our prayer is our labour by milena stateva

8/16/2019 Our Prayer is Our Labour by Milena Stateva

1/31

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2/31

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3/31

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4/31

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Xbms kssfy ms fe metrahuctmae ta tbk Lkfremei Lai ae hkvklapmei tbk Xfvmstacj Mestmtutk Fctmae

Lkfremei Spfck % f skrmks ag pkrmahmc tbauibt pmkcks fccadpfeymei tbk hkvklapdket ag dy

tbmejmei surrauehmei tbms pra`kct. Xbk Lkfremei Lai ms metkehkh ta kesurk rmiaur vmf pkkr

rkvmkw, out flsa ta sprkfh mhkfs fdaei lmjk-dmehkh pkaplk. M cfll & lmjk-dmehkh ' pkaplk wbft me Oulifrmfe wk cfll ()*+,-./+>+

6 % tbask pkaplk wmtb

wbad wk bfvk tbk sfdk tbauibts, ar pkrbfps tbk gkllaw trfvkllkrs wmtb wbad wk trfvkl tbk

sfdk rafh ag tbmejmei: f jmeh ag tbauibt-dftks rftbkr tbfe `ust saul-dftks. Me hkvklapmei tbk

pra`kct, M wfljkh, M fd wfljmei feh M bapk ta caetmeuk ta wflj tbk rafh wmtb f eudokr ag spkcmfl lmjk-dmehkh pkaplk grad fll avkr tbk warlh.

Sadk ag tbkd, fs pkkr rkvmkwkrs, cbfllkeikh dk me f crkftmvk wfy. M bfvk ta dketmae dast

eatfoly @ulmkt Scatt ag tbk Xfvmstacj Mestmtutk wba wfs tbk dfme pkrsae ta warj wmtb. Atbkrs

pravmhkh dk wmtb crucmfl mespmrftmae oy (eat) okmei tbkrk wbke M ekkhkh tbkd ta prahuck % M

sbaulh fcjeawlkhik tbk sjmllgul (eae) fvfmlfomlmty ag Dftt Imkvk, Hr Lkek Fukstfh, Dfrtme

_meikr, Emcj ^rkstae, Hr Dfeemk Sbkr, feh Sfd Emibtmeiflk?

. Feh ag caursk, fll ag tbask wbawkrk flwfys tbkrk, wmtb ea qukstmaes % eat dketmaemei dy gfdmly feh grmkehs wba jeaw wba

tbky frk, M sbaulh fcjeawlkhik (eat ekckssfrmly me tbms arhkr) ^rag. _aokrt Gmek, Xmd

Hfrtmeitae, Hr Flokrta Bfbe, Hfvmh Hrfoolk, Hr Lkslky Ormssktt, ^rag. Sfsbf _askekml,

Jfrke Mzah, @abe Dulryfe, Hfvmh Frdstraei, Hr Klmft Frfd feh Hr _fvm Xbmfrf.

M fd pfrtmculfrly irftkgul ta Calme Gflcaekr gar metrahucmei dk ta tbk @fpfeksk caeckpt ag

sbmsbme bklpmei dk ta dfjk skesk ag tbk wfys me wbmcb tbk metkr-ikekrftmaefl caeekcts tbk

warlhs ag tbk prmvftk feh tbk puolmc, tbk warlhs ag lmgk feh wbke tbk rkflmty ag lmgk ms ea laeikr

ekkhkh feh baw fll ag tbksk plfys f ralk me caeckmvmei, eurturmei feh hamei warj gar feh ae

okbflg ag sacmkty.

M bapk M fd eat dmssmei feyaek feh fd laajmei garwfrh ta caeekctmei wmtb dark grmkehs fehcallkfiuks. Xbk metketmae okbmeh tbms pfpkr ms ta pravmhk fe memtmfl caeckptufl feh

dktbahalaimcfl avkrvmkw feh ta kesurk pkkr rkvmkw feh gkkhofcj grad lmjk-dmehkh

callkfiuks. Xbk pfpkr wmll ok gallawkh oy f skrmks ag tbrkk-daetbly lkfremei lais kefolmei

trustkh callkfiuks ta pravmhk gkkhofcj, sbfrk tbauibts feh kermcb tbkmr awe warj. Xa

suoscrmok ta rkckmvk tbk lkfremei lais, plkfsk ha skeh dk fe kdfml aed.stftkvfNtfvmestmtutk.ari

O Q.68 68")L* 6& -"7." X28&G"7&?" &' ().G:* (**&2."6.&) '&7 .5$)6.'+.)# 68$ H&75 '&7 68$ M:"/.6+ &' 4$&4/$ H$

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5/31

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Xbk praolkd3

M lmjk f cburcb: M lmjk f cawl:

M lavk f prapbkt ag tbk saul:

Feh ae dy bkfrt daefstmc fmslks

Gfll lmjk swkkt strfmes, ar pkesmvk sdmlks0

]kt eat gar fll bms gfmtb cfe skk

Yaulh M tbft cawlkh cburcbdfe ok.

Yby sbaulh tbk vkst ae bmd fllurk,

Ybmcb M caulh eat ae dk kehurk1

Eat grad f vfme ar sbfllaw tbauibt

Bms fwgul @avk yauei ^bmhmfs orauibt: Ekvkr grad lmps ag cueemei gkll

Xbk tbrmllmei Hklpbmc arfclk:Aut grad tbk bkfrt ag efturk rallkh

Xbk ourhkes ag tbk Omolk alh:Xbk lmtfemks ag eftmaes cfdk,

Lmjk tbk valcfea's taeiuk ag glfdk,

[p grad tbk ouremei cark oklaw,--

Xbk cfetmclks ag lavk feh wak0Xbk bfeh tbft rauehkh ^ktkr's hadk

Feh iramekh tbk fmslks ag Cbrmstmfe _adk

Yrauibt me f sfh smeckrmty:

Bmdsklg grad Iah bk caulh eat grkk:

Bk oumlhkh okttkr tbfe bk jekw:

Xbk caescmaus staek ta okfuty irkw.

U [&:.* 0&G'&76 X.''")+3 ;$*.#) '&7 " H.)5&H3

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8=OYVkk E/C"C UO=T]=JTOSA

Jeawst tbau wbft wavk yae waahomrh's

ekst

Ag lkfvks feh gkftbkrs grad bkr orkfst1

Ar baw tbk gmsb autoumlt bkr sbkll,

^fmetmei wmtb dare kfcb feeufl ckll1

Ar baw tbk sfcrkh pmek-trkk fhhsXa bkr alh lkfvks ekw dyrmfhs1

Sucb feh sa irkw tbksk baly pmlks,

Ybmlk lavk feh tkrrar lfmh tbk tmlks.

Kfrtb prauhly wkfrs tbk ^frtbkeae,

Fs tbk okst ikd upae bkr zaek,

Feh Daremei apks wmtb bfstk bkr lmhs

Xa ifzk upae tbk ^yrfdmhs:

A'kr Keilfeh's fookys okehs tbk sjy,

Fs ae mts grmkehs, wmtb jmehrkh kyk:Gar aut ag Xbauibt's metkrmar spbkrk

Xbksk waehkrs rask ta uppkr fmr:Feh Efturk ilfhly ifvk tbkd plfck,Fhaptkh tbkd meta bkr rfck,

Feh irfetkh tbkd fe kqufl hftkYmtb Fehks feh wmtb Frfrft.

Xbksk tkdplks irkw fs iraws tbk irfss:

Frt dmibt aoky, out eat surpfss.

Xbk pfssmvk Dfstkr lket bms bfeh

Xa tbk vfst saul tbft a'kr bmd plfeekh:

Feh tbk sfdk pawkr tbft rkfrkh tbk sbrmek

Okstrahk tbk trmoks tbft jeklt wmtbme.

Kvkr tbk gmkry ^ketkcast

Imrhs wmtb aek glfdk tbk cauetlkss bast,

Xrfecks tbk bkfrt tbrauib cbfetmei cbamrs,

Feh tbrauib tbk prmkst tbk dmeh mespmrks.

Xbk warh ueta tbk prapbkt spajke

Yfs wrmt ae tfolks ykt ueorajke:

Xbk warh oy skkrs ar smoyls talh,

Me iravks ag afj, ar gfeks ag ialh.

Stmll glafts upae tbk daremei wmeh,Stmll wbmspkrs ta tbk wmllmei dmeh.

Aek fccket ag tbk Baly IbastXbk bkkhlkss warlh bftb ekvkr last.

M jeaw wbft sfy tbk gftbkrs wmsk,--

Xbk Oaaj mtsklg okgark dk lmks,

Alh Cbrysastad, okst Fuiustmek,

Feh bk wba olket oatb me bms lmek,

Xbk yaueikr Ialhke Lmps ar dmeks,

Xfylar, tbk Sbfjkspkfrk ag hmvmeks.

Bms warhs frk dusmc me dy kfr,

M skk bms cawlkh partrfmt hkfr:


6/31

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Feh ykt, gar fll bms gfmtb caulh skk,

M waulh eat tbk iaah omsbap ok.

----_flpb Yflha Kdkrsae

>#$6"-?)$3"#8

Xbk Xfvmstacj Mestmtutk Fctmae Lkfremei Spfck ms fe fctmae rkskfrcb pra`kct fmdmei ft

fhùstmei feh hkdacrftmsmei wbft M laaskly cfll nrkglkctmvk spfcks." Xbk pra`kct armimeftks me

dy grustrftmae wmtb caetkdparfry wfys ag warjmei me tbk sacmfl gmklh. ^rackssks me sacmkty

avkr tbk lfst ykfrs bfvk uegalhkh feh calluhkh ta crkftk f rkskfrcb feh prfctmck cbfrfctkrmzkh

oy fe mecrkfskh ourkfucrftmzftmae. Xbk eard me tbk warlh ag warj, fs ducb fs me tbk prmvftk

lmvks ag tbask hamei sucb warj, bfs okcadk bkctmc rusb ta dkkt tmibt hkfhlmeks pfmrkh wmtbmecrkfsmeily hmdmemsbmei rksaurcks. Caeskquketly, warj prackssks rautmekly mieark dkfemei

feh skesk-dfjmei ft tbk kxpkesk ag caetral, daemtarmei, kvmhkecmei, prackhurks, rulks, fehrkiulftmaes.

Ft tbk sfdk tmdk, dy

kxpkrmkeck ft vfrmaus lkvkls

ag rkskfrcb feh fpplmcftmae

bfs tfuibt dk tbft prkcmskly

tbk warj me tbk sacmfl gmklh

rkqumrks sapbmstmcftkh

appartuemtmks gar dkfemei-

feh skesk-dfjmei. Xbk fomlmty

ta dfjk skesk ms f jky

oumlhmei olacj ag f purpaskgul

fctmae. Oy purpaskgul fctmae Mdkfe fe fctmae tbft bfs tbk

cfpfcmty ta fhhrkss prkssmeimssuks feh pfmegul praolkds.

Sjmllgully gfcmlmtftkh rkglkctmvkspfcks daomlmsk tbk iraup

hyefdmcs tbft ms cbfrikh wmtbkdfecmpftary patketmfl feh

uelacj dkdokrsW cfpfcmtmks ta

ok futaeadaus ykt taiktbkr.

Xbms pfpkr ms fe avkrvmkw agtbk currket stftk ag tbk

pra`kct, gallawkh oy f hmscussmae ag tbk kxpkrmkeck sa gfr feh fe autlmek ag ekxt stkps taupirfhk tbk memtmftmvk. Xbk ekxt mtkrftmae ag rkgmemei tbk pra`kct wmll fmd ta ture tbk pra`kct

meta f sacmfl metkrvketmae. Xbk gmrst skctmae, ae mecuoftmei rkglkctmvk spfcks, suddfrmsks tbk

purpask, tbk tbkarktmcfl feh dktbahalaimcfl grfdkwarj feh tbk currket dahkls ag iraups.

Xbk dahkls ag iraups frk glkxmolk feh hyefdmc, feh tbkmr hksmie ms sbfpkh oy laask dmemdud

spkcmgmcftmaes. Xbk dmemdud spkcmgmcftmaes autlmek ùst tbk oauehfrmks wmtbme feh wmtb wbmcb

tbk iraup feh mts bast cfe plfy. ^lfygulekss haks eat mdply tbft tbmeis frk tfjke lmibtly ar

wmtb ea uehkrstfehmeis ag tbk rmsjs. Mt ms dark f caeckpt tbft rkgkrs ta tbk ày, crkftmvmty feh

purpaskgulekss tbft cadks wmtb tbk fwfrkekss ag wbft ms tbk rmibt tbmei ta ha.

V !8&6"48 ,+ -./$)" >6"6$?"3 !8;3 X"?.*6&2L _)*6.6:6$ &' o:G") 9$/"6.&)*


7/31

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Xbk skcaeh skctmae, tbk hmscussmae, trfcks tbk wfys me wbmcb metkr-suo`kctmvmty lmejs ta vfluk

me sucb f pra`kct ag daomlmzmei tbk callkctmvk wmshad ta dfjk tbk warlh f okttkr plfck.

Hkspmtk tbft tbk pra`kct agtke ikts stucj me tbk vkry hyefdmcs mt skkjs ta fhhrkss, M

hklmokrftkly ha eat kvfluftk fs ykt tbk kxpkrmkeck. Mestkfh, tbk gacus ms ae uepfcjmei tbk mhkfl

feh wbft frk tbk tbrkfts. Xbk tbmrh skctmae ag tbk pfpkr laajs ft tbk ekxt stkps fs f wfy ta

rkplmcftk feh scflk up tbk iraups. Xbky frk hksmiekh wmtb f vmkw ag usmei tbkd fs f sacmflmetkrvketmae me frkfs ag praolkdftmquk ar sacmfl gmklhs me wbmcb mehmvmhufls, iraups, feh

arifemsftmaes ikt stucj. Xbk Xbkary ag Cbfeik ag tbk pra`kct ms prksketkh, fcjeawlkhimei

lmdmtftmaes ag tbk fpprafcb feh wfys ta usk mt fs f hyefdmc taal rftbkr tbfe f rmimh grfdkwarj

ta fcbmkvk iafls.

Xbk pfpkr ms eat `ust f rkpart out fmds ta hkvklap friudkets me hkgkesk ag apkemei spfcks fehcrkftmei appartuemtmks ta tbmej. Mt autlmeks fe fdomtmaus pra`kct tbft iaks okyaeh out armimeftks me

arifemzftmaefl stuhmks. _kglkctmvk spfcks wkrk armimeflly hksmiekh fs cadpaekets ag arifemzftmaefl

hksmie. Xbky skrvkh tbk guectmae ag kebfecmei tbk prackssmei, praolkd salvmei feh tkfd oumlhmei

cfpfcmtmks ag arifemsftmaes. Xbk prapaskh fpprafcb dkriks fhvfeck me tbms gmklh wmtb rkcket

hkvklapdkets me uehkrstfehmei tbk mdpartfeck ag ntbmrh spfcks" - spfcks tbft ha eat oklaei ta

warj ear prmvftk lmgk, kspkcmflly me tbk lmibt ag tbask sbrmejmei feh sadk kvke hmsfppkfrmei.

Xbk pfpkr, tbkrkgark, cfe dfjk f wmhkr caetrmoutmae ta kebfecmei tkcbemquks feh hksmies ag

tbmrh spfcks fs ducb fs ta mecarparftmei rkglkctmvk spfcks me prmvftk, cadduemty feh

arifemzftmaefl lmvks feh tbk wfys me wbmcb tbky frk metkr-caeekctkh. M fd eat gully

hkvklapmei tbms lmek bkrk.

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8/31


9/31

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cadduemty dkdokrs oy apkemei f spfck gar ikttmei me taucb wmtb tbkmr cfpfcmtmks ta

caetrmoutk ta sacmkty, kcaeady, culturk feh palmtmcs. Xbmrhly, fe mdpartfet purpask ms ta

gfcmlmtftk prackssks ag gastkrmei hkdacrfcy oy pfrtmcmpftmae, sacmfl `ustmck, feh sacmfl

cabksmae vmf metkrpalftmei tbask pfrts ag sklvks tbft caeekct ta tbk palmtmcfl. Gmeflly, tbk

pra`kct mdpfcts culturk, me f caetkxt tbft gfvaurs smdplmcmty, ao`kctmvmsd, feh ourkfucrfcy. Mt

warjs ta grkk f caetkxt caestrfmekh oy caesudkrmsd feh dfrjktmzftmae. Xbms caesudkrmsdfeh dfrjktmzftmae lkfvk lmttlk orkftbmei spfck gar tbk armimefl sacmfl, khucftmaefl, palmtmcfl feh

kelmibtkedket guectmaes ag frtmsts feh culturfl scbalfrs.

Xbk caeckpt ag tbk Xfvmstacj Mestmtutk Fctmae Lkfremei Spfck ms f caetkdparfry rkture ta

^lftaWs fcfhkdy. ^lfta kstfolmsbkh tbk fcfhkdy fs f caetfmemei feh rkglkctmvk hkvmck okgark mt

kvalvkh, wmtbme Budoalht [emvkrsmty, meta f caetkxt hkhmcftkh ta tbk trfesgkr ag jeawlkhik

feh sjmlls Z?8T. Xbms rkture ta tbk armimes ag lkfremei ms megardkh oy fhvfecks ag skttmei up

feh bastmei iraups fs rkglkctmvk spfcks wbmcb gard tbk gmrst tbkarktmcfl pmllfr gar tbk warj Zcg.

?;, ?7, ?9, ?2T. Xa cadpkesftk gar tbk rksaurck metkesmty ag rueemei iraups, tbk pra`kctkxplarks, fs f skcaeh tbkarktmcfl pmllfr, tbk patketmfl ag frts fs lkimtmdftk rkskfrcb feh

cadduemcftmae dahks. Xbk prkdmsk ms tbft oy olkehmei iraup hyefdmcs tkcbemquks wmtb frttkcbemquks, wk cfe fccklkrftk me f rmiaraus wfy tbk iraup hyefdmcs feh cfe davk iraup

autputs grad tbk hadfme ag fkstbktmcs ta tbk hadfme ag prahuctmae Z?=T. Xbk tbmrh tbkarktmcfl pmllfr lmejs ta tbk caeckpt ag spfck. Mt metrahucks f crmtmcfl pkrspkctmvk oy warjmei wmtb wbft

Hkrrmhf cfllkh irfddk ar trfck ta kdpbfsmsk tbk dultm-lfykrkh efturk ag aur warj wmtbme tbk

sacmfl hadfme i f caestrfmemei fs ducb fs cbfeeklmei grfdkwarj gar dkfemeigul fctmae Z3>T.

Lkfemei ae tbksk tbrkk pmllfrs fcjeawlkhiks tbft bZmTducb meeavftmae cadks grad tbk

crkftmvk olkehmei ag mhkfs grad dultmplk saurcks ZmT Xbk taals ag meeavftmae wmll flsa

hkvklap tbrauib crkftmvk olkehmei feh rkcadomeftmae ag hmspfrftk klkdkets feh mhkfsW Z36,

p.2T. Me tbk trfhmtmae ag fctmae lkfremei, tbk prapaskh fpprafcb tbke lmejs caeckptufl wmtb

sacmfl meeavftmae stkppmei ae Jurt LkwmeWs buegrkkzk--cbfeik---rk-grkkzkW gardulf gar

gfcmlmtftmei sacmfl feh palmtmcfl cbfeik. Xbk buegrkkzmeiW rkgkrs ta tbk wfys me wbmcb

kstfolmsbkh metkrprktftmaes, structurks, metketmaes feh frrfeikdkets frk uepfcjkh, cbfllkeikh,hkstfomlmskh feh skt me glux. Xbk cbfeik, fs f ekxt stkp, rkgkrs ta tbk wfys me wbmcb tbk

prackss ag uegrkkzmei skts up me datmae uehkrlymei currkets ta kvajk prairkssmvk cbfeik

prackssks ta frrmvk ft f ekw stfolk stftk. Gmeflly, brk-grkkzmeiW fllaws ta gmx f ekw arhkr feh ta

gacus ae caesalmhftmae.

Me pursumei sucb f lmqumh grfdkwarj, tbk pra`kct ormeis taiktbkr Iraup _klftmaes feh Lfrik

Iraup Metkrvketmaes prmecmplks wmtb cbfeik dfefikdket ft tbk dfcra-lkvkl ag hkvklapmei f

sacmfl metkrvketmae. Mt tbke kxplarks tbk lmejs ag tbksk wmtb fpplmkh crmtmcfl tbkary feh frtmstmc

tkcbemquks ft tbk dmcra-lkvkl ag gfcmlmtftmei f skt ag iraups tbft cadprmsk tbk metkrvketmae.

Xbk pra`kct mecarparftks hmggkrket hmscmplmefry meputs wmtbme fe avkrfrcbmei fctmae rkskfrcbgrfdkwarj metkrwkfvmei rmiaraus prackssks ft tbk dkzza-, tbk dfcra- feh tbk dmcra-lkvkls.

Ft tbk dmcra-lkvkl, tbk pra`kct kxplarks f dultm-dkhmf fctmae lkfremei mequmry dahk ag

rkskfrcb feh gfcmlmtftmae ag iraup prackssks oy olkehmei iraup rklftmaes, fpplmkh crmtmcfl

tbkary, feh frtmstmc tkcbemquks. Ft tbk dkzza-lkvkl, tbk jky fctmvmtmks mevalvk rkskfrcbmei,

tkstmei feh hacudketmei f prahuct hkvklapdket cyclk (gmiurk 6) tbft fmd ta klfoarftk f dahkl

ag rueemei rkglkctmvk iraups. Zmeskrt gmiurk 6T Ft tbk dfcra-lkvkl, oumlhmei ae tbk dkzza-

warj, tbk fmd ms ta rkskfrcb, hksmie feh hacudket fe meeavftmae spmrfl Z36T cadprmsmei

pradpts, gallawkh oy prapasfls, gallawkh oy pmlats tbft cfe tbke fllaw gar prackssks ag

sustfmemei, scflmei up ar hmggusmae feh ultmdftkly fcbmkvmei systkdmc cbfeik.

Xbk gmrst cyclk ag tbms meeavftmae spmrfl cadprmsks pradpts, mespmrftmaes, feh hmfieasks. Meatbkr warhs, tbksk frk tbk gfctars wbmcb bmiblmibt tbk ekkh gar meeavftmae feh tbk mespmrftmaes


10/31

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wbmcb spfrj sucb meeavftmae. Xbk cyclk skrvks ta hmfieask tbk praolkd mtkrftmvkly feh ta

grfdk qukstmaes me f wfy tbft wmll lkfh okyaeh sydptads feh wmll mhketmgy cfusks. Xbk

skcaeh cyclk ag prapasfls feh mhkfs mevalvk mhkf ikekrftmae. Xbms cyclk usks f rfeik ag

dktbahs tbft cfe bklp ta hrfw me mesmibts feh kxpkrmkecks grad f wmhk rfeik ag saurcks. Xbk

tbmrh cyclk ag pratatypmei cadprmsks pmlats ta tkst mhkfs me prfctmck. Ofsmcflly, tbms dkfes

trymei tbmeis aut, wbmcb cfe mecluhk dark gardfl pmlats. Xbk gaurtb cyclk, ag sustfmemei,dkfes turemei tbk mhkfs meta kvkryhfy prfctmck, sbfrpkemei feh strkfdlmemei tbkd feh

mhketmgymei mecadk strkfds. Xbk gmgtb cyclk ag scflmei feh hmggusmae rkgkr ta arifemsftmaefl

irawtb, lmckesmei feh grfecbmsmei out flsa ta laaskr hmggusmae tbrauib kdulftmae feh

mespmrftmae. Xbk keh pamet, wbmcb ms flsa tbk okimeemei ag f ekw stfik, mevalvks systkdmc

cbfeik - kxplarmei feh mhketmgymei tbk meirkhmkets ag warjmei wmtb hkgkecks, rmsjs, feh rmsj

dmtmiftmaes. Xbms cyclk lkfhs ta scflmei up rkplmcftmae, feh patketmfl gar ekw grfdkwarjs ar

frcbmtkcturks dfhk up ag dfey sdfllkr meeavftmaes.

Xa sud up, tbk pra`kct ms tbus prahucmei tbmcj hkscrmptmaes feh feflysms ag lkfremei ft0

f) Xbk dmcra-lkvkl ag gfcmlmtftmei f iraup0 caesalmhftmei tbksk fspkcts tbft olkeh frts

wmtb iraup rklftmaes rkskfrcb/caesultfecy feh fpplmkh crmtmcfl tbkary: tbms ms haek oy

palmsbmei feh pmlatmei f skrmks ag rkglkctmvk spfcks gar wmhkr cadduemtmks:

o) Ft tbk dkzza-lkvkl0 hkvklapmei f dahkl gar rueemei sucb iraups ft fll stfiks: fll

stfiks mecluhk skttmei up, rkcrumtdket, rktketmae, cfpfcmty oumlhmei, dultmplmcftmae ag

kggkcts, prahuctmae, feh dfrjktmei:

c) Ft tbk dfcra-lkvkl0 hksmiemei feh bapkgully mdplkdketmei wmtbme tbk ekxt ykfr f

sacmfl metkrvketmae.


11/31

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12/31

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48.)B3 h:*6"?$ -&7$":@ X8$ -$67&4&/.6") -:*$:G &' (763 \$H j&7L l$M:$*6&' Q.//."G oC o$77.G")3 OkJTC HHHCG$6G:*$:GC&7#C "?"./",/$ &)/.)$ "6I

8664I==HHHCG$6G:*$:GC&7#="76=2&//$26.&)=*$"728=VUYO]U g(>0 .G"#$ E/C"C UT=T]=JTOSA


13/31

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feflysms. Xbk tbkarktmcfl dahkl cadprmsks om-wkkjly 6.;-baur rkglkctmvk skssmae feh aelmek spfck,

wmtb up ta 6; dkdokrs. MCF_[S ms fe metrahuctmae ta dfstkrmei ralk eurturmei fpprafcbks hkvklapkh

me tbk Xfvmstacj trfhmtmae feh okyaeh. Mt aggkrs fe uehkrstfehmei spfck ta kxplark yauei pkaplkWs

wfys ag tbmejmei foaut iraups feh tkstmei tbkmr awe stylks ag warjmei me feh wmtb iraups. Xbms iraup

ms f prfctmck smtk ta kxpkrmdket warjmei wmtb aek Ws Sklg, kdatmaefl feh pawkr hmlkddfs. Xbk purpask

ms ta fssmst yauei pkaplk me crfgtmei tbkmr Sklg feh tbkmr ralks me f wfy kefolmei tbkmr pfrtmcmpftmae me

feh caetrmoutmae ta tbk sacmfl warlh. Xbk dahkl ormeis taiktbkr dy lkfremei grad prfctmck wmtb yauei

pkaplk ta prkvket vmalkeck, fs wkll fs me warjmei wmtb yauei pkaplk fs metkres gar twa ykfrs feh me

tkfcbmei, tutarmei, feh supkrvmsmei uemvkrsmty stuhkets. ]auei pkaplk metkrkstkh me dy cafcbmei aggkr

orauibt sadk gurtbkr mesmibt wbmcb wfs gurtbkr klfoarftkh hurmei fe kvket arifemskh gar stuhkets oy f

uemvkrsmty cfrkkr skrvmck.

SAGMF0 Sklg, Ao`kct _klftmaes, Gkdmememty feh Metkrskctmaefl Fomlmty

Xbms ms f lkfremei cadduemty gar wadke wba wfet ta dfstkr feh fpply tbkmr wmshad ta dfjk tbk

warlh f okttkr plfck feh hkvklap tbkmr awe sdfll pra`kct(s). Mt ms aggkrkh flsa fs fe me-bausk iraup feh

aek ae aek ralk feflysms. Xbk iraup cadprmsks daetbly 3.;-baur warjsbaps mecarparftmei f rkglkctmvk

iraup feh trfmemei/callaqumud skssmaes ae prfctmcfl sjmlls feh kdkrimei pra`kcts. Xbms iraup ms f

spfck metkehkh ta fllaw wadke ta plfy feh ok crkftmvk, sa mt ms kdkriket feh uestructurkh. Xbk

purpask ms ta kdpawkr wadke ta tfjk up wmtb irkftkr caegmhkeck feh fomlmty tbkmr lmgk, pragkssmaefl

feh sacmfl ralks. Fe aptmae ms flsa ta pravmhk f crkftmvk feh sfgk spfck gar uehkrtfjmei tbkmr awe sdfll

pra`kct(s), out tbk gacus ms ae warjmei tawfrhs rkfcbmei tbkmr meekr pawkr ta metkirftk tbkmr vamck,

tbkmr smlkeck, feh tbkmr prfxms. Xbk jky ta tbms warj ms fllawmei tbkmr stary ta hkvklap feh ok talh. Xbk

dahkl ms eat tkstkh fs sucb out ms klfoarftkh usmei aoskrvftmaes feh feflysms ag tbk rkfsaes gar tbk

gfmlurk ag iraups tbft fmd ta suppart wadke wba bfvk kxpkrmkeckh vmalkeck. Xbk hksmie warjs wmtb

tbk bypatbksms tbft wbft bmehkrs wadkeWs kdfecmpftmae, kdpawkrdket feh rkcavkry ms tbk lfcj ag

cfpfcmty wmtbme f iraup tbft ketmrkly caesmsts ag trfudftmskh pkaplk. Smdmlfrly, iraups ormeimei

taiktbkr pkaplk wba frk atbkrwmsk hmsfhvfetfikh cfeeat lmgt agg tbkmr dkdokrs. Xbk hksmie wmll tkst

fe mhkfl typk ag warj iraup tbft ms f dmx ag pkaplk wmtb bmibkr cfpfcmtmks feh pkaplk wba frk eat ae

tbk lfhhkr sa frk lasmei kekriy, bapk, feh patketmfl.

Stfsms ag Fctmae

Xbms ms f skrmks ag kvkets me tbk Iraup _klftmaes trfhmtmae ofskh ae tbk lfrik stuhy iraup dktbah. Xbk

skrmks aggkrs fe appartuemty ta caeekct feh tbmej gar fcfhkdmcs, fctmvmsts, palmcydfjkrs, cmtmzkes feh

okyaeh. Mt ms aggkrkh flsa fs fe me-bausk iraup feh aek ae aek ralk feflysms. Xbk skrmks cadprmsks tke

3.;-baur skssmaes, mecluhmei fe metrahuctmae ta tbk dktbah, 6.;-baur lfrik stuhy iraup feh f wrfppmei

lkcturk oy vmsmtmei spkfjkrs. Kvajmei tbk eatmae ag bstfsksW fs me bstftmc caehmtmaesW, tbk memtmftmvk dfjks

tbk pamet tbft fe fctmae haks eat ekckssfrmly ekkh ta ok f okbfvmaur. Mt cbfllkeiks tbk fssudptmae tbft

aely ckrtfme vkros feh tbk dkfemeis fttfcbkh ta tbkd cfe ok uskh ta hkscrmok lkimtmdftk fctmaes. Xbms

kvket ms stmll ft tbk stfik ag okmei tbkarktmcflly hkvklapkh. Mt warjs wmtb tbk bypatbksms tbft kvkryhfy

mebmomtmae ag tbmejmei feh uehkrstfehmei ms fe mekvmtfolk pfrt ag arhmefry mekrtmf fs wkll fs tbk

warjmeis ag hmscaursks feh mhkalaimks. Xbk hksmie tbke ms metkehkh ta fssmst tbk fssmdmlftmae ag

caetket fs tbkarktmcfl caetrmoutmaes feh tfcmt jeawlkhik oy oumlhmei ae tbk mdpartfeck ag grfdkwarj,

tmdk, feh spfck gar kefolmei tbmejmei feh uehkrstfehmei. Mt fmds ta ormei taiktbkr me rksaurck

kggkctmvk wfys tbk vfluk ag fcfhkdmc caetrmoutmaes fccklkrftkh oy kxpkrmketmfl lkfremei appartuemtmks

pravmhkh oy warjmei me f iraup.


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Hrkfdmei tbk Sacmfl0 rkcket fhvfecks me tbk stuhy ag tbk sacmfl hmdkesmaes ag hrkfdmei

Xbms pra`kct cadprmsks f skrmks ag sacmfl hrkfdmei warjsbaps, f gmld cluo feh cuttmei khik

caevkrsftmaes wmtb caetkdparfry rkskfrcbkrs ae tbk sacmfl, bmstarmcfl, culturfl, feh palmtmcfl

hmdkesmaes ag hrkfdmei. Mt wfs lfuecbkh me Gkorufry ?>6; wmtb f gfscmeftmei hmscussmae trmiikrkh oy

prksketftmaes oy Hr. Dfeemk Sbkr (XMB_) feh Hr. @ulmfe Dfelky ([YK). Xbms ms f callfoarftmae wmtbtbk Ormtmsb Sacmalaimcfl Fssacmftmae feh Iarhae Lfwrkeck Gauehftmae. Oy stuhymei baw wk cfe

lkfre grad hrkfds okyaeh tbk pkrsaefl feh tbk clmemcfl, tbk skrmks ms hksmiekh ta kxplark f rafh ta f

dark caesmstket skfrcb gar dktbahalaimks ta pkrgkct tbk wbalk rfeik ag dahks feh fctmvmtmks ag dmeh

fs wkll fs dahflmtmks ag tbmejmei. Xbksk fctmvmtmks ag dmeh mecluhk rkglkctmae, usk ag rkglkxmvmty,

dkhmtftmae, uehkrstfehmei, `uhikdket, feh wmll ae aek bfeh: feh hrkfdmei, crkftmvmty, gfetfsy (feh

atbkr wfys ag usmei saueh, mdfiks feh mdfikry) feh baw tbask lmej ta rklftkhekss feh rklftmaesbmps.

]A[_0 ]aur Arifemsftmaefl [ehkrstfehmei feh _kglkctmae Iraup

Xbms ms fe me-bausk iraup gar bmib-rmsj ousmekssks stfgg feh arifemsftmaes warjmei wmtb avkrwbkldmei

kxpkrmkecks. Mt ms aggkrkh flsa fs aek ae aek ralk feflysms. Xbk iraup cadprmsks 6.;-baur rkglkctmvk

spfck, bflg fe baur ektwarjmei orkfj feh 6-baur rkfhmei skdmefr. M fd currketly stuhymei tbk

rkfsaes gar tbk hmggmculty me dkdokrs cadmei taiktbkr wbke tbk iraup ms aggkrkh fs fe metkr-

arifemsftmaefl appartuemty. Aek aovmaus rkfsae rklftks ta ousy-ekss feh hmggmculty bmttmei f

tmdk me tbk hmfrmks tbft waulh warj gar fll. Dark suotlk rkfsaes dfy rklftk ta tbk skesmtmvmty ft

oatb pkrsaefl feh arifemsftmaefl lkvkls feh tbk rfmsmei mssuks ag trust me f iraup wmtb

dkdokrs wba ha eat jeaw kfcb atbkr.

CA_K0 Curmasmty, Apkeekss, feh _alk - fe kfrly lkfhkrsbmp trfmemei

Xbms ms f dahulk gar cbmlhrke (6?-67-ykfr-alh) wba frk kfikr ta hkvklap fs guturk lkfhkrs tbrauibkxpkrmketmfl lkfremei feh rkskfrcb sjmlls. Xbk hksmie ag iraup ms stmll ft f tbkarktmcfl lkvkl ag

hkvklapdket. Mt ms ofskh ae klkdkets ag trfmemei dahulks gar cbmlhrke feh trfmemei ag trfmekrs wba

warj wmtb cbmlhrke. Xbk iafl ms ta lacftk tbk iraup me tbk cadduemty feh ta pravmhk f rfeik ag

dketars wmtb frtmstmc, scmketmgmc, sacmfl feh palmtmcfl ofcjirauehs.

YMSK0 Ymshad feh Mespmrftmae Skrkehmpmty spfck

Xbms ms fe appartuemty fmdmei ft rkcavkrmei f skesk ag purpask gar pkaplk wba gkkl tbky frk

lasmei cfpfcmty huk ta fik: wmtb Mespmrkcbmllm.cad. Sbmgtmei pfttkres ag fikmei wmtb mecrkfskh

laeikvmty frk aggkrmei tahfy”s sacmkty fe ueprkckhketkh appartuemty ta tfp meta tbk cfpfcmtmks ag tbrkkikekrftmaes caetkdparfekausly: tbms patketmfl ms agtke eat aely ekilkctkh out cfe plfy f ralk me metkr-

ikekrftmaefl sacmfl, psycbalaimcfl feh kcaeadmc tkesmaes. Xbms memtmftmvk ms fe kxplarftmae ag wbft cfe

tbk bausmei, suppart feh cfrk skctar ha ta gurtbkr mts currket aggkr ft f tmdk wbke kxpkctftmaes gar

fikmei prahucts feh skrvmcks frk cbfeimei. Xbk fmd ms ta crkftk f tbmejmei spfck tbft cfe

ikekrftk appartuemty gar fltkreftmvk, mespmrftmaefl prfctmck, stfrtmei wmtb f gacus ae

kxpkrmkecks grad tbk bausmei feh cfrk skctar. Mt laajs meta baw tbk Fhvfetfikh Xbmejmei

vmsmae sbfpkh wmtb Gaykr Gkhkrftmae caulh ok fpplmkh ta fll pkaplk rkifrhlkss ag fik. Xbms

vmsmae wfs tfjke avkr oy tbk MespmrkCbmllm fs f vkbmclk ta rkskfrcb fe ‒mespmrftmaes grfdkwarj'

tbft caulh tfjk Fhvfetfikh Xbmejmei ta mt ekxt lkvkl. Bfrekssmei tbk usk ag sacmfl mespmrftmae

fs f gacus gar ‒hamei iaah okttkr', Mespmrkcbmllm's kdkrimei ‒mespmrftmaes grfdkwarj' aggkrs f patketmfl gacus gar hkvklapmei f dark fsskt-ofskh vmsmae gar alhkr pkaplk's skrvmcks.


15/31

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C3&)?&&3"#0 3#$%6H&?;K%)$323$1G 27,?% 7#- /7*3#. $:% +"6,- 7 ;%$$%6

=,7)%I

Xbk Xfvmstacj Mestmtutk Fctmae Lkfremei Spfck caesalmhftks feh oumlhs ae dy warj feh lmgk

pra`kcts avkr tbk lfst ekfrly twkety ykfrs. Mt armimeftks me f skfrcb ta kdpawkr feh

kdfecmpftk pkaplk, wmtbme feh tbrauib tbkmr ralks, sa tbft tbky cfe ok tbk okst tbky cfe ok -

S _G"#$ ",&?$I l(\d>j l:66$7'/+ >:.2.5$ >67$$6 (76


16/31

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gar tbkdsklvks, tbkmr lavkh aeks, tbkmr sacmkty feh kvke gar tbk warlh. F smiemgmcfet pfrt ag

tbms warj ag dmek wfs hkhmcftkh ta prkvketmei, oumlhmei rksmlmkeck feh suppart gar mehmvmhufls

ta rkcavkr feh rk-metkirftk fgtkr kxpkrmkecmei vmalkeck.

Laajmei ft currket strftkimks, feh tbk cfusks feh caeskqukecks ag vmalkeck, dy warj frrmvkh

ft caesmhkrmei tbk kpmstkdalaimcfl gauehftmaes ag baw wk pkrckmvk feh baw wk rklftk ta tbk

warlh fraueh us - bkeck tbk metkrkst me tbk dmeh feh mts dahflmtmks feh fctmvmtmks. Ae tbk atbkr

bfeh, tbk vkbmclk ta fcckss tbk hkkpkr - crkftmvk feh megmemtk - lfykrs ag aur dmehs, fs tbky

caeekct ta tbk sacmfl, mecluhmei tbk sacmfl uecaescmaus, ms oy dkfes ag stfymei wmtb tbksk

fspkcts ag aur sklvks tbft caeekct us ft tbk metkr-suo`kctmvk lkvkls.

B6"/ 3#$%6H&?;K%)$323$1 $" 7 &:76%- 27,?%

Metkr-suo`kctmvmty, fs tbk caeckpt suiiksts, ms f sacmfl fspkct ag aur meekr warlh tbft ms

fccksskh, daomlmzkh, kxpkrmkeckh feh kdplaykh me sacmfl skttmeis feh iraups me pfrtmculfr. Fstbk metkrgfck oktwkke us feh sacmkty, metkr-suo`kctmvmty ms tbk hkpasmtary ag callkctmvk feh

bmstarmcfl wmshad, skesmtmvmty feh skesk-dfjmei. Iraups gfcmlmtftkh fs warj iraups (ar fs

stuhy iraups) warj fs f dftrmx Z3?T. Fs f dftrmx, kfcb iraup pravmhks tbk spfck gar

kxtrfctmei dkfemei grad tbk kvkry hfy fs ducb fs grad dark strftkimc feh kxtrkdk pasmtmvk

feh ekiftmvk kxpkrmkecks. Sfymei tbft tbk iraup guectmaes fs f dftrmx ms featbkr wfy ta

hkscrmok prackssks ag caeekctmei ft metkr-suo`kctmvk lkvkls feh fcckssmei lfykrs ag tbk

callkctmvk uecaescmaus. Me fhhmtmae ta okmei kdfecmpftary cbfrikh oy vmrtuk ag guectmaemei fs

f dftrmx, sucb iraups gastkr mehmvmhufl, arifemsftmaefl feh cadduemty irawtb oy

kdpbfsmzmei, fcckssmei feh ekiatmftmei vfluks. Xbms keifikdket wmtb vfluks, me ture, gkkhs

meta sacmfl cabksmae feh prairkssmvk armketftmae tbft hrmvks fctmaes.

Dkescb Z33, p.3=3T hkscrmoks tbk lmejs oktwkke vfluks feh metkr-suo`kctmvmty fs gallaws0

Xa vmkw tbk iraueh ag metkrsuo`kctmvmty fs f vfluk ms ta vfluk tbask fctmaes ag aurs wbmcb

prkskrvk f rklftmae ta tbms iraueh. Mt ms ta vfluk tbkd fs mevalvkh me tbk rkflmsftmae ag tbk

auibt-ta-ok – tbk vfluk – ag metkrsuo`kctmvmty. Xbus, metkrsuo`kctmvmty Ztbk warlh ag sbfrkh

dkfemeisT ms eat sadktbmei wbmcb wk dust gmrst tbkarktmcflly kstfolmsb me arhkr, tbke, ta fct.

Me mts cbfrfctkr fs aur auibt-ta-ok, m.k., fs tbk mhkfl ag f sbfrkh budfe gullekss, mt ms imvke ta

us fs f passmomlmty, f passmomlmty wbmcb wk dust rkflmsk tbrauib aur fctmaes. Me tbms rkifrh, tbk

praolkd ag metkrsuo`kctmvmty ms trfesgardkh meta tbft ag cfrmei gar tbk gfctuflly imvke Zfeh

bkeck grfimlkT wko ag budfe rklftmaes. Mt ms f wko, f ekxus, meta wbmcb wk frk oare feh wbmcb

wk aursklvks dust dfmetfme feh kxpfeh.

^frfhaxmcflly, tbk vfstkst stuhy ag vfluk me tbk Ykstkre warlh ms mdplkdketkh me tbk frkf ag

kcaeadmc vfluftmae. Xbms gacus ae tbk daektfry ms pkrbfps mehmcftmvk ag tbk prkvfmlmei wfys

ag tbmejmei tahfy. Bawkvkr, tbk raats ag tbms fpprafcb cfe ok gaueh me sacmfl feh palmtmcfl

tbauibt ft tbk tmdk wbke fttketmae wfs plfckh avkrwbkldmeily ae tbk spmrmtufl tbus aoscurmei

tbk dftkrmfl. Ag jky mdpartfeck frk caeckres rueemei tbrauib tbk warj ag Fhfd Sdmtb, @abe

Lacjk, feh Dfrx. Yarjmei me tmdks wbke kcaeadmc fspkcts wkrk ourmkh feh bmhhke grad tbkmetkrprktftmaes ag tbk stftk ag tbk warlh, tbksk futbars wkrk crucmfl me metrahucmei tbk


17/31

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uehkrstfehmei ag baw daeky okcadk f rkprksketftmae ag tbk wfys me wbmcb tbk vfluk ag

tbmeis ikts hmstartkh. Oumlhmei ae tbksk dahkre futbars, tbk stuhy ag vfluk feh vfluks wfs

flsa f prmdfry caeckre me clfssmcfl sacmalaiy (Hurjbkmd, Smddkl, feh Ykokr, gar kxfdplk).

Ekilkctkh gar f wbmlk, tbk stuhy ag vfluk ms dfjmei mt slawly ofcj aeta tbk fikehf ag sacmfl

scmkecks. Xbkrk ms f stkfhy metkrkst me sacmfl cfpmtfl Z38T, puolmc vfluk Z3;T, feh pastdahkre

ktbmcs Z37T ae tbk tbkarktmcfl smhk. Vufetmtftmvk ilaofl survkys ag vfluks kdkrikh me tbk dmh-

6==>s feh frk stmll caesmhkrkh mdpartfet me tbk lmibt ag vfluk systkds crfsbmei wmtb kfcb atbkr

me f ilaoflmzkh warlh (k.i. tbk Kurapkfe Wfluks Stuhmks ZKWST, 6==8-?>>7). Ofcbmjf feh

Scbulz Z39T kxplfme rkefmssfeck ag metkrkst me vfluk feh vfluks wmtb f cadplkx dmx ag sacmfl

scmkeck hmscaursk hyefdmcs feh rkfl-lmgk kvkets0 tbk 6=2>s/6==>s hkoftk oktwkke lmokrflmsd

feh cadduemtfrmfemsd feh, dark sa, tbk hkoftks ae tbk ralk ag vfluks me klkctmaes feh tbk

caetravkrsy foaut fllkikhly mekvmtfolk cmvmlmzftmaefl clfsbks.

Sacmfl pbmlasapby ms tbk dfme frkf me wbmcb vfluk ms caetmeuausly kxplarkh, kvke tbauibwmtbaut f hmrkct lmej ta prfctmck feh kvkryhfy lmgk. Xbk hmscussmaes me tbms gmklh frk lmejkh ta

dktf-ktbmcs hkoftmei tbk hmggkrket dktfpbysmcfl fpprafcbks ta vfluk. Xbk hmscussmaes

gluctuftk fraueh Jfetmfe ar sklg-hktkrdmemstmc fpprafcbks vkrsus Frmstatklmfe ar efturflmstmc

fpprafcbks ta vfluk `uhidkets feh fraueh ao`kctmvmsd, suo`kctmvmsd/metumtmvmsd feh

rklftmvmsd me ktbmcs (skk Sacmfl ^bmlasapby feh ^almcy, val. ?; (6), Ymetkr ?>>2). Xbkrk ms f

tkehkecy tahfy ag davmei fwfy grad Jfetmfe fpprafcbks ta ktbmcs, tbft ms - fpprafcbks

pastulftmei tbft budfe okmeis sbaulh ok me caetral ag tbkmr hkstmemks feh tbkmr darfl cbamcks.

Xbksk fpprafcbks frk crmtmcmzkh gar okmei hkckptmvk feh uerkflmstmc tbus puttmei uehuk

prkssurk ae mehmvmhufls. F eka-Frmstatklmfe fpprafcb ms stkfhmly ifmemei dadketud, fehfpprafcb wbmcb ms caeckrekh wmtb tbk jmeh ag structurks ekkhkh me sacmkty gar pkaplk ta

rkflmzk, fctuflmzk feh gulgmll tbkmr patketmfl. Xbk Xfvmstacj Mestmtutk Fctmae Lkfremei Spfck

cfe ok skke fs lacftkh me tbms wmhkr pbmlasapbmcfl grfdkwarj.

B6"/ 7--3#. 27,?% $" /7*3#. $:% +"6,- 7 ;%$$%6 =,7)%

Xbk Xfvmstacj Mestmtutk Fctmae Lkfremei Spfck ms eat f rfhmcflly ekw fpprafcb. _ftbkr, mt

skkjs ta rk-hkgmek prfctmcks wmtb laei bmstary feh trfhmtmae. Xbms rk-hkgmemtmae kehkfvars ta

fhhrkss gaur jky mssuks me tbk caetkdparfry caetkxt0

• Caetkdparfry lkfhkrs ha eat bfvk spfck ta tbmej okcfusk ag prkssurks grad foavk feh

oklaw: bawkvkr, tbksk prkssurks bfvk skvkrk caeskqukecks prahuckh oy dkfes ag

cfscfhmei hawe fexmkty feh prmdmtmvk pra`kctmaes frmsmei ft tbk tap:

• Xbk dast vulekrfolk dkdokrs ag tbk dfmestrkfd cadduemty cfeeat rkflmsk tbkmr gull

patketmfl okcfusk ag tbk caeskquket kxfckroftkh prkssurks ae tbkd: tbms ms pfrtmculfrly

hmggmcult me tbk currket caetkxt ag sbrmejmei appartuemtmks cadomekh wmtb fmh feh

skrvmcks tfriktkh ft hmsfhvfetfikh iraups aely, tbft gmibt gmrks dfmely:

• Cmvml sacmkty haks eat bfvk “orkftbmei— spfck fs f rksult ag fustkrmty dkfsurks feh

dfrjktmzftmae ag suppaskhly vfluk-ofskh feh mhkfl-iafl prfctmcks:

• Frtmsts feh atbkr culturfl scbalfrs feh mestmtutmaes frk dfrimeflmskh ar caddkrcmflmskh

wmtb tbk cast ag last jeawlkhik feh mesmibts foaut wfys garwfrh.


18/31

!"#$ !# &' "#

Mt ms mdpartfet ta fhhrkss tbk tfsj ag rk-hkgmemtmae ag prfctmcks me f wfy fllawmei ta rkcavkr

tbk stftus ag saul, waehkrmei feh rkfsae. Xbms rkcavkrkh stftus me ture cfe bklp us me

kxplarmei feh daomlmzmei vfluks fs tbk cark ag metkr-suo`kctmvmty. Oy fhhrkssmei tbksk mssuks,

tbk sauibt laei-tkrd mdpfct ms twagalh - fmdmei ft quflmtftmvk cbfeik ft tbk structurfl lkvkls

fs wkll fs ft gfcmlmtftmei tbk ekkhkh prackssks ta frrmvk tbkrk. Me structurfl tkrds, tbkao`kctmvks ag tbk pra`kct frk ta0

• Gastkr rksmstfeck ar crmtmcfl lkfhkrsbmp gar culturk cbfeik0 tbk purpask ms ta hkvklap

lkfhkrsbmp wbmcb ms dmehgul ag tbk kevmraedket fs ducb fs ag tbk mssuks gfcmei tbk

warjgarck. Xbms pasmtmae cfe kvalvk ta rksmstfeck lkfhkrsbmp me tmdks ag ekkh.

_ksmstfeck lkfhkrsbmp ms fe avkrlaajkh patketmfl ag lkfhkrsbmp. Xbms patketmfl ms okst

uehkrstaah fs tbk fomlmty ta rmhk wfvks ag hmssket me tauib tmdks: mt ms foaut lkfhmei gar

f vfluk-hrmvke cbfeik mestkfh ag tbk usufl fpprafcb ag dfefimei hmssket Z32T.

Caetrfry ta wmhksprkfh oklmkg, rksmstfeck lkfhkrsbmp ms f dust gar tbrmvmei

arifemsftmaes. _ksmstfeck lkfhkrsbmp cfe ok hkvklapkh flaeismhk dark caevketmaeflstylks tbft olkeh dfefikdket, cadpfssmae feh crkftmvmty wmtb ousmekss sjmlls:

• Fcbmkvk vmcfrmaus past-trfudftmc irawtb rftbkr tbfe vmcfrmaus trfudftmsftmae ag

prfctmtmaekrs me bmib-rmsj ousmekssks feh tbask warjmei wmtb ar iamei tbrauib

avkrwbkldmei kxpkrmkecks0 tbms cavkrs caeckpts rklftkh ta strkss-mehuckh oure-aut ft

tbk warj plfck feh dark efrrawly hkgmekh mssuks ag skcaehfry past-trfudftmc strkss me

tbask warjmei wmtb hmsfhvfetfikh feh trfudftmskh iraups: bawkvkr, tbksk caeckptufl

grfdkwarjs tkeh ta ekilkct tbk wmshad tbft cfe ok bfreksskh grad fcckssmei

suggkrmei feh gmehmei dkfemei me tbk skkdmeily dkfemeilkss:

• Xbrmvmei cadduemtmks tbft balh cmtmzkes wba frk fctmvk sacmflly, palmtmcflly feh

kcaeadmcflly feh fs f rksult fcbmkvmei dark cabksmvk sacmktmks, mecluhmei0a irkftkr pfrtmcmpftmae ag dmirfet, rkguikk, feh trfes-eftmaefl dmearmtmks:

a mdpravkh wkllokmei me pfrtmcmpftmei cadduemtmks tbfejs ta irkftkr sacmfl,

culturfl feh sydoalmc cfpmtfl:

a rkhuckh mecmhkets ag vmalkeck feh fousk feh

a mecrkfskh rksmlmkeck wbkrk mecmhkets bfppke.

Me tkrds ag prackssks, feh ta frrmvk ft tbksk structurfl cbfeiks, tbk ao`kctmvk ms ta fcbmkvk

mecrkfskh syekrimks feh crass-gkrtmlmsftmae oktwkke frtmstmc vkeuks, rkskfrcb feh khucftmaefl

oahmks feh mestmtutmaes bastmei pravmhmei spfcks. Kecaurfikh fppraprmftkly, tbksk syekrimks

lkfh ta dark kggkctmvk fctmae oy0

• Hkdacrftmsmei rkglkctmvk spfcks:

• Mdpravkh usk ag crkftmvmty feh rkckptmvmty:

• Hkvklapmei dark sapbmstmcftkh dktbahalaimks gar fcckssmei aur dmehs:

• Okttkr utmlmsftmae feh dark kggkctmvk hmstrmoutmae ag rksaurcks.

M2%61-71 ):7,,%#.%& ;%$+%%# 3#&$6?/%#$7, 7#- 27,?% 67$3"#7,3$3%&

Xbk jky ta skttmei up tbk irauehs gar sucb warj ms fcbmkvmei fe mestmtutmaefl suppart grad

wmtbme tbk arifemsftmae bastmei tbk spfck. Mt ms flsa mdpkrftmvk ta mhketmgy feh warj wmtb lmjk-


19/31

!"#$ !) &' "#

dmehkh kxtkrefl callfoarftars feh iftkjkkpkrs/meglukeckrs. Hkvklapmei tbk vmsmae feh gmehmei

wfys ta cadduemcftk tbms vmsmae ms passmolk me mtkrftmvk feh prairkssmvkly rkgmekh cyclks aely.

[elmjk rkplmcftkh prairfddks feh pra`kcts, warj me hkvklapdket gallaws tbk mhketmgmcftmae

ag tbk arifemsftmaefl caetkxt gar tbk warj. Xbms mecluhks tbk arifemsftmaefl structurks feh

cadduemcftmae garuds, tbk stfgg rkspaesmolk gar balhmei tbms caetkxt, feh tbk callfoarftarswba cfe gfcmlmtftk rkcrumtdket feh cfrry aut tbk warj. Okekftb tbk surgfck, tbms prackss

mevalvks warj wmtb pbfetfsmks, pra`kctmaes, oauehfrmks, hmscaursk, prfctmcks, rklftmaesbmps,

rklftkhekss, bmstary, starmks feh pawkr hyefdmcs. Xbksk frk agtke dark mdpartfet tbfe

gallawmei (ar tfjk avkr) kstfolmsbkh rulks, prackhurks feh cadduemcftmae rafhs. Gallawmei

kstfolmsbkh prackssks wfs me ture fggkctkh oy tbk memtmftmvk camecmhmei wmtb rk-hksmie feh

cbfeik dfefikdket wmtbme tbk arifemsftmae. Flsa, rkcrumtmei f tkfd metkreflly ms eat f lmekfr

prackss fs mt mevalvks skfrcb, tkst, ekiatmftmaes feh pkrsufsmae fs ducb fs bfrh kdatmaefl

lfoaur feh daomlmsftmae ag sjmlls ta efvmiftk me cadplkxmty wbmlk warjmei wmtb ueckrtfmety

feh stfymei wmtb eat jeawmei. F jky cbfllkeik, oatb metkreflly feh kxtkreflly, ms gmehmei

wfys ta ture cadpktmtmvkekss meta callfoarftmae oy cadduemcftmei me sucb f wfy tbft f tkfd

cfe caddmt ta f sbfrkh purpask.

Avkrfll, tbk Fctmae Lkfremei Spfck ms foaut apkemei f rkglkctmvk spfck tbft ms ft tbk sfdk

tmdk f ‒rkgkrket arifemsftmae' gar fhhrkssmei caetkdparfry sacmktfl cbfllkeiks. Xbms pravks ta

ok f lfoarmaus prackss fs mt agtke crfsbks meta tbk kxmstmei rautmeks feh tbk vkry hyefdmcs tbft

mt skkjs ta fhhrkss. [ehkrstfehmei tbk wfys me wbmcb tbk prairfddk ms f gfmlurk - fs ducb fs

mt ms f succkss - ms passmolk oy kdplaymei fe metkrprktmvmst pkrspkctmvk ta vfluk feh wbft

caestmtutks vfluk lkimtmdftkly. Xbms ms vkry ducb foaut uehkrstfehmei tbft warjmei ta apke,

eurturk feh sustfme rkglkctmvk spfcks, ms f cadplkx prackss. Mt ms tare oktwkke lkimtmdmsmei tbkmevkstdket ag budfe feh atbkr rksaurcks feh kekrimks rkifrhmei mestrudketfl rftmaeflmty, ae

aek bfeh, vkrsus hkdaestrftmei tbk vfluk rftmaeflmty ag cbaasmei ta warj me f wfy tbft

fppkfrs eae-prahuctmvk.

Me f wfy, wk cfe sfy tbft tbk vkry stfrtmei pamet ag tbk pra`kct ms tbk pbkeadkeae ag wbft

Ykokr cfllkh vfluk rftmaeflmty (Ykrtrftmaeflmtèt ) - praofoly tbk lkfst kxplarkh mhkfl typk ag

sacmfl fctmae me Ykokr”s warj. Bk hmstmeiumsbks oktwkke trfhmtmaefl, fggkctmaeftk, vfluk

rftmaeflmty feh mestrudketfl rftmaeflmty. Ybmlk tbk gmrst twa typks frk rftbkr metumtmvk feh kfsy

ta irfsp, tbk lfttkr twa frk dark cadplkx – fs tbky kdkrik wmtb fe mecrkfsmei cadplkxmty ag

mehmvmhufl, sacmfl feh palmtmcfl lmvks. Hkspmtk tbft mt mevalvks tbk apkrftmae ag vfluk,

mestrudketfl rftmaeflmty skrvks kehs tbft frk okst hkscrmokh fs prfctmcfl rksults. Oy caetrfst,

vfluk rftmaeflmty ms caeckrekh wmtb tbk rkflmzftmae ag tbk sydoalmc dkfemeis ag tbk fctmae.

Xbk hktrmdketfl kggkcts ag tbk irawtb ag mestrudketfl rftmaeflmty me dahkremty frk orafhly

kxplarkh me sacmfl feh sacmalaimcfl feflysks avkr tbk hkcfhks gallawmei Yarlh Yfr MM. Xbk

rksult wfs f hmskecbfetdket wmtb tbk dahkremty pra`kct fs f wbalk. Xbk hfeikrs ag

mestrudketfl rftmaeflmty frk bmiblmibtkh me tbk crmtmcfl tbkary warj ag tbk Grfejgurt Scbaal,

feh me past-dahkremst feh past-structurflmst fltkreftmvk vmsmaes ag dahkremty. Dahkremty ms

agtke skke fs f rkirkssmvk dahk, dark tbfe f prairkssmvk stfik, ag tbk budfe caehmtmae. Xbkstuhy ag vfluk rftmaeflmty plfys fe mdpartfet ralk me ^frsae's tbkary ag sacmfl arhkr. Mt


20/31

!"#$ "* &' "#

pastulftks tbft tbk arhkrlmekss ag sacmfl fctmae ms f guectmae ag tbk sacmflmzftmae ag fctars meta

tbk vfluks feh eards cbfrfctkrmstmc ag tbkmr sacmkty. Xbms lmek ag mevkstmiftmae wfs metkrruptkh

oy Ifrgmejkl, wba aoskrvkh tbft eards feh vfluks rkqumrk metkrprktftmae, wbmcb dfjks tbkd

fe klusmvk suo`kct ag stuhy gar tbk (ao`kctmvk) scmkeck ag sacmalaiy.

Sacmfl scmketmsts me tbk 6=2>s caesmhkrkh tbk apkrftmae ag vfluks, me pfrtmculfr ‒past-

dftkrmflmst' vfluks, f smie tbft tbk kcaeadmc feh fhdmemstrftmvk rftmaeflmty uehkrlymei dahkd

sacmkty ms hkstraykh oy tbk past-Yarlh Yfr MM culturk. Bfokrdfs Z3=, p.2>T, gar kxfdplk,

hkscrmoks tbms prackss me tkrds ag tbk wfys me wbmcb trfhmtmaefl dftkrmflmst vfluks frk okmei

rkplfckh oy ekw vfluks. Xbksk ekw vfluks bk sfw fs fttfcbkh ta sklg-rkflmzftmae, budfe

rklftmaes, feh efturk caeskrvftmae. Crucmflly, tbksk vfluks frk flsa lmejkh ta ‒armketftmaes

cbfrfctkrmstmc ag darfl skesmomlmty - gar kxfdplk, tbk metkrkst me tbk pratkctmae feh kxtkesmvk

usk ag cmvml rmibts feh hkdacrftmc sklg-hktkrdmeftmae' Zmomh.T.

F lmtkrfturk rkvmkw me caetkdparfry sacmfl scmkecks, bawkvkr, suiiksts tbft okbmeh wbft tbk prkvmaus ikekrftmae rkskfrcbkrs mhketmgmkh fs ‒dftkrmflmst” feh ‒past-dftkrmflmst” vfluks lmks f

hyefdmc tkesmae oktwkke prfidftmc metkrksts feh darfl armketftmaes. Mt cfe ok friukh tbft tbk

twa skts ag vfluks tkeh ta ca-kxmst rftbkr tbfe rkplfck kfcb atbkr. Oatb metkrksts feh vfluks

frk caesmhkrkh me clfssmcfl sacmalaiy kssketmfl. Smddkl, gar kxfdplk, hmstmeiumsbkh oktwkke

oauehmei feh ormhimei fssacmftmaes tbft stkd grad metkrksts feh vfluks rkspkctmvkly. Xbk twa

wkrk flsa caesmhkrkh jky gar datmvftmei palmtmcflly rklkvfet fctmae feh lkimtmdftmei stftks (hk

Xacqukvmllk feh Ykokr). Mt ms tbkmr metkrplfy, flaei wmtb prackssks ag pawkr, cbfrmsdf, feh

rkglkxmvmty tbft sagtke tbk salmhmty, kvke rmimhmty, ag dahkremty kdoahmkh me structurks feh

mestmtutmaes, tbus lkfhmei us ta fe uekxplarkh lfykr ag f lmqumh dahkremty Z8>, 86, 8?T.

Wfluk spbkrks frk tbk hadfme ag tbk Ykokrmfe culturfl okmei (Julturdkescb), kehawkh ‒wmtb

tbk cfpfcmty feh tbk wmll ta hklmokrftkly tfjk f pasmtmae ae tbk warlh feh fscrmok dkfemei ta

mt' (Ykokr, 6=8=026 me Z83T, p.39 trfeslftmae fdkehkh). Xbk wbalk Xfvmstacj Mestmtutk Fctmae

Lkfremei Spfck fs f pra`kct, feh tbk wfys me wbmcb M fd fpprafcbmei mts hkvklapdket,

prackkhs grad tbk bypatbksms tbft Ykokr's rkstrmctmae ag vfluk rftmaeflmty ta ckrtfme vfluk

spbkrks haks eat pfy `ustmck ta tbk cadplkx wfys me wbmcb vfluk rftmaeflmty apkrftks. Bkeck,

M kehkfvaur ta ormei taiktbkr tbk caeckpt ag vfluk rftmaeflmty wmtb Grkuh's eatmae ag efturfl

ktbmcs (6=?6, 6=?3). Fs Sbkr (?>660pp) suddfrmsks Grkuh's friudket, ‒ZaTek cfe suoscrmok ta

tbk vmkw tbft budfe efturk keikehkrs f skt ag budfe vfluks, wbmcb frk praofoly gfmrly

tmdklkss, ofskh ae tbk meeftk prapkesmty ag budfe okmeis ta kstfolmsb budfe rklftmaes - wbft

pradatks budfe rklftmaes ms ktbmcflly iaah feh wbft suovkrts feh uehkrdmeks budfe

rklftmaes ms ktbmcflly ofh”. Xbms prapasmtmae ms caegmrdkh oy tbk eatmae ag vflkecy hkvklapkh

oy Omae me 6=76, fccarhmei ta wbmcb budfe okmeis bfvk f efturfl prapkesmty ta mddkrsk

tbkdsklvks me iraups. Xbms prapkesmty sadktmdks rkfcbks tbk pamet ag hmssalvmei fey

rftmaeflmty meta ofsmc fssudptmaes tbft skrvk kdatmaefl ekkhs. Gurtbkrdark, tbms prapkesmty

tfjks avkr tbk rftmaefl warjmei tfsj ag tbk iraup. Yk cfe bypatbksmsk tbft tbk stuhy ag vfluk

rftmaeflmty uetml tahfy wfs lmdmtkh oy tbk lfcj ag cfpfcmty ag oatb tbk psycbafeflytmc feh tbk

sacmalaimcfl fppfrftus ta laaj okyaeh sacmfl gfcts feh ta lmej tbkd wmtb mehmvmhufl feh iraup psycbahyefdmcs.


21/31

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Xbms prapaskh fpprafcb ta vfluk rftmaeflmty haks eat kxcluhk tbk feflysms hkvklapkh me tbk

Currket Sacmalaiy daeairfpb mssuk ae Wfluks feh Culturk. Xbk daeairfpb kxplarks baw

vfluks frk sbfpkh oy out flsa rkglkct mehmvmhufl, sacmfl, kcaeadmc, kpacbfl feh culturfl

structurks feh prackssks. Aek ag tbk jky mhketmgmkh cbfllkeiks ms tbk caetkdparfry culturfl

glux tbft tkehs ta rklftmvmsk vfluks. Gar kxfdplk, oy rkvkflmei baw trfhmtmaefl darfl vfluks agmehmikeaus iraups frk irfhuflly swkpt fwfy oy tbk ilaoflmsmei cfpmtflmst dfrjkt kcaeady,

Cbkk-Okei Z88T, hkdaestrftks tbft vfluks bfvk kcalaimcfl feh palmtmcfl ofsks. Feh ykt,

rklftmvmsftmae ag vfluks cfe ok trfcjkh eat aely ta tbk kggkcts ag tbk daeky kcaeady, out

skkds ta ok hkkply raatkh me tbk dahkremty pra`kct wmtb tbk caeskquket fkstbktmcmsftmae ag

rkflmty feh tbk mdoflfeck oktwkke ao`kctmvk feh suo`kctmvk culturk Z8;T. Xbk rklftmvmsftmae ag

vfluks sbaulh eat ok caeguskh wmtb tbk plurflmty ag vfluks. Xbk plurflmty ag vfluks ms

caesmhkrkh f vfluk ae mts awe rmibt me tbk caetkdparfry hkdacrftmc warlh Z87: 89T.

Mt cfe ok sfmh wmtb caegmhkeck tbft vfluks cbfeik0

f) me rkspaesk ta caetkxts:

o) me rklftmae ta sacmfl, palmtmcfl, culturfl feh kcaeadmc garcks:

c) me tbk caursk ag mehmvmhufl hkvklapdket:

h) wmtb tbk fccudulftmae ag lmgk kxpkrmkecks:

k) wmtb fe mecrkfskh uehkrstfehmei ag atbkrs feh tbkmr struiilks: feh

g) uehkr tbk meglukeck ag pragkssmaefl fspkcts ag mhketmty Z82, pp. ???-??3T.

Xbksk hyefdmcs cfe ok uehkrstaah me tbk lmibt ag tbk Xfvmstacj systkds psycbahyefdmc

pkrspkctmvk. Xbk pkrspkctmvk kxplarks tbk wfys me wbmcb tbk mehmvmhufl dmeh dfemgksts mtsklg

me f callkctmvk ketkrprmsk. Mt flsa trfcks baw tbms dfemgkstftmae lmejs ta f iraup-fs-f-wbalk

guectmaemei tbft ms quflmtftmvkly hmggkrket grad feh agtke suodkriks mehmvmhufl dmehs. Xbk

Xfvmstacj pfrfhmid tbus pravmhks fe kxplarftary grfdkwarj ta ormei taiktbkr tbk sacma-

palmtmcfl feh tbk psycba-sacmfl.

_kcket hkvklapdkets ag iraup rklftmaes tbkary frk pfrtmculfrly rklkvfet fs tbky lmej ta

cadplkxmty tbkary feh wfys ag uehkrstfehmei tbk warjmeis ag tbk culturfl feh tbk palmtmcfl me

tbk iraup dketflmty. Cadplkxmty tbkary pastulftks tbft mehmvmhufl, arifemsftmaefl feh sacmfl

rkflmtmks frk metkrhkpkehket feh oumlt fraueh dultmplk sklg-fh`ustmei feh metkrfctmei systkds

tbft frk cbfrfctkrmskh oy kvkr-prksket ueprkhmctfomlmty feh pfrfhax. Caeskquketly, fey warjme cadplkx systkds rkqumrks ekw caeckptufl grfdkwarjs tbft mecarparftk f hyefdmc,

kdkriket, crkftmvk, feh metumtmvk vmkw ag tbk warlh tbft bfs ta rkplfck trfhmtmaefl “rkhuck feh

rksalvk— fpprafcbks.

Xbk tkesmae oktwkke mestrudketfl feh vfluk rftmaeflmtmks frk `ust aek, out crucmfl fspkct ag

baw tbk hkvklapdket ag tbk pra`kct ms eat mdduek ta hyefdmcs me tbk gmklh tbft mt skkjs ta

fhhrkss. Xbk ekxt skctmae laajs meta baw M fd plfeemei ta fhhrkss tbms cbfllkeik, tbus dfjmei

passmolk tbk klfoarftmae ag f sacmfl metkrvketmae hkrmvkh grad wbft ms currketly dkrkly f skt ag

okspajk warj iraups.


22/31

!"#$ "" &' "#

@%J$ &$%=&0 96"/ ,""&% .6"?=& $" 7 &")37, 3#$%62%#$3"#

Xbk currket warj mevalvks rkfcbmei aut ta rkcrumt dkdokrs gar tbk iraups ta tkst, hkvklap feh

gurtbkr fhùst tbk prackssks surrauehmei mestfllmei tbkd fs appartuemtmks gar cadduemty feh

arifemsftmaefl cabksmae, mehmvmhufl feh gfdmly bkflmei feh irawtb – tbft ms, fs prahucts ft tbkdkzza-lkvkl. Ft tbk dmcra-lkvkl, tbkrk ms f gurtbkr ekkh ta kebfeck tbk dktbahalaiy me f wfy

fllawmei ta cadpkesftk gar tbk rksaurck metkesmty feh tmdk mevkstdket ag currket

dktbahalaimks gar gfcmlmtftmei rkglkctmvk spfcks wmtbaut lasmei tbk pawkr ag cbfeik ft

mehmvmhufl, arifemsftmaefl feh cadduemty lkvkls. Fhhrkssmei tbms ekkh rkqumrks olkehmei

tkcbemquks me f wfy fccklkrftmei iraup hyefdmcs sa tbft tbk iraups warj kggkctmvkly me tbk

currket caetkxt cbfrfctkrmskh oy fimlk rkspaesks, rkhrfwmei oauehfrmks feh ta fe kxtket kvke

turdaml feh glux. Xbk cadomekh warjmeis ft tbk dkzza- feh dmcra-lkvkls frk hksmiekh ta (ar

"metkehmei ta") mdplkdket f sacmfl metkrvketmae ft tbk dfcra-lkvkl fs prksketkh me Gmiurk ? – f

Xbkary ag Cbfeik dfp. Zmeskrt gmiurk ?T

Xbk plfeekh dktbahalaiy cadprmsks f Guturk Skfrcb Caegkrkeck gar sacmfl scmketmsts feh

frtmsts me tbrkk skttmeis, twa Hksmie Caegkrkecks me twa cauetrmks: fll gallawkh up oy tke

Fctmae Lkfremei Skts ae fctufl prfctmck. Xbk purpask ms ta0

• Kxtkeh aur fctmvmtmks ta caesalmhftk tbksk fspkcts tbft olkeh frts wmtb rkskfrcb feh

caesultfecy:

• âlmsb feh pmlat f skrmks ag rkglkctmvk spfcks gar wmhkr cadduemtmks metkrwkfvmei

rkskfrcb, caesultfecy feh frts me tbrkk smtks.

F patketmfl autput caulh ok skttmei up fe metkreftmaefl sacmfl ketkrprmsk. Mt wmll pradatk tbk

hkdacrftmsftmae ag rkglkctmvk spfcks tbft usk f raoust olkeh ag frts feh sacmfl scmkeck.

Ormeimei taiktbkr frts feh sacmfl scmkeck wmll gfcmlmtftk pfrtmcmpftary fuhmkeck hkvklapdket

vmf warjsbaps feh passmoly okekgmcmfrmks' awe pra`kcts. Me arhkr ta fcbmkvk tbksk fmds, tbk

wfy garwfrh skkds ta ok mestfllmei rkglkctmvk spfcks gar tbk mdplkdketmei tkfds tbkdsklvks.

Xbksk kvkets gar dultm-hmscmplmefry tkfds cadprmsmei frtmsts feh sacmfl scmketmsts cfe

kggkctmvkly okekgmt grad Lfrik Iraup Metkrvketmaes dktbahalaiy fs suddfrmzkh me tbk suo-

skctmaes oklaw. ZMeskrt gmiurk 3T

B?$?6% 5%76): !"#9%6%#)% 9"6 OL 76$3&$& 7#- &")37, &)3%#$3&$& 96"/ $+" )"?#$63%&=6"23-3#. $:% -399%6%#$ =6"K%)$ &3$%&

Guturk Skfrcb caegkrkecks wkrk hkvklapkh fs f dktbah ag lfrik iraup metkrvketmae gar rfpmh

cbfeik oy f eudokr ag scbalfrs me tbk [S feh okyaeh. Xbk Xfvmstacj Mestmtutk caetrmoutmae

caesmsts ag hkvklapdkets metrahuckh oy Xrmst feh Kdkry me tbk6=;>s feh 6=7>s. Xbky

metkehkh ta bklp mehustrmks fhùst me turoulket tmdks vmf fe fpplmcftmae ag tbk Sacma-tkcbemcfl

Systkds fpprafcb. Xbk tfsj ag tbk gfcmlmtftmei tkfd, ar stfgg, ms ta balh tbk spfck – ta dfmetfme

tbk metkirmty ag prackss feh structurk - me arhkr ta kefolk f hmflaiuk oktwkke tbk hmggkrket

pfrts ag tbk systkd mevalvkh. Xbk tfsj ag tbk caegkrkeck dfefikr ms ta suiikst caevkrsftmaes

tbft frk wartb bfvmei, rftbkr tbfe ta cadpmlk fikehfs.


23/31

!"#$ "$ &' "#

Guturk Skfrcb caegkrkecks avkrfll hrfw rkprksketftmvks ag tbk wbalk systkd, out lmdmt tbkd ta

tbask wba waulh bfvk rkspaesmomlmty gar tbk gallaw-up. Me tbms cfsk, M fmd ta mevalvk sacmfl

scmketmsts feh frtmsts caddmttkh ta fspkcts ag tbk dktbahalaiy feh tbk vfluks ag tbk pra`kct.

Xbk caegkrkeck wmll hkfl wmtb tbk systkd me mts kevmraedket feh wmll warj wmtb fe kdpbfsms

ae f cadduemty ag pkaplk tfjmei fctmae ta dfjk tbkmr hksmrfolk guturk bfppke. Mestkfh ag tbktrfhmtmaefl gacus ae f straei arfl culturk, bawkvkr, mt wmll warj wmtb f cadomeftmae ag

starytkllmei, metkrprktftmae, wrmtmei feh f rfeik ag frtmstmc tkcbemquks.

F caegkrkeck ag tbms typk typmcflly kxplarks tbk systkd bmstary, wbft cfe ok lkfrekh grad mts

cbfeimei kevmraedket feh grad wbft pfrtmcmpfets cfe fccadplmsb taiktbkr. Xbk gacus ms ae

kxplarmei passmolk firkkdkets oktwkke dkdokrs. Xbms caegkrkeck ms eat f praolkd-salvmei

garud, out f caegkrkeck me skfrcb ag fe mhkfl guturk sckefrma. Xbk jky cadpaeket ms mts

plfeemei, wbmcb mevalvks crfgtmei tbk purpask ag tbk caegkrkeck feh sklkctmei feh rkcrumtmei

dkdokrs fccarhmeily. Xbk kxpkctkh autput wmll ok, eat aely mhketmgymei tbk hksmrkh sckefrma,

out flsa crkftmei fe ketmty ta caarhmeftk gallaw-up fctmae feh fctmvmtmks.

C%&3.# )"#9%6%#)%& 3# $:% $+" )"?#$63%& D9"6 ,")7, $%7/&E

Gallawmei tbk mhketmgmcftmae ag tbk hksmrkh guturk feh firkkh dkfes feh dkdokrs ta cfrry tbk

vmsmae garwfrh, tbk dkdokrs wba rkdfme caddmttkh wmll gard tkfds me tbk [J feh mhkflly me

aek atbkr K[ cauetry. Me arhkr ta hksmie tbk prackssks feh structurks gar tbms warj, kfcb

eftmaefl tkfd wmll dkkt me f ?-hfy hksmie caegkrkeck. Xbk hksmie caegkrkecks wmll mevalvk f

cadomeftmae ag gfst cyclk gull pfrtmcmpftmae warj hksmie feh rkfl-tmdk warj hksmie. Xbk

hksmie caegkrkecks wmll mecluhk0

f) fe armketftmae wmtb f vmkw ag tbk vmsmae mhketmgmkh hurmei tbk skfrcb caegkrkeck:

o) callkctmae feh feflysms ag lacfl stfjkbalhkr kxpkctftmaes:

c) tkcbemcfl warj systkd feflysms:

h) warj lmgk feflysms: feh

k) hksmie(s) hkrmvkh grad tbask.

Xbk hksmie caegkrkeck wmll ok gallawkh oy 6-hfy hkkp hmvk hkhmcftkh ta fetmcmpftmae feh

salvmei praolkds frmsmei grad tbk fctufl lfuecb ag fe mdplkdketftmae ag tbk fctmvmtmks hkgmekh

ft tbk hksmie caegkrkeck. Xbk hmscrkpfecy oktwkke tbk ekw hksmie feh tbk alh suppart systkd

prackssks ms lmjkly ta sfoatfik tbk ekw hksmie. Xbk hkkp hmvk hfy gacusks tbk fttketmae ae

tbksk prackssks hkscrmokh foavk me arhkr ta mhketmgy wbft ms ekkhkh mg tbk ekw systkd ms ta

warj.


24/31

!"#$ "% &' "#

sdfll iraups hklmvkrkh oy quflmgmkh stfgg. Xbky wmll usk tbk dktbahalaiy ag Fctmae Lkfremei

Skts wmtb tbk gallawmei fmds0

a Xa stuhy, sustfme feh dultmply tbk kggkcts ag tbk lfrik iraup metkrvketmaes:

a Xa suppart tbk mdplkdketmei tkfds me palmsbmei tbk structurk feh prackssks ekkhkh

gar tbk succkssgul mdplkdketftmae ag tbk warjsbaps wmtb tbk keh okekgmcmfrmks:

a Xa rkglkct ae tbk kxpkrmkecks, ta lkfre grad tbkd feh ta fhùst tkcbemquks,

dktbahalaiy, caeckpts, dahkls feh strftkiy:

a Xa daemtar, kvfluftk feh hacudket rmsjs feh ta hkvklap dmtmiftmae strftkimks feh fh-

bac salutmaes.

!"#),?&3"#

M lkfrekh foaut tbk Lftme sfymei "Aur prfykr ms aur lfoaur" grad f dfe M trfvkllkh tbk sfdkrafh wmtb rkcketly. Bk taaj prmhk me bms warj tbft mevalvkh dfey àurekys, feh tbms ào wfs f

pfrt ag bms sklg – wbft M cfll tbk ralk. Fltbauib bms accupftmae wfs eat wbft caestmtutks bms

mhketmty feh wbft dfjks bmd f pkrsae, mt skkdkh ta ok tbms pfrt ag bmdsklg tbrauib wbmcb bk

dfemgksts f bmibkr sklg. Oy f bmibkr sklg me tbms caetkxt M dkfe tbms pfrt ag us tbft lmejs hkkply

wmtb tbk sacmfl ta dfjk f caetrmoutmae ta sacmkty feh fe aggkrmei ta wbft wk jkkp sfcrkh. Xbk

Xfvmstacj Mestmtutk Fctmae Lkfremei Spfck ms hksmiekh ta eurturk prkcmskly tbksk pfrts ag aur

sklvks, aur sklg me f ralk – ok mt tbk ralk ag f gfdmly dkdokr, cadduemty dkdokr ar f dkdokr

ag f pragkssmae ar fe arifemzftmae. Mt tbus aggkrs fe fltkreftmvk, lkss dkhmcflmzkh feh lkss

stmidftmzmei utmlmzftmae ag iraup hyefdmcs gar kdpawkrdket, kdfecmpftmae, feh futaeady.

Xbms pfpkr prksketkh f sefpsbat ag tbk caeckptufl grfdkwarj feh tbk currket stftk ag tbk

pra`kct, gallawkh oy f hmscussmae ag baw tbk Fctmae Lkfremei Spfck lmejs ta caetkdparfry

tkesmaes me tbk sacmfl rkfld rklftkh ta vfluk feh tbkarktmcfl hkoftks me tbk gmklh. Xbk lfst

skctmae wfs fe avkrvmkw ag tbk ekkhkh ekxt stkps ta caetmeuk tbk mecuoftmae feh meeavftmae

ag rkglkctmvk spfcks tbrauib tbms pfrtmculfr skt ag iraups me f wfy dultmplymei tbkmr mdpfct.

Imvke tbft tbms ms fe fccauet feh f rkpart ae fe kdkriket warj me prairkss, tbkrk frk eat

dfey caeclusmaes ta ok hrfwe ykt. Ekvkrtbklkss, tbk vkry passmomlmty ag tbmejmei foaut f

pra`kct ag tbms scflk spkfjs ag f ekkh feh fe apkemei, me tbk currket caetkxt, tbft waulh dfjk

sucb warj passmolk. Xbkrk ms f irawmei hmssftmsgfctmae fdaei iraup gfcmlmtftars feharifemzftmaefl caesultfets wmtb tbk wfys me wbmcb kxtkrefl prkssurks mevflmhftk kxmstmei

dktbahs feh tbkmr stfehfrhs.

Xbk pfpkr ms, tbkrkgark, fdomtmaus me fmdmei ta skt up fe kxfdplk ag ekiatmftmei

dktbahalaimcfl sbmgts feh wfys ta fccaddahftk caetkdparfry hkdfehs wmtbaut

cadpradmsmei tbk quflmty ag f warj iraup. Dy bapk ms tbft, fs sucb, tbms pfpkr, wmll apke

spfck gar rkvmkw feh feflysks ag atbkr smdmlfr fhfptftmaes ag iraup rklftmaes dktbahalaimks.

Dark mdpartfetly, M fd metkrkstkh ta stmdulftk f hmscussmae ag baw iraup rklftmaes

dktbahalaimks keifik me hmflaiuks wmtb atbkr hmscmplmeks ta skrvk pkaplk ae tbkmr àureky ta

ok tbk okst tbky cfe ok.


25/31

!"#$ "& &' "#

Xa rkimstkr fe metkrkst mg yau skk yaursklg f lmjk-dmehkh callkfiuk, yau cfe kdfml dk ft

d.stftkvfNtfvmestmtutk.ari feh suoscrmok ta f eudokr ag lkfremei lais hklmvkrkh ta

callfoarftars feh lmjk-dmehkh callkfiuks gar pkkr rkvmkw feh ta kermcb tbkmr awe warj.

AMBMAM@!M5

6. Omae, Y. (6=76) Kxpkrmkecks me iraups feh atbkr pfpkrs, Xfvmstacj ^uolmcftmaes

?. Iraup _klftmaes _kfhkr, valudks 6,?,3, F.J._mck Mestmtutk

3. Frfd, K. kt fl (?>6;) Iraup _klftmaes Yarj, Jfrefc Oaajs

8. Xrmst, K. (6=9=) ‒_kgkrket Arifemzftmaes feh tbk Hkvklapdket ag Metkr-ArifemzftmaeflHadfmes”. F hmstmeiumsbkh lkcturk ta tbk Fcfhkdy ag Dfefikdket (Arifemzftmae feh


26/31

!"#$ "' &' "#

Dfefikdket Xbkary Hmvmsmae) 3=tb Feeufl Caevketmae, Ftlfetf, Ikarimf, 6=9=. ûolmsbkh

me Budfe _klftmaes, 370?7=-28, 6=23

;. _fdflmeifd, W. (?>6?) Metkirftmae0 Ybft Yarjs1, f rkskfrcb rkpart: Mestmtutk gar

Strftkimc Hmflaiuk

7. Okcj, [. (6==2) Yarlh _msj Sacmkty, Cfdormhik0 âlmty ^rkss

9. Orueemei, B. feh ^krmem, D. (?>6>) ^sycbafeflytmc ^krspkctmvk ae f Xuroulket Yarlh,

Jfrefc Oaajs.

2. Imhhkes, F. (6===) ‒_msj feh _kspaesmomlmty”, Dahkre Lfw _kvmkw 7?(6)0 6-6>.Hfrtmeitae

X. (?>6>) Dfefimei Wulekrfomlmty0 Xbk [ehkrlymei Hyefdmcs ag Systkds ag Cfrk, Xfvmstacj

Clmemc Skrmks, Laehae0 Jfrefc Oaajs

=. Pmzkj, S. (?>>2) Wmalkeck, Dfcdmllf

6>. Bfll, @. (?>>=) Fpacflypsk0 grad fetmqumty ta tbk kdpmrk ag dahkremty, âlmty ^rkss

66. Bmesbklwaah, _. (?>6;) _kglkctmae ar fctmae0 Feh ekvkr tbk twfme sbfll dkkt,

uepuolmsbkh pfpkr prksketkh ft tbk âlmtmcfl Dmeh Skrmks

6?. Irasz, K. (?>>8) Walftmlk oahmks, Mehmfef.

63. Xurekr, C. (6=2=) Saurcks ag sklg, Bfrwfrh [emvkrsmty ^rkss

68. Xrmst, K. (6=27) Xbk sacmfl keifikdket ag sacmfl scmkeck, v. 6 Xbk Sacma-^sycbalaimcfl

^krspkctmvk, Xfvstacj ûolmcftmaes

6;. Xrmst, K. (6=27) Xbk sacmfl keifikdket ag sacmfl scmkeck, v. ? Xbk Sacma-Xkcbemcfl

Systkds ^krspkctmvk, Xfvstacj ûolmcftmaes

67. Xrmst, K. (6=27) Xbk sacmfl keifikdket ag sacmfl scmkeck, v. 3 Xbk Sacma-Kcalaimcfl

^krspkctmvk, Xfvstacj ûolmcftmaes

69. Omae, Y. (6=76) Kxpkrmkecks me iraups feh atbkr pfpkrs, Xfvmstacj ûolmcftmaes

62. Bfbe, F. (6==8) Smeckrmty feh Atbkr Yarjs0 Callkctkh ^fpkrs ag Haeflh Dkltzk, Jfrefc

Oaajs

6=. _aokrts, W. feh Aobalzkr, F. (6==8) Xbk [ecaescmaus ft Yarj0 Mehmvmhufl feh

Arifemzftmaefl Strkss me tbk Budfe Skrvmcks, _autlkhik

?>. Iraup _klftmaes _kfhkr, valudks 6,?,3, F.J._mck Mestmtutk

?6. Frfd, K. kt fl (?>6;) Iraup _klftmaes Yarj, Jfrefc Oaajs


27/31

!"#$ "( &' "#

??. Ouejkr, O. feh Flofe, O. (6==9) Lfrik iraup metkrvketmaes0 keifimei tbk wbalk systkd

gar rfpmh cbfeik, @assky-Ofss

?3. Ykstoarh, D. feh @feagg, S. (?>6>) Guturk Skfrcb0 Ikttmei tbk Ybalk Systkd me tbk

_aad gar Wmsmae, Caddmtdket, feh Fctmae : Ofrkt Cakblkr ûolmsbkrs

?8. Gullkr, S. (?>>>). Xbk Iavkrefeck ag Scmkeck, Oucjmeibfd & ^bmlfhklpbmf0 Apke

[emvkrsmty ^rkss

?;. Halfe, S. Ifrcmf, S. _mcblky, O. (?>>7) Dfefimei oy vfluk0 f carparftk iumhk ta lmvmei,

okmei flmvk, feh dfjmei f lmvmei me ?6 cketury, ^flirfvk

?7. Cueemeibfd, ^. Cueemeibfd D. feh Gftklemi, ^. (?>>3) Oumlhmei tbk jeawlkhik

kcaeady, ^frt ?, MAS ^rkss

?9. _kyealhs, D. feh Wmeck, _. (?>>8) Arifemzmei _kglkctmae, Fsbrmhik

?2. Sbkr, D. (?>63) Xbk Hyefdmcs ag Cbfeik0 Xfvmstacj fpprafcbks ta mdpravmei sacmfl

systkds, Jfrefc

?=. Lfei, Y. Lmttlk, D. Craeke, W (6==>) Xbk systkdmc pragkssmaefl hadfmes ag fctmae feh

tbk qukstmae ag ekutrflmty, me Budfe sustkds0 tbk @aurefl ag Systkdmc Caesultftmae feh

Dfefikdket, v. 6

3>. Hkrrmhf, @. (6==9) Ag Irfddftalaiy, Ofltmdark & Laehae0 Xbk @abe Bapjmes [emvkrsmty^rkss.

36. Durrfy, _. Cfulmkr-Irmkck, @. feh Dulife, I. (?>6>) Xbk Apke Oaaj ag Sacmfl

Meeavftmae, Sacmfl Meeavftmae Skrmks, Laehae0 ]auei Gauehftmae

3?. Lfwrkeck, Y. I. 6===) Xbk Caetrmoutmae ag Sacmfl Hrkfdmei ta Sacma-Feflysms. Sacma-

Feflysms. Wal.6, Ea. 6

33. Dkescb, @. (6=22) Metkrsuo`kctmvmty feh Xrfesckehketfl Mhkflmsd, S[E] Skrmks me

Caetkdparfry Caetmeketfl ^bmlasapby, Stftk [emvkrsmty ag Ekw ]arj ^rkss

38. ûtefd, _. (?>>>) Oawlmei Flaek0 Xbk Callfpsk feh _kvmvfl ag Fdkrmcfe Cadduemty

3;. Okeemeitae, @. feh Daark, D. (?>66) ûolmc Wfluk0 Xbkary feh ^rfctmck, ^flirfvk

Dfcdmllfe

37. Ofudfe, P. (?>>3) âstdahkre Ktbmcs, Olfcjwkll ûolmsbmei

39. _ Ofcbmjf feh D.S. Scbulz (khs) Wfluks feh culturk0 tbk sacmfl sbfpmei ag tbk guturk,

Currket Sacmalaiy, ;= (?)


28/31

!"#$ "# &' "#

32. Pallkr, B. feh Gfmrburst, I. (?>>9) _ksmstfeck lkfhkrsbmp0 Xbk avkrlaajkh patketmfl me

crmtmcfl arifemzftmae feh lkfhkrsbmp stuhmks, Budfe _klftmaes Skptkdokr ?>>9 7>0 6336-637>

3=. Bfokrdfs, @. (6=23) Darfl Caescmausekss feh Cadduemcftmvk Fctmae

8>. B. B. IK_XB feh C. Y_MIBX DMLLS (khs) (6=87) Grad Dfx Ykokr0 Kssfys me

sacmalaiy, Axgarh [emvkrsmty ^rkss

86. Imhhkes, F. (6==>) Xbk caeskqukecks ag dahkremty, Ymlky

8?. Ofudfe, P. (?>>>) Lmqumh Dahkremty, ^almty ^rkss

83. Afjks, I. (?>>3) Dfx Ykokr ae vfluk rftmaeflmty feh vfluk spbkrks0 crmtmcfl rkdfrjs, me

@aurefl ag Clfssmcfl Sacmalaiy, val.3 (6), pp. ?9-8;

88. Cbkk-Okei (?>66) Cfpmtflmst dfrjkt vfluks me Kfst Dflfysmf feh Cbmef, Currket

Sacmalaiy Dfrcb ?>66 ;=0 63;-68;

8;. Gkftbkrstaek, D. (?>66) Sacmktfl vfluk gardftmae feh tbk vfluk ag lmgk, Currket

Sacmalaiy Dfrcb ?>66 ;=0 66=-638

87. Efikl, X. (6=9=) "Xbk Dkfemei ag Kquflmty", Yfsbmeitae [emvkrsmty Lfw Vufrtkrly,

pp. ?;–36.

89. Eusofud, D. (6=23) Glfwkh Crystfls0 @fdks's Xbk Ialhke Oawl feh Lmtkrfturk fs Darfl^bmlasapby - Ekw Lmtkrfry Bmstary, Wal. 6;, Ea. 6, Lmtkrfturk feh/fs Darfl ^bmlasapby

(Futude, 6=23), pp. ?;-;>.

82. Irfy, D. feh Ykoo, S. (?>6>) Ktbmcs feh Wfluk ^krspkctmvks me Sacmfl Yarj, ^flirfvk

Dfcdmllfe


29/31


30/31

XBKA_] AG CBFEIK0 HKWKLA^MEI XM-FLS FS F SACMFL KEXK_^_MSK

Sacmfl ketkrprmsk wmtb ft lkfst ; dmem-pra`kcts

etkrgfctufls0us arifemsftmaeflpkaplk”s gfmtb me

waehkrmei fehae cfeeat ok

vml sacmkty haks

at bfvk “orkftbmei—fck fs f rksult ag

ustkrmty dkfsurkseh dfrjktmsftmae

Caetkxt feh

mssuks

A[X^[XS / A[XCADKSSbart tkrd autputs 6 ykfr Dkhmud tkrd autcadks 3 ykfrs Mdpfcts ?> ykfrs

FCXMWMXMKS(ME^[XS)

_FXMAEFLK GA_ FCXMAE

aetkdparfryfhkrs ha eat bfvkfck ta tbmej

kcfusk agkssurks grad

oavk feh oklawtb skvkrkeskqukecksahuckh oy dkfescfscfhmei hawe

exmkty feha`kctmaes

bk dastlekrfolkkdokrs ag tbkfmestrkfddduemty cfeeatflmsk tbkmr gull

atketmfl okcfusk agk caeskquket

xfckroftkhssurks me tbkrrket caetkxt

Ft lkfst 9> okttkr kqumppkhrksmstfeck lkfhkrs fehcaesultfets wba cfe trmiikrfeh dfefik cbfeik me ft lkfst3> arifemsftmaes

^mlat me skcaeh cauetry wmtbpatketmflly 6> okttkr kqumppkhlkfhkrs feh caesultfets wbacfe trmiikr feh dfefikcbfeik me ft lkfst 3>

6> wadke, 6> yauei lkfhkrs,6> guturk lkfhkrs feh 6> rktmrkhpkaplk trfmekh fs cbfeikfikets feh wmtb fctmvk awepra`kcts

^mlat me skcaeh cauetry wmtbpatketmflly 6> wadke, 6>cfhkts, 6> cbmlhrke feh 6>rktmrkh pkaplk trfmekh fscbfeik fikets feh wmtb tbkmr

BA[_ iraup

]A[_ iraup

Oy warjmei wmtb skemar prfctmtmaekrs, hkcmsmae fehpalmcy dfjkrs me arifemsftmaes, kspkcmflly bmib rmsjousmekssks feh tbask warjmei wmtb avkrwbkldmeikxpkrmkecks, f rfeik ag arifemsftmaes wmll hkvklap oyormei taiktbkr crfgt feh ousmekss me tbkmr kvkryhfywarj. Xbkmr lkfhkrs wmll ok okttkr kqumppkh lkfhkrsfeh suppartkh ta hkfl wmtb tbk mebkrmtkh hmggmcultmks feh tbk cbfllkeiks ag aur tmdks oy pravmhmei tbkd

wmtb

appartuemtmks ta uehkrstfeh wbft ms iamei ae, mearhkr ta stfy truk ta tbkmr arifemsftmaefl purpask feh ta jkkp tbk pradmsks ta tbkmr custadkrs feh ta tbkmrkdplaykks.

Oy warjmei wmtb sklg-sklkctkh dkdokrs ag tbkcadduemty, tbk Fctmae Lkfremei Spfck suppartswadke, yauei lkfhkrs, cbmlhrke fs guturk lkfhkrs,feh pkaplk wba gkkl tbky bfvk last skesk ag purpask huk ta fik, ta gastkr tbkmr cfpfcmtmks ta rkflmsk tbkmrhrkfds feh ta pfrtmcmpftk me f dark gulgmllmei wfy metbk sacmfl, kcaeadmc, culturfl feh palmtmcfl lmgk. Xbk

Fctmae Lkfremei Spfck utmlmsks f ‒dfmestrkfdmeiwbmlst tfriktmei” fpprafcb fmdmei ta warj wmtb dmxkhiraups ag hmsfhvfetfikh feh okttkr agg papulftmae tawarj oy olkehmei strkeitbs-ofskh feh ekkhs-ofskhfpprafcbks ta f rksmlmket feh fhfptmvk sacmkty. Xbms msmelmek wmtb lftkst rkcaddkehftmaes me tbk gmklh ag

metkirftmae ft KC feh [E lkvkl.

Oy warjmei wmtb pkaplk me tbkmr palmtmcfl ralks fscmtmzkes, fcfhkdmcs, rkskfrcbkrs feh caesultfets,fctmvmsts, feh sa ae, tbk Fctmae Lkfremei Spfck fmdsta gastkr hkdacrfcy feh hkdacrftmc vfluks agpfrtmcmpftmae, sacmfl ̀ ustmck feh sacmfl cabksmae. Xbmshaek oy strkfdlmemei lftkst aoskrvftmaes feh mesmibtsgrad rkskfrcb feh aggkrmei tbksk fs f dftkrmfl ta lmejta kvkryhfy prfctmcks feh lmgk.

SAGMF iraup

rtmsts feh atbkrlturfl scbalfrs

eh mestmtutmaes frkfrimemlmskh arddkrsmflmskhtb tbk cast ag lastawlkhik, mesmibts

eh wfys garwfrh

MCF_[Siraup

CA_K iraup

YMSK iraup

Xbk Fctmae Lkfremei Spfck mevmtks prfctmtmaekrs fehtbkarktmcmfes grad gmklhs tbft frk currketlydfrimeflmskh me f caetkxt tbft gfvaurs smdplmcmty,ao`kctmvmsd feh ourkfucrfcy. Frtmsts frk pfrtmculfrlycaestrfmekh oy tbk caesudkrmst feh dfrjktmskhcaetkxt, wbmcb lkfvks lmttlk spfck gar gulgmllmei tbkmrsacmfl, khucftmaefl, palmtmcfl feh kelmibtkedket

guectmaes.

Xwa hksmie caegkrkecks

Okspajkiraups fehaek ae aekralk feflysms

Olkehmei arifemsftmaeflhkvklapdket, iraup rklftmaes,fpplmkh crmtmcfl tbkary fehfrtmstmc tkcbem uks

^ragkssmaeflhkvklapdketGurtbkr hkvklapdket agtbk dultm-dkhmf fctmaelkfremei mequmrydktbahalaiyXrfmemei caursk ft XMB_gar rkglkctmvk spfcksgfcmlmtftarsCadduemty ag prfctmckgar kxckllket frtmsts fehatbkr dfrimeflmskh

scbalfrs feh mestmtutmaes

_ksmstfeck/crmtmcfl lkfhkrsbmp culturkcbfeik ta vfluk saul, waehkrmei fehrkfsae

Wmcfrmaus past-trfudftmc irawtb rftbkrtbfe vmcfrmaus trfudftmsftmae agprfctmtmaekrs me bmib rmsj ousmekssksfeh tbask warjmei wmtb ar iameitbrauib avkrwbkldmei kxpkrmkecks

Xbrmvmei cadduemtmks wmtb cmtmzkesfctmvk sacmflly, palmtmcflly fehkcaeadmcflly0

Dark cabksmvk sacmktmks,mecluhmei irkftkr pfrtmcmpftmae agdmirfet, rkguikk feh trfes-eftmaefl dmearmtmks

Mdpravkh wkllokmei mepfrtmcmpftmei cadduemtmkstbfejs ta irkftkr sacmfl fehsydoalmc cfpmtfl

_khuckh mecmhkets ag vmalkeckfeh fousk feh mecrkfskhrksmlmkeck wbkrk mecmhkets

bfppke

Guturk skfrcb caegkrkeck

Ormeimei taiktbkr frtmsts feh

sacmfl scmketmsts feh skttmeiup f vmsmae gar tbk XM-FLS

Xkfd oumlhmei feh fhfptmeitkcbemquks feh dahkls agiraups ta tbk ekw caetkxts meJkemlwartb feh Sagmf

“Hftfavkrlafh—

Hrkfdmei tbksacmfl

Stfsms agfctmae

@amet FctmaeLkfremeiSkt 6@amet FctmaeLkfremeiSkt ?@amet FctmaeLkfremeiSkt 3@amet FctmaeLkfremeiSkt 8@amet FctmaeLkfremeiSkt ;@amet FctmaeLkfremeiSkt 7@amet FctmaeLkfremeiSkt 9@amet

FctmaeLkfremeiSkt 2@amet FctmaeLkfremeiSkt =@amet FctmaeLkfremeiSkt 6>

Mdplkdketftmae me cmty, rurfl frkf,skcaeh cauetry

Frtmstmcfehscmketmgmcprahuctmaefehhmsskdmeftm

ae

Sacmfl ketkrprmsk wmtb ft lkfst; fctmvk okekgmcmfrmks” pra`kcts

8> sjmllkh gfcmlmtftars

Kxpfehmei pfrtekrsbmps

_kskfrcbmei feh tkstmei tbkdfrjkt gar prahuctmaeKvfluftmae feh ekw cyclk

Yarjmei ousmekss dahkl

Fuhmkeck hkvklapdketXM-FLS prackss fehmdpfct kvfluftmae fehstfrt ag f ekw cyclkHksmie ag aeiameisuppart ta fludem fehtbkmr pra`kctsCrkftkh emcbk gar tbkmr

prahuctmae

ArifemsftmaeflhkvklapdketStfolk sacmfl ketkrprmskwmtb straeicallfoarftmaes, buos meLaehae, Jkemlwartb fehSagmfSacmfl grfecbmsmei dahklft XMB_ wmtb ;pkrdfeket stfggDahkl gar FctmaeLkfremei Spfckcrawhguehmei ta dultmplytbk kggkcts feh sustfmetbk kggart^lfe gar dultmplmcftmae

feh scflk up ag tbkdahkl, stfrtmei wmtb tbk[S, Mrklfeh, Grfeck,Lmtbufemf, Ektbkrlfehs,Dfckhaemf, ^artuifl,Spfme, Irkkck, Skromf, Fr ketmef ^kru

Mecrkfskh syekrimks feh crass-gkrtmlmsftmae oktwkke frtmstmc vkeuks,

rkskfrcb feh khucftmaefl oahmks fehmestmtutmaes bastmei oalhmei spfcks talkfh ta dark kggkctmvk fctmaeoy0

Hkdacrftmsftmae agrkglkctmvk spfcks

Mdpravkh usk ag crkftmvmtyfeh rkckptmvmty

Dark sapbmstmcftkhdktbahalaimks

Okttkr utmlmsftmae agrksaurcks


31/31

_kskfrcb fctmvmtmks

Fdftkur frtmsts ft tbk

Mestmtutk

^ragkssmaefl frtmsts ft tbk

Mestmtutk

Sacmfl scmketmsts kdplaymei

frtmstmc tkcbemquks ft tbk

Guturk Skfrcb

Caegkrkeck

Cmty ofskh frtmsts feh sacmfl

scmketmsts

Frtmsts feh sacmfl scmketmsts

ofskh me tbk rurfl frkf

Frtmsts feh sacmfl scmketmsts me

tbk skcaeh cauetry

_kglkctmvk iraups me skcaeh

cauetry

_kglkctmvk iraups me tbk [J

^ra`kcts ag dkdokrs ag

rkglkctmvk iraups me skcaeh

cauetry

^ra`kcts ag dkdokrs ag

rkglkctmvk iraups me tbk [J

Hksmie Caegkrkeck

me skcaeh cauetry

Hksmie Caegkrkeck

me Laehae, [J

@amet fctmae lkfremei

skt gar gfcmlmtftars 6


skt gar gfcmlmtftars ?






skt gar gfcmlmtftars ;




skt gar gfcmlmtftars 9 -

6>

Autput0 Dfeufl, ^rapasfls, patketmflly Sacmfl ketkrprmsk(s)

our prayer is our labour by milena stateva

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