Other Features of Employment Structures

• Age – child, working age, old.

• Gender – male / female

• Full / Part Time

• Formal / Informal

Pakistan has a per-capita income of $1,900 per year -meaning a typical person survives barely on $5 per day.

    Recently if you go to a shop to a new soccer ball there is a good possibility that the ball has been made by someone your child's age or even younger.

About half of the world's soccer ball are made in Pakistan, and each one of them involves child labour.

B&Q urges British businesses to declare ageism redundant

On the eve of Age Positive Week, B&Q, well known for employing older workers, surveyed 3,000 of its employees aged over 50 for its biggest ever study of workers in this age group1 .

Women have accounted for the entire growth of the European Union's workforce over the last 10-15 years.

Women in Africa work toward Millennium Development Goal #1, "Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger."

How to Set Up a Filing System

Sexism

Health issues

ICT – women

Dextrous

Lower paid

Short contracts

Long hours – kidney / eye problems

Steelworkers

Heavy industry

Past and Present

Traditionally Male dominated

Except in ‘Communist’ countries

MEDCs – people not having as much work (working hours) as they would like.

Varies over time

Varies from place to place

Seasonal work

Farming

Tourism

• Employees today, no matter the circumstances - dual earner with children, caregiver for elderly parents, single parent - are challenged to balance work and personal responsibilities.

• At the same time, the nature of work and the workplace has changed dramatically over the last few decades.

M.E.D.C.s

Mainly formal employment

• Tax deducted at source

• health and safety rules

• set hours

• proper contract

• holiday pay

• etc

Informal work in MEDCs

• is tax paid?

• cash in hand?

• no sick pay?

• no set hours?

• customer protection?

LEDCS – informal work

• street vendors

• personal services

• recycling