Healthy Homes of Canada, Inc

Ms. Beth Hamil, contributing industry professional

United States EPA

AeroQual, Eco Sensor and InUsa all make ozone in air analyzers. Prices range from $500 to $5,000. Eco Badge makes a personal ozone monitors.

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