John Marion, Andreas Back, Rita Ison, Frank Kluger, Armand Levasseur, Thierry Pourchot, Olaf Stallman

Overview of Alstom’s Efforts to Commercialize Oxy-Combustion for

Steam Power Plants

5Th Meeting of the IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network

Wuhan, China - October 27, 2015

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 2

Alstom Steam Business OfferingFrom Components to Full Turnkey Power Plants

Experience applied to Oxyfuel power plants

PLANT INTEGRATOR®

Components Integrated Power Package (EP)

Full turnkey plants (EPC)

Power Block (EPC)

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 3

Oxy-fuel technology

Proven Reliable Fuel FlexibilityAlstom offers all major Oxy-Fuel Power Plant components [Boiler,

AQCS, GPU] and integrated turnkey power plants and power blocks

ESP or FF

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 4

Why Oxy-Combustion:Typical CoE for Generation

from Low Carbon Technologies• Robust: developed from existing components

• Flexible : All types boilers, firing systems, fuels Options for operational flexibility Retrofit and “Oxy-Ready” can be addressed

• Scale-up: No constraints anticipated for large commercial units

up to 1000 MWe, high efficiency with ultra-supercritical steam cycles

• Cost competitive: With other CCS & other low carbon generation

• Environmentally-friendly: Near Zero Emissions No new chemicals introduced to plant High CO2 capture rates (>90%)

Typical CoE for Post & Oxy CCS Technologies

Source : Alstom analysis – 2013– New PC power plants with CCS including transport and storage . NEurope

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 5

Large Pilot Plants

Demonstration

Full-Scale

2008

2018/2019

Alstom Oxy-Combustion Development Steps-Combustion Technology

Lab Scale

1990s

<3 MWth

15- 30 MWth

150- 400 MWe

600-1100 MWe

Reference Design Studies

Modeling & Tool Dev.

2012

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 6

First oxy pilot plant with complete train for CO2 separation and capture

• Alstom supplied the Boiler, ESP and other components of the flue gas path

• Technology Partnership with Vattenfallto advance of the Oxyfuel technology

Operation started September 2008 • Very successful – operated extensively

and reliably

• Tests with two lignites (low/high sulfur)

• Test phases with Alstom Burners (Design A+B) finished

• Detailed performance data and operational experience

30 MWth Oxy-Combustion Pilot Plant at Vattenfall’s Schwarze Pumpe station, Germany

Alstom Oxy-boiler

Alstom Oxy-burner

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 7

15 MWth Oxyfuel Pilot Plant Alstom Labs, Windsor, CT, USA

Comprehensive Program :• 5 Years (Sept. 2008 – April 2014)• ~21.5 MUSD

Large Pilot Completed:• Evaluated the impacts of different oxy

process options and boiler design parameters• Detailed perfromance data (combustion, heat

transfer, pollutant emissions, deposition, corrosion …)

• Coals tested (Low S Bit (WV), High S Bit (IL), Sub-bit (WY), Lignite (ND, DE)

• Evaluated, improved, and validated engineering and computational tools

Scale-Up Completed: • Development of design guidelines• Large-scale Reference Designs• Demonstration Design• Ready for large demonstration

Oxy-Combustion Pilot with AQCS & GPU – Alstom, Windsor, CT, USA

NDIC

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 8

Alstom 15MWth BSFND Lignite Long-Term Testing

Oxy

Air

Ability to control heat flux profileand furnace absorption

Alstom Oxyfuel Pilot Plant Example of Results

Detailed In-Furnace Mapping • Gas Temperature• Gas Composition • Heat Flux• CFD Validation

Optimize Thermal Performance

Lower NOx During Oxy-firing

Pollutant Control • Hg control injection

of PAC • SO3 control injection

of Na-based and Ca- based additives

Combustion & Emissions

Wealth of knowledge gained on design, performance and operation of large pilots

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 9

Oxy CFD Model Development

LES Modeling EvaluationU of Utah Results and Animations of Unsteady Combustion (O2 conc.)

0.5Mw 15Mw 30MW Full-Scale

Fluent Validation and Scale-up

• Upgrade of Submodels• Evaluation and Refinement Using

Experimental Data• Verification Analysis

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 10

Oxy-PC Pilot Testing - Optimized Integration with Boiler, AQCS, FGC, and GPU

ESP at Schwarze Pumpe Oxy Pilot

Alstom NID™Dry Flue Gas Desulfurization

Alstom Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization

Alstom Flue Gas Condenser

Alstom Mobile Pilot Gas Processing Unit

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 11

GPU Container Test Set-up

Gas Analysis (FTIR)

Control room

Gas mixing and humidifier

Power converterContainer 2 Storage

Container 1

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 12

CO2 Recovery Rate and Purity

TEST CAMPAIGN #1&2

Design

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 13

Mercury Removal over Carbon Bed

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 14

Oxy Boiler Island – The Overall PictureTracking the Flue Gas Components Main Path

100% = Exit Steam Generator GGH

Air Emission reduction >90% for SO2, NOx and Mercury compared to a non-CCS Plant due to additional process steps in the GPU

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 15

Oxy-firing Integrated ApproachReference Plant work

• Globally optimize cost of electricity

• Balance trade-offs between main subsystems (performance and costs)

• Integration of flue gas cleaning strategy

• Optimize heat integration• Optimize operation and

controls• Optimize arrangement and

minimize footprint

Plant or Integrated Boiler island DCS

Optimization of FG composition along the oxy-chain

Thermal

Process

Operation

Layout

Plant or Integrated Boiler island DCS

Optimization of FG composition along the oxy-chain

Thermal

Process

Operation

Layout

Plant or Integrated Boiler island DCS

Optimization of FG composition along the oxy-chain

Thermal

Process

Operation

Layout

Plant or Integrated Boiler island DCS

Optimization of FG composition along the oxy-chain

Thermal

Process

Operation

Layout

Guides the R&D and defines future commercial design

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 16

Dynamic Model Development

Detailed Oxy Boiler Model

Total Oxy Capture Plant

Model

Aspen Dynamics Platform• Detailed boiler model• Overall oxy capture

plant modelDynamic Simulation

• Assess transient response– Operating modes– Load changes– Failure behavior

• Design advanced controls

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 17

Oxy-firing Integrated ApproachReference concept with integration

Design Basis• Oxy-Combustion Power Plant 900 MW

(Steam Cycle : 600°C / 620°C / 275 bar• Bituminous Coal • Direct cooling (power plant, ASU, GPU)• 90% CO2 Capture - Specification for Storage • Base load operating regime• Flexibility in oxy-mode down to 40%

Estimated Plant Performance Net Eff. (LHV) Net Output

Conventional Air-Fired Plant (No Capture) 46.2% 836 MWOxy Capture Plant – Not Integrated 34.0% 618 MWOxy Capture Plant – Integrated 37.1% 673 MW

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 18

Summary:• Largest Oxy-Combustion CCS

project worldwide: c.a. 450MWe (gross)

• New ultra-supercritical coal-fired power plant with full stream treatment

• Biomass co-firing : zero - or near zero - CO2 emissions

• CO2 Transport and offshore Storage network by National Grid

• 90% CO2 capture-rate

• Located at Drax Power Station in North Yorkshire, UK

White Rose OPP Demonstration Project

Oxy-Power Plant

CO2 Transport & Storage

Location: Drax Power Station, North Yorkshire, UK

Key Project Stakeholders:

Alstom

Drax

BOC-Linde National Grid

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 19

White Rose OPP Demonstration Project: October 2015

Update:• Selected by European Commission for NER300 Funding July 8, 2014

• Preferred bidder under UK’s £1Bn CCS Commercialisation Program

• Technical FEED substantially completed as of January 2015−Permitting process for the Oxy-combustion power plant on-going−Engaged with National Grid Carbon on project CO2 transportation

and storage solution development• Capital formation progressing with the funding community

• Continuing work with the UK Government towards a Project Contract and Contract for Difference (CfD)

• UK CCS commercialization program scheduled to make decisions on White Rose Q1 2016.

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 20

USC OPP & Heat Integration with ASU• Heat integration serves two

purposes: − Cooling for ASU

compressor intercoolers,

− Transferring this heat to the water steam cycle

• Several option studied pre-FEED and during FEED

• After the condensate pumps the flow is divided in two:

~70 % to the LP heaters ~30% to the ASU exchangers

• heated from ~30°C to 145°C

• Turbine extraction steam flow is reduced

• Selected option recovers up to 40 MW thermal

White Rose OPP Demonstration Project

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 21

Concluding Remarks: Oxy-Combustion

• Successfully developed over the past ten+ years • Alstom oxy pilots have provide a sound foundation for

commercial-scale design• Alstom has addressed all major components and their

integration• Total plant integration is needed to optimize performance and

minimize the CoE of oxy power plants• Cost competitive with other fossil and non-CO2 generation• Alstom is ready to demonstrate oxy-combustion at large-scale

under real commercial conditions • The White Rose project in the UK is a

promising opportunity providing a key step for commercialization

© ALSTOM 2015. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

5th IEAGHG International Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network, Wuhan, China, J. Marion October 27, 2015 P 22

Acknowledgements and Disclaimer

AcknowledgementSome of work presented was supported by the US Department of Energy through the National Energy Technology Laboratories under Agreement DE NT-0005290. The guidance and direction of NETL Project Managers Steve Mascaro and Tim Fout is acknowledged and appreciated.

DisclaimerParts of this presentation were prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.

Information disclosed herein is furnished to the recipient solely for the use thereof as has been agreed upon with ALSTOM and all rights to such information are reserved by ALSTOM. The recipient of the information disclosed herein agrees, as a condition of its receipt of such information, that ALSTOM shall have no liability for any direct or indirect damages including special, punitive, incidental, or consequential damages caused by, or arising from, the recipient’s use or non-use of the information

THANKS TO MANY PARTNERS WHO HAVE SUPPORTED AND/OR WORKED WITH ALSTOM ON THE EFFORTS PRESENTED. PARTICULAR ACKNOWLEGEMENT TOUK DECC, US DOE NETL, EU NER, EU RFCS