OutlineOutline Normal Fault Systems and KinematicsNormal Fault Systems and Kinematics

• Planar Faults and Block Rotation

• Detachment Faulting

• Fault Linkage

• Kinematics of Normal Faulting

Development of Continental Rift into Ocean Basin

East African Rift SegmentationEast African Rift Segmentation

Basin and Range Normal Fault BlocksBasin and Range Normal Fault Blocks

Rio Grande RiftRio Grande RiftSegmentationSegmentation

Death ValleyDeath ValleyFault Zone Fault Zone

and and StepoverStepover

Closeup Closeup ofof StepoverStepover

Planar Normal Faults and Block RotationPlanar Normal Faults and Block Rotation

Planar Normal Faults and Block RotationPlanar Normal Faults and Block Rotation

Domino Block ExampleDomino Block Example

Domino Block ExampleDomino Block Example

Detachment FaultDetachment Fault

Detachment FaultDetachment Fault

Detachment FaultDetachment Fault

SoftSoft--Linked SystemsLinked Systems

Kinematics of Normal FaultingKinematics of Normal Faulting

• Domino, Bookshelf-Style Normal Faulting

• Listric Normal Faulting with Reverse Drag

• Imbricate Listric Normal Faulting

• Inversion

DominoDomino--Style Normal FaultingStyle Normal Faulting

DominoDomino--Style Normal Faulting (bookshelf faulting)Style Normal Faulting (bookshelf faulting)

Occurs above DetachmentsOccurs above Detachments

ListricListric--Planar Normal Fault SystemPlanar Normal Fault System

???

ListricListric--Planar Normal Fault SystemPlanar Normal Fault System

L

Listric Listric Normal Faulting with Reverse DragNormal Faulting with Reverse Drag

Listric Listric Normal Faulting with RolloverNormal Faulting with Rollover

Occurs due to space problem with curved detachmentOccurs due to space problem with curved detachment

ImbricateImbricate Listric Listric Normal FaultingNormal Faulting

Synthetic faults also accommodate collapse of HW blockSynthetic faults also accommodate collapse of HW block

Imbricate Imbricate Listric Listric Normal FaultingNormal Faulting

““Meatslices Meatslices common in large displacement systemscommon in large displacement systems

InversionInversion

• Normal faulting

• Syn-tectonic deposition of B

• Post-tectonic deposition of C

InversionInversion

• Normal faulting

• Syn-tectonic deposition of B

• Post-tectonic deposition of C

• Thrust faulting

• Deformation of B and folding of C

ReferencesReferences

Slides 1, 20, 21Slides 1, 20, 21TwissTwiss, R. J. and E. M., R. J. and E. M. MooresMoores, Structural Geology, W. H. Freeman & Co., New York, 532 p., , Structural Geology, W. H. Freeman & Co., New York, 532 p., 1992.1992.

Slides 3Slides 3--66http://earth.http://earth.leedsleeds.ac..ac.ukuk/faults/normal/domino./faults/normal/domino.htmhtm

Slides 7Slides 7--99http://earth.http://earth.leedsleeds.ac..ac.ukuk/faults/normal/detachment1./faults/normal/detachment1.htmhtm

Slide 10Slide 10http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/faults/soft/softnormal.http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/faults/soft/softnormal.htmhtm

Slides 12Slides 12--1919Davis. G. H. and S. J. Reynolds, Structural Geology of Rocks andDavis. G. H. and S. J. Reynolds, Structural Geology of Rocks and Regions, 2nd ed., John Regions, 2nd ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York, 776 p., 1996.Wiley & Sons, New York, 776 p., 1996.