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General characteristicsMulticellularEukaryotic but with no cell wallsHeterotrophs (consumers) With nervous system to respond to their environment

Locomotion relates to ability to obtain food by moving to different places

Most animals develop from a zygote to become a new organism (individual)

Animals that are irregular in shape are asymmetrical.

Animals that are regular in shape are symmetrical.

An animal has radial symmetry if it can be divided along any plane, through a central axis, into equal halves.An animal has bilateral symmetry if it can be divided down its length into similar right and left halves forming mirror images of each other.

Though not all animals have a skeleton, those that do not have can be divided into two groups:Those with an exoskeleton – a hard, waxy coating on the outside of the body that protects internal organs, provides a framework for support, and a place for muscle attachment. Ex. Shrimp

Those with an endoskeleton – support framework within the body that protects some organs and a brace for muscles to pull against. Ex. Squid

Phyla under

Animal Kingdom

Phylum Porifera

(pore-bearing animals)

Characteristics:-the simplest form of animal life-live in water-cannot move around-no symmetry-with pores (holes) all over body

Filter Feeders: a sponge filters particles of food from water using collar cells and then pumps the water out the osculum.

Sponges

Sponges

Phylum Coelenterata(Cnidaria)

hollowed-bodied animals

Characteristics:Live in waterMost have tentaclescatch food with stinging cells(nematocyst)gut for digestion

Medusae

Carybdea sivickisiChironex fleckeri Chironex fleckeri

Chiropsalmus sp. Chiropsalmus sp. Carukia barnesi Carukia barnesi

Coelenterates- Hydrozoans

Cyanea capillata ->

Polyp

Corymorpha nutans

Anthozoans

Scypozoans

Urticina coriacea->Urticina coriacea->

<- Anthopleura sola<- Anthopleura sola

<- Anthopleura artemisia

Metridium farcimen ->Metridium farcimen ->

Phylum Platyhelminthes

(flatworms) Flat, ribbon-like body Live in water or are parasites bilateral symmetry

Flatworms-turbellarians

Planaria

Two turbellarians mating by penis fencing. Each has two penises, the white spikes on the undersides of their heads.

Pseudobiseros Polyclad

Flukes

Liver Fluke

Tapeworm-Taenia solium

Life cycle of Tapeworms

Phylum Nematoda

(Nemathelminthes)

Round wormsCharacteristics:-round, tubular body-some are small or microscopic -bilateral symmetry-have both a mouth and anus-live in water or are parasites

Hookworm

Trichinella

AscarisA large roundworm that lives in the intestines of pigs, horses and sometimes manFemales are larger than the males and may reach a length of nearly twelve inchesAscaris eggs enter the human being in contaminated food or waterThey do not hatch in the stomach, but

they begin to hatch within a few hours when they reach the small intestineA mature female lays about 200,000 eggs each dayAscaris seems relatively harmless in man, although occasionally a large number of adult worms twist together, block the intestine and cause deathInfections are more common in childrenAdults become infected under conditions of lack of vitamins

Ascariasis

toxocariasis

Heart worm

Dracunculus

Loa loaAncyclostoma

Elephantiasis

Phylum Annelida

(segmented worms)Characteristics:Body divided into segments(sections)Live in water or undergroundhave a nervous and circulatory system

Groups

Hirudinae:The LeechHirudinae:The Leech