osprey power incipient fire prevention and extinguishing

Osprey Power Osprey Power Incipient FireIncipient Fire

Prevention and ExtinguishingPrevention and Extinguishing

STC - Incipient Firefighting STC - Incipient Firefighting 22

Todays Training Todays Training Purpose Purpose

Teach employees how to properly recognize Teach employees how to properly recognize an incipient fire, and determine the appropriate an incipient fire, and determine the appropriate course of action.course of action.

Teach employees how to choose the Teach employees how to choose the appropriate extinguishing method for various appropriate extinguishing method for various fires encountered in the workplace.fires encountered in the workplace.

Teach employees how to properly use various Teach employees how to properly use various types of fire extinguishers.types of fire extinguishers.


Todays Training Todays Training PurposePurpose

Teach employees how to properly Teach employees how to properly handle and use handheld fire hoseshandle and use handheld fire hoses

Discuss various fire prevention methods, Discuss various fire prevention methods, based on hazard recognition and based on hazard recognition and housekeeping practiceshousekeeping practices

Discuss the different types of fixed Discuss the different types of fixed extinguishing systemsextinguishing systems


Incipient FireIncipient Fire

Definition of Incipient FireDefinition of Incipient Fire 29 CFR 1910.155(c)(26) defines “Incipient 29 CFR 1910.155(c)(26) defines “Incipient

Stage Fire” as a fire which is in the initial or Stage Fire” as a fire which is in the initial or beginning stage and which can be controlled or beginning stage and which can be controlled or extinguished by portable fire extinguishers, extinguished by portable fire extinguishers, class II standpipes or small hose systems class II standpipes or small hose systems without the need for protective clothing or without the need for protective clothing or breathing apparatusbreathing apparatus


Is This an Incipient Fire?Is This an Incipient Fire?


Fire and Crowd ControlFire and Crowd Control

A small electrical fire broke out at a retail A small electrical fire broke out at a retail store. Officials say a clothes dryer in the store. Officials say a clothes dryer in the store's hair salon suddenly caught fire. store's hair salon suddenly caught fire. The employees noticed the smoke and The employees noticed the smoke and activated the fire alarm. Customer were activated the fire alarm. Customer were evacuated from the building while the evacuated from the building while the store manager used a fire extinguisher to store manager used a fire extinguisher to put out the blaze. There were no injures put out the blaze. There were no injures and very little damage. and very little damage.

Source Heat and Fire Source Heat and Fire

Where Does Heat Come Where Does Heat Come From From


•Sources of Heat EnergySources of Heat Energy

There are three main types of heat There are three main types of heat sources.sources.

ChemicalChemical ElectricalElectrical MechanicalMechanical


Sources of Heat EnergySources of Heat Energy

Chemical:Chemical: Heat of combustionHeat of combustion Spontaneous heatingSpontaneous heating Heat of decompositionHeat of decomposition Heat of solutionHeat of solution


Sources of Heat Energy Sources of Heat Energy

Electrical:Electrical: Resistance heatingResistance heating Dielectric heating (microwaves)Dielectric heating (microwaves) Leakage current heatingLeakage current heating Heat from arcingHeat from arcing Static electricity Static electricity Induction HeatingInduction Heating Heat Generated by LightingHeat Generated by Lighting


Sources of Heat EnergySources of Heat Energy

MechanicalMechanical

-Frictional Heat-Frictional Heat

-Friction Sparks-Friction Sparks

-Heat of Compression -Heat of Compression


Heat TransferHeat Transfer

Then to transferring that heat is done in Then to transferring that heat is done in three different ways.three different ways.

ConductionConduction ConvectionConvection RadiationRadiation



ConductionConduction

-Heat transferred by direct contact from -Heat transferred by direct contact from one body to another is a process called one body to another is a process called conduction.conduction.

Good Conductors of heat – Copper, Good Conductors of heat – Copper, Silver, Iron & SteelSilver, Iron & Steel

Poor Conductors of Heat – Wood, Poor Conductors of Heat – Wood, Styrofoam, Paper & Air Styrofoam, Paper & Air



ConvectionConvection

- Transfer of heat by a circulating - Transfer of heat by a circulating medium either a gas or a liquidmedium either a gas or a liquid

Example – How does the air in side a Example – How does the air in side a oven cook food ?oven cook food ?

Answer – Heating elements heats the air Answer – Heating elements heats the air and as the air circulates inside the oven it and as the air circulates inside the oven it cooks the foodcooks the food



RadiationRadiation

- A form of energy traveling across a - A form of energy traveling across a space or through materials as space or through materials as electromagnetic waves , such as light , electromagnetic waves , such as light , radio waves , or X-rays.radio waves , or X-rays.

Example – Camp Fire, The Sun, Light Example – Camp Fire, The Sun, Light bulb.bulb.


Important Terms Important Terms

Why are these terms important to as we try to Why are these terms important to as we try to extinguisher a small fire ?extinguisher a small fire ?

These terms provide us with information about the fire These terms provide us with information about the fire and how to extinguish the fire properly.and how to extinguish the fire properly.

Boiling Point Boiling Point FlashpointFlashpoint Flammable Range Flammable Range Vapor Density Vapor Density Vapor Pressure Vapor Pressure MSDSMSDS HMISHMIS

Important TermsImportant Terms

MSDSMSDS What does MSDS stand for ?What does MSDS stand for ? Material Safety Data SheetMaterial Safety Data Sheet What can we find on a MSDS ?What can we find on a MSDS ?


HMISHMIS

What does HMIS mean ?What does HMIS mean ? Hazardous Material Identification SystemHazardous Material Identification System Why is this system important ?Why is this system important ? Inform us to the hazard this material may presentInform us to the hazard this material may present Blue- HealthBlue- Health Red- FireRed- Fire Yellow- Reactivity Yellow- Reactivity White- Special HazardWhite- Special Hazard Zero- No HazardZero- No Hazard Four- Greatest HazardFour- Greatest Hazard




Boiling PointBoiling Point

- The temperature of a substance when - The temperature of a substance when the vapor pressure exceeds atmospheric the vapor pressure exceeds atmospheric pressure. pressure.

Water – 212 f. Water – 212 f. Gasoline – 100f. To 400f.Gasoline – 100f. To 400f. Diesel – 309f. to 700f.Diesel – 309f. to 700f.



FlashpointFlashpoint -The minimum temperature at which a liquid -The minimum temperature at which a liquid

gives off sufficient vapor to form an ignitable gives off sufficient vapor to form an ignitable mixture with air near the surface.mixture with air near the surface.

-Gasoline: -45 degrees F-Gasoline: -45 degrees F -Diesel: 125 degrees F-Diesel: 125 degrees F -Hydrogen: Above 100 degrees F-Hydrogen: Above 100 degrees F



Flammable RangeFlammable Range -The percentage of gas or vapor in air that will -The percentage of gas or vapor in air that will

burn if ignited. Referred to as the Lower burn if ignited. Referred to as the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) , and the Upper Explosive Limit (LEL) , and the Upper Explosive Limit (UEL).Explosive Limit (UEL).

-Gasoline: 2-7% -Hydrogen: 5-75%-Gasoline: 2-7% -Hydrogen: 5-75% -Hydrazine: 2-98% -Acetylene: 2-100%-Hydrazine: 2-98% -Acetylene: 2-100% -LP Gas: 2.2-9.5% -Natural Gas:5-15%-LP Gas: 2.2-9.5% -Natural Gas:5-15%



Vapor DensityVapor Density -The weight of a gas as compared to air, with air -The weight of a gas as compared to air, with air

having a value of one. Less than one and the gas will having a value of one. Less than one and the gas will tend to rise and dissipate. If the gas is heavier than one tend to rise and dissipate. If the gas is heavier than one it will sink and hug the ground, and will travel according it will sink and hug the ground, and will travel according to the terrain and wind direction.to the terrain and wind direction.

-Natural Gas – 0.6 -Hydrogen – 0.06960-Natural Gas – 0.6 -Hydrogen – 0.06960 -LP Gas – 1.5223 -Chlorine- -LP Gas – 1.5223 -Chlorine-



Vapor PressureVapor Pressure

-A measure of the tendency of a -A measure of the tendency of a substance to evaporate.substance to evaporate.

Fire Behavior Fire Behavior

How Does Fire Start, How Does Fire Start, Burn, and To Put It OutBurn, and To Put It Out



Fuel CharacteristicsFuel Characteristics Forms:Forms:

SolidSolid Liquid Liquid GasGas



Everything burns in a gaseous state. Everything burns in a gaseous state. Solids: pyrolysize (chemical decomposition of a Solids: pyrolysize (chemical decomposition of a

substance through the action of heat)substance through the action of heat) Liquids: vaporize, giving off fuel gasesLiquids: vaporize, giving off fuel gases Gaseous: fuels are the most dangerous, because Gaseous: fuels are the most dangerous, because

they are in a natural state required for ignition.they are in a natural state required for ignition.


Fire TriangleFire Triangle

How many element are in the fire How many element are in the fire Triangle?Triangle?


Fire Triangle Fire Triangle

Fuel

Heat Oxygen

Chemical ReactionReaction


Fire Triangle Fire Triangle

Air contains approximately 21% Oxygen, 78% Air contains approximately 21% Oxygen, 78% Nitrogen, and 1% other gases.Nitrogen, and 1% other gases.

Fire Triangle; Smoldering modeFire Triangle; Smoldering mode Fire Tetrahedron; Flaming mode. The burning Fire Tetrahedron; Flaming mode. The burning

process includes the uninhibited chemical process includes the uninhibited chemical chain reaction, between the heat, fuel, and the chain reaction, between the heat, fuel, and the oxygen oxygen


Phases of FirePhases of Fire

Incipient: The earliest phase of a fire Incipient: The earliest phase of a fire beginning with the actual ignition.beginning with the actual ignition.

Steady-State Burning: The phase of the fire Steady-State Burning: The phase of the fire where sufficient oxygen and fuel are available where sufficient oxygen and fuel are available for fire growth and open burning to a point for fire growth and open burning to a point where total involvement is possible. where total involvement is possible.

Hot Smoldering: The phase when flames Hot Smoldering: The phase when flames cease to exist, and may be reduce to glowing cease to exist, and may be reduce to glowing embers. embers.


Products of CombustionProducts of Combustion

When materials burn they undergo a chemical change. When materials burn they undergo a chemical change. Four major products:Four major products:

Heat Heat LightLight SmokeSmoke Fire gasesFire gases

The content, color, and intensity of the smoke depend on the The content, color, and intensity of the smoke depend on the products burning.products burning.

The gases given off from the burning process vary according to the The gases given off from the burning process vary according to the products burning, but many are toxic.products burning, but many are toxic.

Fire Extinguishment Fire Extinguishment TheoryTheory

How to Put Out A Fire How to Put Out A Fire


PPEPPE

Remember when extinguishing an Remember when extinguishing an incipient fire to where your ppe.incipient fire to where your ppe.

GlovesGloves Work dressWork dress BootsBoots HardhatHardhat


Fire Extinguishment Fire Extinguishment TheoryTheory

Extinguish the fire by limiting or eliminating one Extinguish the fire by limiting or eliminating one or more of the essential elements in the or more of the essential elements in the combustion process.combustion process. By temperature reduction (cooling)By temperature reduction (cooling) By removing the fuelBy removing the fuel By oxygen dilutionBy oxygen dilution By chemical flame inhibition By chemical flame inhibition


Classes of FiresClasses of Fires

Class A: Ordinary combustible such as wood, paper, cloth, Class A: Ordinary combustible such as wood, paper, cloth, rubber, and plastics.rubber, and plastics.

Class B: Flammable and combustible liquids and gases such as Class B: Flammable and combustible liquids and gases such as gasoline, oil, mineral spirits, paints, alcohols, methane, propane, gasoline, oil, mineral spirits, paints, alcohols, methane, propane, hydrogen, and acetylene.hydrogen, and acetylene.

Class C: Those involving energized electrical equipment.Class C: Those involving energized electrical equipment. Class D: Involve combustible metals such as aluminum, Class D: Involve combustible metals such as aluminum,

magnesium, titanium, sodium, and potassium. magnesium, titanium, sodium, and potassium. Class K: Involves cooking appliances that are combustible Class K: Involves cooking appliances that are combustible

cooking media.cooking media.


Fire ExtinguishersFire Extinguishers

Rating System: Rating System: Classified according to the types of fires for which Classified according to the types of fires for which

they are intended.they are intended. Class A-1; 11/4 gallons of water. Class A-1; 11/4 gallons of water. Class B; 1-B through 640-B Class B; 1-B through 640-B

Neither Class C nor Class D extinguishers are given Neither Class C nor Class D extinguishers are given a numerical rating.a numerical rating.


Multiple MarkingsMultiple Markings

Combinations of the letters A, B, and/or C Combinations of the letters A, B, and/or C or the symbols for each class identify or the symbols for each class identify extinguishers suitable for more than one extinguishers suitable for more than one class of fire.class of fire.

PictographsPictographs


Laptop FireLaptop Fire

Firefighters were called to a home on Wednesday Firefighters were called to a home on Wednesday morning after a laptop burst in to flames. Juli was at morning after a laptop burst in to flames. Juli was at home reading e-mail on a different computer when the home reading e-mail on a different computer when the Sony Viao laptop caught on fire. “ Flames Started to Sony Viao laptop caught on fire. “ Flames Started to shoot out from all different directions” Said Juli. She put shoot out from all different directions” Said Juli. She put out the fire with an extinguisher and called her husband out the fire with an extinguisher and called her husband at work to tell him what had happen.” “The laptop burst at work to tell him what had happen.” “The laptop burst into flames again while he was on the phone with Juli, into flames again while he was on the phone with Juli, So dropped the phone and called 911. The only So dropped the phone and called 911. The only damage was a smudge on the wall and extinguisher damage was a smudge on the wall and extinguisher agent on the furniture. agent on the furniture.

Question: Was this an Electrical Fire?Question: Was this an Electrical Fire?


Selection of Portable Selection of Portable ExtinguishersExtinguishers

Hazards to be protectedHazards to be protected Severity of anticipated firesSeverity of anticipated fires Atmospheric conditionsAtmospheric conditions Personnel availablePersonnel available Ease of handling extinguishersEase of handling extinguishers Special life hazards or operational Special life hazards or operational

concernsconcerns


Types of ExtinguishersTypes of Extinguishers

Stored-Pressure WaterStored-Pressure Water Aqueous Film Forming FoamAqueous Film Forming Foam HalonHalon Carbon Dioxide: Hand-held and wheeled Carbon Dioxide: Hand-held and wheeled

unitsunits Dry Chemical: Hand-held and wheeled unitsDry Chemical: Hand-held and wheeled units Dry Powder: Used on combustible metal Dry Powder: Used on combustible metal

fires.fires.


Using Portable Using Portable ExtinguishersExtinguishers

Remember P-A-S-SRemember P-A-S-S P-Pull the pinP-Pull the pin A-Aim the nozzleA-Aim the nozzle S-Squeeze the handleS-Squeeze the handle S-Sweep the nozzleS-Sweep the nozzle

Fixed Fire Fixed Fire Extinguishment Extinguishment SystemsSystems

In-Place Protection That In-Place Protection That Provides Immediate Provides Immediate ExtinguishmentExtinguishment

Fire Hazard Fire Hazard RecognitionRecognition

A Key Component to A Key Component to Prevention Prevention


HousekeepingHousekeeping

• Improper housekeeping accounts for most fire and Improper housekeeping accounts for most fire and safety hazards in industrial facilities.safety hazards in industrial facilities.

• Can contribute to fires, block access ways and Can contribute to fires, block access ways and exits. exits.

• Identification and periodic inspections can reduce Identification and periodic inspections can reduce and prevent these situations.and prevent these situations.

• Improper waste management and buildup of Improper waste management and buildup of operating materials.operating materials.


Storage Storage

Flammable and Combustible Liquids and Flammable and Combustible Liquids and Gases Gases

Storage and handlingStorage and handling Mechanical damage to containers and pipingMechanical damage to containers and piping

Product StorageProduct Storage Blocked and hidden fire protection equipment; Blocked and hidden fire protection equipment;

Sprinkler heads, fire extinguishers, hose stations, Sprinkler heads, fire extinguishers, hose stations, etc.etc.


Flammable and Flammable and Combustible LiquidsCombustible Liquids

Use this chart to determine the classes of Use this chart to determine the classes of Liquids.Liquids.

osprey power incipient fire prevention and extinguishing

Documents

compression heat

source heat

stc incipient firefighting5

stc incipient firefighting6

incipient stage

definition of incipient

extinguishing slide

main types of heat sources