our own country the separation from england begins!!
TRANSCRIPT
Our own Country
The separation from England begins!!
Mayflower Compact (1620)
• Dutch Pilgrims came over on the Mayflower (ship)
• They wrote the 1st government/constitution
1st Direct Democracy
Puritans
Religious Dissenters
• Roger Williams
• Gov’t should be separate from religion
William Penn: Pennsylvania
Philadelphia: City of Brotherly Love
Created a Frame of Government: governor, council, and assembly
Quakers
Jamestown
Virginia House of Burgesses
• 1st representative democracy
• Legislative assembly: makes the laws
Virginia Troubles
• Nathaniel Bacon wanted protection against the natives
• The governor refused
Bacons Rebellion• He raised an army to fight the natives
• Bacon army marched to Jamestown to protest.
• Set fire to the colony
Triangle Trade Route
The Middle Passage
Slave Ships
3 types of colonies
• Joint stock colony: a business control the colony $$$
• Proprietary colony: friend of the king controls the colony.
• Royal: under direct control of the king.
Types of Government
Monarchy
• King or queen rule
Republic
• Citizens rule through elected representatives that create laws.
• Laws rule/ Control the Majority
Democracy
• People either rule directly or through elected representatives
• Majority Rule
Dictatorship/Totalitarian
• Where one person has complete power
Anarchy
• Where there is no government
Theocracy
• Religion rules the government
Magna Carta
• 1215: 1st English document to check the powers of the king: no one is above the law
• People cannot be deprived of life, liberty, property
• Right to a speedy trial/witness/justice
Natural Rights
• Everyone enters society with certain rights, that cannot be denied by anyone. This idea is from the Magna Carta.
British Identity
• Political: Monarchy, national gov’t
• Economic: ag, fishing, your work defined your rank
• Social: patriarchy, class based on wealth, English
Glorious Revolution 1688
• Change in leadership in England
• King James II was kicked out and replaced by his daughter Mary and her husband William.
• Shifted power from the monarchy to Parliament
English Parliament• Lawmaking body of
England.
• 2 houses/bicameral: 1. House of Lords
• 2. And House of Commons
– Head of the British government is called the Prime Minister
English Bill of Rights 1689
• Right to petition/Vote
• Right to a fair punishment/trial
• Parliament can raise an army
• Free elections
Virginia House of Burgesses
• 1st representative democracy
• Legislative assembly: makes the laws
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
• Set up the gov’t of Conn.
• 1st written state constitution in the New World!
Maryland Act of Toleration
• Law requiring toleration of religion
• Freedom of Worship but only if you were Christian
Town Meetings
Great Awakening• 1st truly American Event• New denominations, spread of religion to frontier• “Sinners in the hands of an angry God”
Social Contract Theory
John Locke
American Identity
• Political: experimented with different gov’ts– Mayflower/House of Burgesses/FOC/
– Economic: Lots of land and natural resources, jobs based on choice (self made)
– Social: Religion, “Great Awakening”
Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
Baron de Montesquieu
Jean-Jacques Rousseau