Oven with generator on the left Oven with generator on the left middle (vessels in the center)middle (vessels in the center)

11mm diameter11mm diameter 33mm diameter33mm diameter

E Field DistributionE Field Distribution(Input Signal: 2.45GHz, 1 watt)(Input Signal: 2.45GHz, 1 watt)

11mm diameter11mm diameter 33mm diameter33mm diameter

Variation of E Field Variation of E Field

11mm11mm 33mm33mm

Configuration of MARSConfiguration of MARS

33mm diameter33mm diameter 11mm diameter11mm diameter

E Field Distribution in MARS Oven E Field Distribution in MARS Oven (DI-Water 25degC)(DI-Water 25degC)

Relationship of Permittivity of Relationship of Permittivity of DI-Water withDI-Water with Temperature Temperature

Permittivity of Water VS Permittivity of Water VS Temperature (at 2.45GHz)Temperature (at 2.45GHz)

Measurements of the Precursor Solution at various Measurements of the Precursor Solution at various Temperature (e’)Temperature (e’)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Freq [GHz]

Real

Per

mitt

ivit

y

e' (28. 4degC)e' (34. 0degC)e' (38. 7degC)e' (47. 4degC)e' (52. 1degC)e' (56. 0degC)e' (61. 0degC)e' (65. 5degC)e' (69. 9degC)e' (73. 9degC)e' (81. 4degC)

Measurements of the Precursor Solution at various Measurements of the Precursor Solution at various Temperature (e’’)Temperature (e’’)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Freq [GHz]

Imag

inar

y Pe

rmit

tivi

ty

e' ' (28. 4degC)e' ' (34. 0degC)e' ' (38. 7degC)e' ' (47. 4degC)e' ' (52. 1degC)e' ' (56. 0degC)e' ' (61. 0degC)e' ' (65. 5degC)e' ' (69. 9degC)e' ' (73. 9degC)e' ' (81. 4degC)

Extrapolation of permittivity of Precursor Solution at Extrapolation of permittivity of Precursor Solution at 175degC175degC

e’e’ e’’e’’

Permittivity of the precursor and DI-Permittivity of the precursor and DI-water water

e’e’ e’’e’’ loss tanloss tangent gent (e’/(e’/e’’)e’’)

precursor precursor solution solution

175deg175degC C

81 81 84.6 84.6 1.044 1.044

28degC28degC 39 39 22 22 0.563 0.563

DI-water DI-water 175deg175degCC

39 39 0.386 0.386 0.0099 0.0099

25degC25degC 78 78 10.3 10.3 0.132 0.132

E Field Distribution of MARS-5E Field Distribution of MARS-5(separate pictures)(separate pictures)

Comparison of E Field maximaComparison of E Field maxima

DiscussionDiscussion

Given other same conditionsGiven other same conditions

E field at middle plane of the reactor is higher than the E field at middle plane of the reactor is higher than the bottombottom

E field for precursor is lower than water (due to higher loss E field for precursor is lower than water (due to higher loss tangent of precursor)tangent of precursor)

For water, temperature goes up -> loss tangent goes down For water, temperature goes up -> loss tangent goes down -> E field goes up-> E field goes up

For precursor, temperature goes up -> loss tangent goes up For precursor, temperature goes up -> loss tangent goes up -> E field goes down-> E field goes down

For MARS-5 oven, E field maxima for 33mm reactor is lower For MARS-5 oven, E field maxima for 33mm reactor is lower than 11mm reactorthan 11mm reactor

Power with time of MARS for silicalite synthesisPower with time of MARS for silicalite synthesis

25degC25degC

(at the (at the beginning)beginning)

175degC175degC

(when stable)(when stable)

11mm diameter11mm diameter 600W 600W 90W(averaged) 90W(averaged)

33mm diameter33mm diameter 600W 600W 135W(averaged) 135W(averaged)

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300

400

500

600

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Time (s)

Mic

row

av

e P

ow

er

(W)

MARS-5 11 mm diameter

MARS-5 33 mm diameter

Maxima E field in MARSMaxima E field in MARSfor precursor solutionfor precursor solution

Normalized with sqrt(power) Normalized with sqrt(power)

Precursor Solution Precursor Solution E fieldE field

maxima (V/m)maxima (V/m)

bottom of the bottom of the vesselvessel

E fieldE field

maxima (V/m) maxima (V/m)

middle of the vessel middle of the vessel

11 mm 11 mm diameter diameter

175degC 175degC 280 280 950 950

28degC 28degC 1300 1300 3700 3700

33 mm 33 mm diameter diameter

175degC 175degC 140 140 330 330

28degC 28degC 900 900 1300 1300