Stainless steel semi-finished material: billets, blooms, ingots and slabs

2 - Stainless steel semi-finished material: billets, blooms, ingots and slabs

Melting and Casting billets, blooms, ingots and slabs

SMACCOutokumpus UK meltshop in Sheffield, SMACC (Stainless Melting and Continuous Casting), is a global supplier of semi-finished stainless long and flat products. With the flexibility to produce billet, bloom, ingot and slab in a wide range of sizes and stainless steel grades, coupled with experience and expertise, we provide customers with an excellent level of service.

Since the discovery of a 12% Cr martensitic stainless steel by Harry Brearley in 1913, Sheffield has been considered the home of stainless steel: In 2013 we celebrated the centenary of stainless production in Sheffield, and we remain committed to the production and develop-ment of new grades and products.

At SMACC we are continually improving the product and performance so that today we provide our customers with an extensive range of stainless steel grades with an on-time arrival performance of over 90%.

Stainless steel semi-finished material: billets, blooms, ingots and slabs - 3

Degerfors StainlessDegerfors Stainless is located in the heart of Sweden and is a high-quality producer of rolled and forged billets and bars in a wide range of stainless steel grades, from standard to high alloyed special stainless steel grades. The products are used across various quality-critical industries, worldwide.

Manufacturers around the world choose semi-finished martensitic, austenitic and duplex stainless steel from Degerfors Stainless for demanding applications in highly corrosive environments where strong, durable stainless steel grades are of the utmost importance. The stainless steel is used for a wide range of applications, from smaller products such as screws, flanges, springs, antennas and welding consumables, up to forgings and the production of seamless tube and pipe.

Steel production in Degerfors ranges back to 1660, when a forging hammer and two hearths were installed. During the years, the production expanded significantly and Degerfors now consist of two mills (both mills are part of Outokumpu), of which Degerfors Stainless is one. Stainless steel production started in the 1960s and is today the main product.

Hot rolling and forging billet and heavy bar

4 - Stainless steel semi-finished material: billets, blooms, ingots and slabs

Our product portfolio

Raw materialsStainless steel production is scrap based, utilising up to 85-90% recycled material.

Cast billetBillets can be supplied in the ground or unground condition.

Electric Arc FurnaceThe 130 tonne, 90 MVA furnace can process stainless scrap into molten feedstock at 1650C in 90 minutes.

Cast slabSlabs can be delivered in the ground or unground condition with a maximum weight of 30 tonnes.

Argon Oxygen DecarburisationIn the AOD vessel the melt is decarburised and the chemical composition is adjusted.

Cast bloomBlooms are delivered in the unground condition.

Ladle Arc FurnaceAt the LAF final chemical composition and temperature are adjusted and homogenised ready for casting.

Continuous CastingSMACC has two continuous casters: one slab and bloom combi-caster, and one six-strand billet caster equipped with elec-tromagnetic stirring to enhance internal quality.

Cross-section Length

127 x 127 3800-12000

140 x 140 3800-12000

150 x 150 3800-12000

180 x 180 3800-12000

200 x 200 3800-12000

Cross-section Length

300 x 400 2000-12000

Thickness Width Length

170 960-1575 4000-12000

200 960-1575 4000-12000

300 700-1575 3200-6600

All dimensions in mm

Cast products

Stainless steel semi-finished material: billets, blooms, ingots and slabs - 5

Forged and rolled products

ReheatingThe feedstock for the rolled and forged billets, is bloom or ingot. The process starts with reheating the cast products in our eight oxy-fuel heated pit furnaces.

Roughing millOnce heated, the material passes through a roughing mill where the outgoing product is a rough square. The entire heating and rolling process is carefully controlled.

Rolling millAfter the roughing mill the stain-less steel is rolled to its final shape and dimension. Processing of the final product such as heat treatment or surface preparation can be added.

ForgingOur billets can be supplied in both rolled and forged format, where blooms and ingots serve as the feedstock. Forging can also be used as a mid-step for some products.

Ingot castingLiquid steel is uphill teemed into cast iron moulds. Our ingots are normally square but other ingot shapes and sizes can be considered on enquiry.

Weight, tonnes

Upper size, mm

Lower size, mm

5.6 629 x 629 452 x 452

19.6 765 x 1773 621 x 1632

Rolled or forged billets and heavy barsBillets are produced with round or square cross-section and can be supplied in the unground, fully ground, spot/corner ground, peeled or turned condition.

Heat TreatmentAll products can be post-production heat treated to meet our customers requirements.

TolerancesWe work with our customers to tailor our production tolerances to their specifications.

Route Shape Size, mm Length, m

Rolled Round 75-270 3-12

Rolled Square 75-250 3-12

Forged Round 150-400 3-12

Forged Square 150-300 3-12

6 - Stainless steel semi-finished material: billets, blooms, ingots and slabs

A range of stainless grades a world of possibilitiesOutokumpu is a global leader in providing stainless steels, with an extensive portfolio encompassing standard grades, grades with tailored microstructures, and highly alloyed grades for demanding applications. The grades listed in the following pages are examples of current grades in production: additional or amended grades could be considered upon enquiry.

Duplex gradesOutokumpu is one of the largest producers of duplex stainless steels, which combine the advantageous properties of austenitic and ferritic grades, resulting in a product that has increased strength, enhanced resistance to stress corrosion cracking and improved price stability when compared to austenitic grades with the same corrosion resistance.

LDX 2101/1.4162This lean duplex grade has higher resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion and SCC (stress corrosion cracking) compared to 4307, combined with excellent machinability.

2304/1.4362 (F 68)Replaces 4404/4432 (316L), especially where there is a risk of stress corrosion cracking or when higher mechanical strength is needed.

LDX 2404/1.4662A duplex stainless steel with high contents of chromium and nitrogen. This grade combines a higher mechanical strength than for other common duplex grades with a generally high corrosion resistance.

2205/1.4462 (F 51 and F 60)The most commonly used duplex grade combines good corrosion resistance with high strength. Our 2205 can be supplied as UNS S31803 and S32205.

2507/1.4410 (F 53) and 4501/1.4501 (F 55)Two superduplex grades used for the most demanding environments such as the petrochemical and chemical industries.

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High performance austenitic gradesHigh performance austenitic stainless steel grades contain higher quantities of chromium, nickel, molybdenum and nitrogen, providing enhanced corrosion resistance and physical properties.

904L/1.4539 (F 904L)904L is a 25% nickel austenitic stainless steel alloyed with copper for use in acidic and chloride containing environments.

254 SMO/1.4547 (F 44)254 SMO is an Outokumpu-developed superaustenitic stainless steel with superior resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, and improved performance in marine environments.

654 SMO/1.4652Being the most corrosion resistant stainless steel grade in the world, 654SMO, a superaustenitic with 7% Mo, can compete in term of corrosion resistance with the nickel base alloys.

High temperature austenitic gradesHigh temperature grades are designed for temperatures exceeding 550C used for temperature ranges where creep strength and high temperature corrosion are design factors.

4845/1.4845 (F 310, F 310H)A common high temperature stainless grade for use at temperatures up to 1100C.

253 MA/1.4835 (F 45)253 MA is an excellent choice for high to very high temperatures (8501100C). The excellent mechanical strength at high temperatures allows higher loads or thinner wall thickness compared to more commonly used high temperature stainless grades such as 309S and 310S.

A selection of stainless steel gradesOutokumpu International steel designation Typical chemical composition, %

steel name EN ASTM UNS ASTM A182 C N Cr Ni Mo Others

4310 1.4310 301 S30100 0.10 17 7

4372 1.4372 201 S20100 0.05 0.20 17 4 7Mn

43011 1.4301 304 S30400 F 304 0.04 18.1 8.1

43071 1.4307 304L S30403 F 304L 0.02 18.1 8.1

4311 1.4311 304LN S30453 F 304LN 0.02 0.14 18.5 9.2

4541 1.4541 321 S32100 0.04 17.3 9.1 Ti

4550 1.4550 347 S34700 F 347 0.05 17.5 9.5 Nb

43051 1.4305 303 S30300 0.05 17.3 8.2 S

4303 1.4303 305 S30500 0.04 17.7 12.5

4567 1.4567 (304Cu) S30430 0.01 17.7 9.7 3Cu

44011 1.4401 316 S31600 F 316 0.04 17.2 10.1 2.1

44041 1.4404 316L S31603 F 316L 0.02 17.2 10.1 2.1

44361 1.4436 316 F 316 0.04 16.9 10.7 2.6

44321 1.4432 316L S31600 F 316L 0.02 16.9 10.7 2.6

4435 1.4435 316L 0.02 17.3 12.6 2.6

4571 1.4571 316Ti S31635 F 316Ti 0.04 16.8 10.9 2.1 Ti

4578 1.4578 (316Cu) 0.02 16.9 10.7 2.1 Cu

43162 1.4316 308 S30800 0.05 19.5 10

48292 1.4829 309 S30900 0.03 23.5 13

4948 1.4948 304H S30409 F 304H 0.05 18.1 8.3

4878 1.4878 321H S32109 F 321H 0.05 17.3 9.1 Ti

4833 1.4833 309S S30908 0.06 22.3 12.6

4828 1.4828 0.04 20 12 2Si

253 MA 1.4835 S30815 F 45 0.09 0.17 21 11 1.6Si, Ce

4845 1.4845 310S S31008 F 310, F 310H 0.05 25 20

4841 1.4841 314 S31400 0.07 24.5 19.5 2Si

4438 1.4438 317L S31703 F 317L 0.02 18.2 13.7 3.1

904L 1.4539 904L N08904 F 904L 0.01 20 25 4.3 1.5Cu

254 SMO 1.4547 S31254 F 44 0.01 0.20 20 18 6.1 Cu

654 SMO 1.4652 S32654 0.01 0.50 24 22 7.3 3.5Mn Cu

4000 1.4000 410S S41008 0.03 12.5

4105 1.4105 430F S43020 F 430 0.08 16.5 S

4016 1.4016 430 S43000 F 430 0.05 16.2

45112 1.4511 430Nb 0.02 16.2 Nb

4006 1.4006 410 S41000 F 6a 0.12 12

4005 1.4005 416 S41600 0.10 13 S

4021 1.4021 420 S42000 0.20 13

4028 1.4028 420 S42000 0.30 12.5

4057 1.4057 431 S43100 0.1 16 1.75

4313 1.4313 S41500 F 6NM 0.03 12.5 4.1 0.6

45421 1.4542 630 S17400 0.02 15.5 4.8 3.4Cu Nb

4568 1.4568 631 S17700 0.08 17 7 1Al

LDX 2101 1.4162 S32101 0.03 0.22 21.5 1.5 0.3 5Mn Cu

3RE60 1.4424 S31500 0.02 18.5 4.75 2.75 1.5Si

2304 1.4362 S32304 F 68 0.02 0.10 23 4.8 0.3 Cu

LDX 2404 1.4662 S82441 0.02 0.27 24 3.6 1.6 3Mn Cu

2205 1.4462 S322053 S32205 F 51, F 60 0.02 0.17 22 5.7 3.1

22092 S39209 0.03 0.15 22 8 3

4501 1.4501 S32760 F 55 0.02 0.27 25.4 6.9 3.8 W Cu

2507 1.4410 S32750 F 53 0.02 0.27 25 7 4

F91 1.4903 K90901 F91 0.08 9 1

F92 1.4901 K92460 F92 0.08 9 0.45 1.75W, Nb, VOth

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1 Available as machinability improved grade; Prodec 2 Typical grade for welding filler

8 - Stainless steel semi-finished material: billets, blooms, ingots and slabs

Forever: Sustainable stainlessThe current average recycled content for stainless steel produced by the Outokumpu Group is over 85%; 25% higher than the global stainless industry average of 60%. This is achieved by recovering metals during the production process, reducing waste and improving material efficiency. These excellent recycling characteristics mean that stainless steels are key materials for creating a sustainable society. At Outokumpu we work with our customers and partners to create long lasting solutions for the tools of modern life and the worlds most critical problems: clean energy, clean water and efficient infrastructure. Because we believe in a world that lasts forever.

Quality assuranceOur manufacturing programme is supported by in-house product inspection and testing, and the extensive experience of our technical team. Our business is accredited to recognised international standards, including:

Billets, blooms, ingots and slabs: ISO 9001 & 14001 - TV Nord BS OHSAS 18001 - TV Nord AD 2000 Merkblatt W0/TRD 100 - TV Nord PED 97/23/EC ASME MO QSC 713 Approvals from DNV, Germanischer Lloyd, Lloyds Register

Rolled and forged billets: ISO 9001 TV Nord AD 2000 Merkblatt W0 - TV Nord 1.4462, S31803 Lloyds Register PED 97/23/EC

Outokumpu International steel designation Typical chemical composition, %

Steel Name EN ASTM UNS ASTM A182 C N Cr Ni Mo Others

4310 1.4310 301 S30100 0.10 17 7

4372 1.4372 201 S20100 0.10 0.2 16.2 3.7

43011 1.4301 304 S30400 F 304 0.04 18.1 8.1

43071 1.4307 304L S30403 F 304L 0.02 18.1 8.1

4311 1.4311 304LN S30453 F 304LN 0.02 0.14 18.5 9.2

4541 1.4541 321 S32100 0.04 17.3 9.1 Ti

4550 1.4550 347 S34700 F 347 0.05 17.5 9.5 Nb

43051 1.4305 303 S30300 0.05 17.3 8.2 S

4303 1.4303 305 S30500 0.04 17.7 12.5

4567 1.4567 (304Cu) S30430 0.01 17.7 9.7 3Cu

44011 1.4401 316 S31600 F 316 0.04 17.2 10.1 2.1

44041 1.4404 316L S31603 F 316L 0.02 17.2 10.1 2.1

44361 1.4436 316 F 316 0.04 16.9 10.7 2.6

44321 1.4432 316L S31600 F 316L 0.02 16.9 10.7 2.6

4435 1.4435 316L 0.02 17.3 12.6 2.6

4571 1.4571 316Ti S31635 F 316Ti 0.04 16.8 10.9 2.1 Ti

4578 1.4578 (316Cu) 0.02 16.9 10.7 2.1 Cu

43162 1.4316 308 S30800 0.05 19.5 10

48292 1.4829 309 S30900 0.03 23.5 13

4948 1.4948 304H S30409 F 304H 0.05 18.1 8.3

4878 1.4878 321H S32109 F 321H 0.05 17.3 9.1 Ti

4833 1.4833 309S S30908 0.06 22.3 12.6

4828 1.4828 0.04 20 12 2Si

253 MA 1.4835 S30815 F 45 0.09 0.17 21 11 1.6Si, Ce

4845 1.4845 310S S31008 F 310, F 310H 0.05 25 20

4841 1.4841 314 S31400 0.07 24.5 19.5 2Si

4438 1.4438 317L S31703 F 317L 0.02 18.2 13.7 3.1

904L 1.4539 904L N08904 F 904L 0.01 20 25 4.3 1.5Cu

254 SMO 1.4547 S31254 F 44 0.01 0.20 20 18 6.1 Cu

654 SMO 1.4652 S32654 0.01 0.50 24 22 7.3 3.5Mn Cu

4000 1.4000 410S S41008 0.03 12.5

4105 1.4105 430F S43020 F 430 0.08 16.5 S

4016 1.4016 430 S43000 F 430 0.05 16.2

45112 1.4511 430Nb 0.02 16.2 Nb

4006 1.4006 410 S41000 F 6a 0.12 12

4005 1.4005 416 S41600 0.10 13 S

4021 1.4021 420 S42000 0.20 13

4028 1.4028 420 S42000 0.30 12.5

4057 1.4057 431 S43100 0.20 16 1.75

4313 1.4313 S41500 F 6NM 0.03 12.5 4.1 0.6

45421 1.4542 630 S17400 0.02 15.5 4.8 3.4Cu Nb

4568 1.4568 631 S17700 0.08 17 7 1Al

LDX 2101 1.4162 S32101 0.03 0.22 21.5 1.5 0.3 5Mn Cu

3RE60 1.4424 S31500 0.02 18.5 4.75 2.75 1.5Si

2304 1.4362 S32304 F 68 0.02 0.10 23 4.8 0.3 Cu

LDX 2404 1.4662 S82441 0.02 0.27 24 3.6 1.6 3Mn Cu

2205 1.4462 S322053 S32205 F 51, F 60 0.02 0.17 22 5.7 3.1

22092 S39209 0.03 0.15 22 8 3

4501 1.4501 S32760 F 55 0.02 0.27 25.4 6.9 3.8 W Cu

2507 1.4410 S32750 F 53 0.02 0.27 25 7 4

F 91 1.4903 K90901 F 91 0.08 9 1 Nb V

F 92 1.4901 K92460 F 92 0.08 9 0.45 1.75W Nb VOth

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Outokumpu International steel designation Typical chemical composition, %

steel name EN ASTM UNS ASTM A182 C N Cr Ni Mo Others

3 Also available as UNS S31803 Registered Trademark of Outokumpu Stainless Oy

Stainless steel semi-finished material: billets, blooms, ingots and slabs - 9

10 - Stainless steel semi-finished material: billets, blooms, ingots and slabs

Together: World-class expertiseTechnical support and R&DOutokumpu is built on 100 years of technical expertise in both product production and end-use, going back to the invention of stainless steel. Support, advice and materials testing helps our customers, distributors and processors to select the most appropriate grade and manufac-turing parameters to suit their specific needs.

Flexibility Our customers may have specific or non-standard requirements to optimize their production. With flexibility and customer focus, adjust-ments of the product chemistry, microstructure, treatment, size and finish are available to provide a bespoke product for our customers.

Handbooks and brochuresOutokumpus technical brochures and handbooks give useful advice regarding the end application as well as the manufacturing process: The Outokumpu Corrosion Handbook has been published for nearly a century and contains a massive amount of corrosion data in different environments. The Handbook of Stainless Steel contains useful information about stainless steel, for both new and experienced users. Machining guidelines give recommendations for different machining parameters. Contact Us:

Billets, blooms, ingots and slabs

Outokumpu Stainless LtdPO Box 161Europa Link

Sheffield S91TZUnited Kingdom

Tel: +44 114 261 6000Fax: +44 114 261 6184

sales.smacc@outokumpu.com

Rolled and forged billets

Outokumpu Stainless ABDegerfors StainlessSE-69831 Degerfors

SwedenTel: +46 586 47000Fax: +46 586 47008

sales.degerforslp@outokumpu.com

Stainless steel semi-finished material:billets, blooms, ingots andslabs - 11

Contact Us:Billets, blooms, ingots and slabs

Outokumpu Stainless LtdPO Box 161Europa Link

Sheffield S91TZUnited Kingdom

Tel: +44 114 261 6000Fax: +44 114 261 6184

sales.smacc@outokumpu.com

Rolled and forged billets

Outokumpu Stainless ABDegerfors StainlessSE-69831 Degerfors

SwedenTel: +46 586 47000Fax: +46 586 47008

sales.degerforslp@outokumpu.com

sales.smacc@outokumpu.comsales.degerforslp@outokumpu.com

outokumpu.com

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Information given in this brochure may be subject to alterations without notice. Care has been taken to ensure that the contents of this publication are accurate but Outokumpu and its affiliated companies do not accept responsibility for errors or for information which is found to be misleading. Suggestions for or descriptions of the end use or application of products or methods of working are for information only and Outokumpu and its affiliated companies accept no liability in respect thereof. Before using products supplied or manufactured by the company the customer should satisfy himself of their suitability.

We work with our customers and partners to create long lasting solutions for the tools of modern life and the worlds most critical problems: clean energy, clean water and efficient infrastructure. Because we believe in a world that lasts forever.

Working towards forever.