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A look at our nearest

neighbor in Space!

The Moon

http://www.marcusmoon2022.org/

http://www.marcusmoon2022.org/http://www.marcusmoon2022.org/

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What is the Moon?

A natural satellite

One of more than 96 moons in

our Solar System The only moon of the planet

Earth

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Location, location, location!

About 384,000 km

(240,000 miles)

from Earth 3,468 km (2,155

miles) in diameter

(about the size of

Earth)

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Birth of the Moon

Born 4-5 billionyears ago

Formed from impactof Mars-sizedplanetesimal onEarth

Debris from bothobjects meltedtogether to form theMoon

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Cut to the Core

3 major divisionsof the Lunarinterior

Crust - averagethickness of about70 kilometers

Mantle

Core - radius isbetween 300 and425 kilometers

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The Moons Surface

No atmosphere

No liquid water

Extreme

temperatures

Daytime = 130C

(265F)

Nighttime = -190C

(-310 F)

1/6 Earths gravity

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Lunar Features - Highlands

Mountains up to 7500 m

(25,000 ft) tall

Rilles (trenchlikevalleys)

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Lunar Features - Craters

Up to 2500 km (1,553 miles) across

Most formed by meteorite impact on the Moon

Some formed by volcanic action inside the Moon

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Lunar Features - Maria

Originally thought to be

seas by early

astronomers

Darkest parts of lunar

landscape

Filled by lava after crash

of huge meteorites on

lunar surface 3-4 billion

years ago Mostly basalt rock

http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/image/0012/moon3rd_armstrong_big.jpg

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Maria

Craters

Can you see the rays?

Does this photo show

us a limb or terminator

line?

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Movements of the Moon

Revolution Moon orbits

the Earth every 271/3 days

The moon rises in the east

and sets in the west

The moon rises and sets

50 minutes later each day

Rotation Moon turns on

its axis every 27 days

Same side of Moon

always faces Earth

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Far Side of the Moon

First seen by Luna 3

Russian space probe in

1959

Surface features

different from near

side

More craters Very few maria

Thicker crust

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Its Just a Phase

Moonlight is reflected

sunlight

Half the moons surface is

always reflecting light

From Earth we see

different amounts of the

Moons lit surface

The amount seen is called

a phase

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Waxing and Waning

New moon

Waxing Crescent moon

First Quarter moon Waxing Gibbous moon

Full moon

Waning Gibbous moon

Third Quarter moon

Waning Crescent moon

New moon

e a r t h

m o o n o r b i t ` s

e a r t h

l a s t ( t h i rd ) q u a r t e r

g i b b o u s m o o n

f u ll m o o n

g i b b o u s m o o n

f ir s t q u a r t e r

c r e s c e n t

n e w m o o n

c r e s c e n t

w a n i n g M o o n

w a x in g M o o n

S U N

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FULL

QUARTER

CRESCENT

GIBBOUS

FOUR MAIN SHAPES

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Earth

Moon

MoonPlane of earths orbit

Plane of lunar orbit

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Lunar Eclipses

Moon moves into

Earths shadow this

shadow darkens theMoon

Umbra

Penumbra

About 2-3 per year Last up to 4 hours

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Solar Eclipses

Moon moves between

Earth and Sun

Moon casts a shadow

on part of the Earth Total eclipses rare

only once every 360

years from one

location!

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The Tides

Tides caused by pull of Moons gravity on Earth

High tide

Side facing Moon and side away from Moon

Every 12 hours, 25 minutes

Low tide

On sides of Earth

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Exploring the

Moon

1950s to 1960s -

probes

Neil ArmstrongFirst man on the Moon

July 20, 1969

Six Apollo missions

(1969-1972)

382 kg (842 lbs) rocks

12 Americans have

walked on the moon

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When will we return?

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Ice on the Moon?

1994 Clementine probe

1998 Lunar Prospector

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Moon base of the future?

What would you need to live there?

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Name this phase!

Full Moon

What time does this phase rise and set?

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Name these

features.

Namethese

features.

Craters

Maria

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Does this image show us the near

side or far side of the moon?

Far SideHow can you tell?

I hi li h li b

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Is this line the limb or

terminator?

Is this line the limb

or terminator?

Limb

Terminator

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Name this phase!

First Quarter

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Name this phase!

Waxing Crescent

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Does this image show the near side or the

far side of the moon?

Near Side

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Name this phase!

Waning

Gibbous

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Name thisphase!

Third Quarter

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From what direction does

the moon rise?

The East

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Name this phase!

Waxing Gibbous

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Name this phase!

Waning Crescent

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What might be happening in this image?

Lunar Eclipse

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Is this line the limb or

the terminator?

Limb

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Name this phase!

Look closely!

Waxing Gibbous

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Name this phase!

Full Moon

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Name this phase!

New Moon

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Does the moon rise or set in the west?

It sets in the west.

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Name this phase!

Waning Gibbous

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Name this

phase!

Waning Crescent

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Name this phase!

Waning Gibbous

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Photo resources http://www.nasm.si.edu/apollo/AS15/a15images.htm

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/photogallery- http://clementine.cnes.fr/index.en.html

http://cass.jsc.nasa.gov/pub/research/clemen/clemen.ht

http://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0108/15mooncreate/ http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/pxmo

http://www.nasm.si.edu/apollo/AS15/a15images.htmhttp://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/photogallery-moon.htmlhttp://clementine.cnes.fr/index.en.htmlhttp://cass.jsc.nasa.gov/pub/research/clemen/clemen.htmlhttp://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0108/15mooncreate/http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/pxmoon.htmlhttp://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/pxmoon.htmlhttp://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0108/15mooncreate/http://cass.jsc.nasa.gov/pub/research/clemen/clemen.htmlhttp://clementine.cnes.fr/index.en.htmlhttp://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/photogallery-moon.htmlhttp://www.nasm.si.edu/apollo/AS15/a15images.htm

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More photo resources

http://www.nrl.navy.mil/clementine/clemovies/clemovi

http://www.solarviews.com/eng/moon.htm

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/620649.stm http://skyandtelescope.com/observing/objects/eclipses/a

http://lunar.arc.nasa.gov/results/ice/eureka.htm

http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/solarsystem/m

http://www.nrl.navy.mil/clementine/clemovies/clemovies_index.htmlhttp://www.solarviews.com/eng/moon.htmhttp://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/620649.stmhttp://skyandtelescope.com/observing/objects/eclipses/article_99_1.asphttp://lunar.arc.nasa.gov/results/ice/eureka.htmhttp://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/solarsystem/moon_nss_020604.htmlhttp://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/solarsystem/moon_nss_020604.htmlhttp://lunar.arc.nasa.gov/results/ice/eureka.htmhttp://skyandtelescope.com/observing/objects/eclipses/article_99_1.asphttp://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/620649.stmhttp://www.solarviews.com/eng/moon.htmhttp://www.nrl.navy.mil/clementine/clemovies/clemovies_index.html