oyewole olawale cataloguing of books
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
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BIBLIOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF
BOOKS: AN OVERVIEW OF CATALOGUING
Oyewole olawale2014
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CATALOGUING
Cataloguing in simple terms is the description of information resources, bringing out the important features and linking the users with the resources.
TYPES OF CATALOGUING DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUING SUBJECT CATALOGUING CLASSIFIICATION
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DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUING
This is the process of describing information resources by bringing out the essential bibliographic elements as outlined by the Anglo American Cataloguing Rules 2 (AACR2).
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ELEMENTS OF DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUING
Heading/entry/access point Title and statement of responsibility Edition Imprint Collation Series statement Notes area ISBN
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HEADING
The heading could be:1. Author’s name (main
author/joint author)2. Title3. Subject4. Series title
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TITLE AND STATEMENT OF RESPONSIBILITY
The title is the exact title as it is on the book. At times titles include subtitle.
Statement of responsibility refers to the individual or individuals who is/are responsible for the intellectual content of the book.
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EDITION
This refers to the edition statement as seen from the book. Edition statement is written as 2nd ed. 3rd ed. 4th ed. And so on. Note however that there is nothing like 1st edition
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IMPRINT
Imprint includes:I. Place of publication- the exact place and
not country (Ibadan and not Nigeria). Except for United States where the name of both place and city is given
II. Publishers name- the publishers name only, with PLC, and son etc
III. Date of publication-year only
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COLLATION
This can also be called physical description area. The content here includes :
Number of preliminary pages in Roman figures
Number of Arabic pages If the book is illustrated The dimension of the book in
centimeters.
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SERIES STATEMENT
Not all books belong to series. Series are publications produced by the same publisher but for different intended users. If a book is in series it would be written on the book. The series statement is written immediately after the collation inside bracket.
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NOTES AREA
This is an area meant for all types of information that can not be fixed with the elements of description. In books however, this area takes care of Index and Bibliography. So if the book contains the two, they are recorded.
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ISBN
This is a unique number that is issued to the book usually by the National Library. Every standard book should have one, it is an identifier that stamps approval on the book and also on the author of the book. This is the last element included when conducting descriptive cataloguing
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PUNCTUATIONS SIGNS
Title and statement of responsibility area (:) used to separate the title from sub title.
diagonal slash (/) used the separate statement of responsibility and the title of the book.
imprint area- (:) separates the place of publication from the publisher
(,) is used to separate the publisher from the date of publication.
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PUNCTUATION SIGNS CONTD
Collation area:, separate the preliminary pages from
text pages: separate full text pages from
illustrative material; separates the illustrative material
from the dimensionSeries area. ( ) series title is
enclosed in brackets.
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PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF A DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE ENTRY
Akinbo, O How to excel in examinations: a step by step approach/ O. Akinbo.- 2nd ed. Ibadan: University Press, 2014.
ix, 240p. : illus; 23cm (examination series) It includes: Index Bibliography ISBN: 978-978-665-876-9
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SUBJECT CATALOGUING
Once descriptive cataloguing ends the next step is subject cataloguing. This has to do with the process of determining the subject of a book by examining all to relevant pages, in order to arrive at a subject which will be standardized and controlled by a subject heading lists.
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TYPES OF SUBJECT HEADING LISTS
1. Library of Congress Subject Heading Lists (LSCH)
2. Sears Lists of Subject Headings (SLSH)
3. Thesaurus
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PROCESS OF SUBJECT CATALOGUING
If no subject clue from all these parts, consult an expert.
Once the subject is known-
Standardize using subject heading lists (LCSH/SLSH)
Preface, introduction, the text, publishers blurb,
index bibliography
Check through these parts of the book
Title page Table of contents
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A CATALOGUE ENTRY WITH SUBJECT INDICATED
Akinbo, O How to excel in examinations: a step by step approach/ O. Akinbo.- 2nd ed. Ibadan: University Press, 2014. ix, 240p. : illus; 23cm (examination series) It includes: Index Bibliography ISBN: 978-978-665-876-9 1. Education-examinations
This is gotten from the subject heading after the cataloguer has gone through the relevant parts of the book and arrives at a subject, which is then controlled by the subject heading.
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ADDED ENTRIES
In the layout of a catalogue entry, just after the subject is the space for added entries. What are added entries? They are fields or terms that are used to locate a particular book apart from the main entry.
The author’s name is the main entry but at times, a book may be written by more than one author and two authors cannot be used as heading. So the other author (s) names are entered as added entries.
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ADDED ENTRY CONTD
Other added entries apart from joint author (s) are; title and series. They are usually preceded with Roman figure rendering:
Example: I. title II. Joint author III. series
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PRACTICAL IDENTIFICATION OF MAIN ENTRY ADDED ENTRIES
Identify the main and added entries in the following titles:
1. Football in Nigeria by O. Ojo and P. Apan.2. History of the world by P. Obi3. Librarianship in Africa by U. Uzo, R. Oni
and R. Audu4. Information for development by R. Bada.
The book is a part of the information series
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ANSWERS
1. Main entry-Ojo. O. Added entries-Apan. P and title
2. Main entry-Obi. P. Added entry- title3. Main entry-Uzo. U. Added entries-
Oni. R and Audu. R and title4. Main entry-Bada. R. Added entries –
title and series
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SIGNIFICANCE OF ADDED ENTRIES
THIS SYMBOLIZES THAT APART FROM THE MAIN CARD, ADDITIONAL CARDS WILL BE MADE WHERE THE ADDED ENTRIES WILL BE MADE THE ACCESS OR ENTRY POINT JUST LIKE THE MAIN ACCESS POINT IN THE FIRST CARDS.
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A CATALOGUE ENTRY WITH ADDED ENTRIES INDICATED
Akinbo, O How to excel in examinations: a step by step approach/ O. Akinbo.- 2nd ed. Ibadan: University Press, 2014. ix, 240p. : illus; 23cm (examination series) It includes: Index Bibliography ISBN: 978-978-665-876-9 1. Education-examinations I. title II. Series
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TRACING
The combination of the subject and the added entries is called tracing. This means that the book can still be traced by the subject, title, name of joint author (s) and the series.
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THE HIGHLIGHTED AND UNDERLINED PARTS ARE THE TRACING
Akinbo, O How to excel in examinations: a step by step approach/ O. Akinbo.- 2nd ed. Ibadan University Press, 2014. ix, 240p. : illus; 23cm (examination series) It includes: Index Bibliography ISBN: 978-978-665-876-9 1. Education-examinations I. title II. Series
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ADDED ENTRY CARD- first will be for the subject
Education-examinations Akinbo, O How to excel in examinations: a step by step approach/ O. Akinbo.- 2nd ed. Ibadan: University Press, 2014. ix, 240p. : illus; 23cm (examination series) It includes: Index Bibliography ISBN: 978-978-665-876-9 1. Education-examinations I. title II. Series
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ADDED ENTRY FOR TITLE
How to excel in examinations: a step by
step approach Akinbo, O How to excel in examinations: a step by step approach/ O. Akinbo.- 2nd ed. Ibadan: University Press, 2014. ix, 240p. : illus; 23cm (examination series) It includes: Index Bibliography ISBN: 978-978-665-876-9 1. Education-examinations I. title II. Series
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ADDED ENTRY FOR SERIES
Examination series Akinbo, O How to excel in examinations: a step by step approach/ O. Akinbo.- 2nd ed. Ibadan: University Press, 2014. ix, 240p. : illus; 23cm (examination series) It includes: Index Bibliography ISBN: 978-978-665-876-9 1. Education-examinations I. title II. Series
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IF THE BOOK IS WRITTEN BY TWO PERSONS (EXAMPLE)
Akinbo, O How to excel in examinations: a step by step approach/ O. Akinbo and O. Oyewole.- 2nd ed.
Ibadan: University Press, 2014. ix, 240p. : illus; 23cm (examination series) It includes: Index Bibliography ISBN: 978-978-665-876-9 1. Education-examinations I. title II. Oyewole. O (jt auth) III. series
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ADDED ENTRIES IN THIS CASE
The first added entry will be made for the subject, title, Oyewole and lastly for series. So the card for Oyewole. O will be made before that of the series.
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ADDED ENTRY FOR OYEWOLE
Oyewole. O Akinbo, O How to excel in examinations: a step by step approach/ O. Akinbo and O. Oyewole.- 2nd ed.
Ibadan: University Press, 2014 ix, 240p. : illus; 23cm (examination series) It includes: Index Bibliography ISBN: 978-978-665-876-9 1. Education-examinations I. title II. Oyewole. O (jt auth) III. series
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IDENTIFICATION ADDED ENTRIES IN A BOOK WRITTEN BY TWO INDIVIDUALS
As in the example used, the added entries are:
1. Subject2. Title3. Joint Author4. Series
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CATALOGUING AND CLASSIFICATION
A DISCUSSION OF CATALOGUING WITHOUT CLASSIFICATION WILL NOT BE COMPLETE. CLASSIFICATION ADDS MEANING TO CATALOGUING, IT MAKES THE WHOLE PROCESS USEFUL EVENTUALLY TO THE USERS.
THIS PRESENTATION WILL TAKE A BIRD’S- EYE VIEW OF CLASSIFICATION OF BOOKS
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CLASSIFICATION
Classification is as important as cataloguing, the two processes go hand in hand. Cataloguing without classification is a waste, classification adds usefulness to the catalogue. Classification in librarianship simply means grouping of information materials according to subjects for easy retrieval of information.
classification deals with parking and marking of information materials.
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PARKING
Parking has to do with bringing books on related subjects together. As such physics will be close to chemistry, while government will be close to political science. The subject relationship is the hallmark, this helps users to have access to books who share subject relationship. It would not be in the interest of the users if for example books on religion and social sciences are shelved together, what relationship do they have in the area of subject mutuality?
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MARKING
This has to do with giving an appropriate notation so that the books that have been catalogued can be logically arranged and easily retrieved by the users. The marking process allocates the class number for the book, it is this number that gives the right location and address of the book on the shelve. With this, even if the library is as big as two standard football fields, the needed book can be retrieved within a short time with the class number which the marking aspect of classification provides.
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CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES
Classification schemes facilitate the process of classification. Classification schemes are arrangement and outline of main classes of subject, including their divisions and sub divisions in a systematic order with their assigned class number.
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TYPES OF CLASSIFICATION SCHEME
Dewey Decimal Classification Scheme (DDC)
Library of Congress Classification Scheme (LC)
Universal Decimal Classification Scheme (UDC)
Colon Classification Scheme (CC) BLISS Classification Scheme AND THE LIKES. THE EMPHASIS HERE
IS ON DDC.
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DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION SCHEME
Developed in 1876 by Melvil Dewey Groups knowledge into 10 main classes 000-999 Generalities 100-199 Philosophy and
Psychology 200-299 Religion 300-399 Social Sciences 400-499 Languages 500-599 Sciences 600-699 Technology
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DEWEY CONTD
700-799 Arts 800-899 Literature 900-999 History Produced in four volumes Volume 1 Tables and Manual Volume 2&3 Schedules Volume 4 Relative Index DDC uses pure notation
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CLASSIFICATION WITH DDC
Classification should not be done from the index.The index presents a list of all the main subjects
and main aspects of subject with their appropriate classification number, the classification number for further subject division cannot be retrieved from the index.
For example , if a book has the title- Agriculture in Nigeria. The main subject no doubt is Agriculture, the classification number for that which is 630 can be gotten from the index of DDC
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CLASSIFICATION CONTD
But a book with the title – Agricultural Practices in Nigeria will need more than an index to get the appropriate classification number. This is because the classification number for Agricultural Practices is not in the index, the schedule (Vol 3 of DDC) needs to be consulted for that. The index can only lead the classifier to the classification number of the broad subject which is Agriculture, and if the schedule is consulted under 630, more aspects of Agriculture will be outlined with their class numbers and practices will definitely be there. Hypothetical it could be 634.
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CLASSIFICATION CONTD
But that is not all, this is because the title of the book is Agricultural practices in Nigeria. The classification number for Nigeria must also be provided, where can that be found-the index? No-the schedule? No- the table? Exactly the table. The table is also consulted for sub division of all sorts. Presently the DDC has reduced the number of tables to 6 from 7. The table that contains the number for Nigeria is table 2, which is 669. so 669 is added to the hypothetical class number for Agricultural Practices which is 634 to make the complete classification number of 634.669.
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CLASSIFICATION CONTD
The example given illustrates the process of classification:
630 634 634.669
INDEX SCHEDULES TABLES
CLASSIFICATION STARTS FROM THE INDEX TO THE SCHEDULES AND IF NEDDED THE TABLES
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CLASSIFICATION NUMBER AND CALL NUMBER
These two terms are different. Classification number is the number gotten from the classification scheme through the index, schedules and tables, while call number is the classification number plus (in the case of DDC) the first three letters of the author’s surname. For instance if the author of the book Agricultural Practices in Nigeria is Akinbo Olaide, then the classification number is 634.669 while the call number will be (AKI 634.669).
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PLACING THE CLASSIFICATION NUMBER IN THE CATALOGUE CARD
Once the classification number has been retrieved and the author’s name added, it must be placed in the right place on the catalogue card for users to make use of it in locating the book in the library. The next example shows how a complete card looks like.
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A COMPLETE CARD
Akinbo. O Agricultural practices in Nigeria/ O. Akinbo.- 2nd ed. Ibadan: Macmillan, 2014. ix, 120p. : illus; 23cm (Agriculture series) It includes: Index ISBN 978978546436 1. Agriculture I. Title II. Series
AKI634.669