ornamental herbs are important in retail nurseries as they can attract large number of customers...
TRANSCRIPT
Ornamental Herbs are important in retail nurseries as they can
attract large number of customers
•Small in size and can be planted in pots and indoors
•Mostly used in landscape garden as hedges, edges, cover crops,
flower beds etc.
•Propagated by different methods like Seeds, cuttings, runners,
bulbs, corms, suckers as main methods of mass production in
herbs.
Introduction
The Garden
A garden is a place to grow fruits and vegetables, medicinal herbs, and ornamental plants. Historically, most gardens
have been used for all these purposes at once.
The garden represents an image of paradise on Earth: the perfect place for peace, relaxation
The word “paradise” comes from ancient Persia, meaning “a walled garden”
In the Bible, the first humans Adam and Eve lived in the Garden of Eden.
Ancient Gardens
Ancient Egyptian gardens were surrounded by walls. The world outside was harsh, dry and too sunny, and the
garden needed to be protected from it. Ponds and irrigation ditches were used. Gardens were laid
out in a formal, geometric pattern.. Trees such as date palms, figs, and pomegranates provided shade as well
as fruit. Gardening was popular in ancient Rome, where topiary
was invented
Gardening was common in the Muslim world. A common design matched the Garden of Eden: four waterways
linked to a central pool divided the garden into quarters.
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Constructed about 600 BC by King Nebuchdnezzar to please his homesick wife. She was from Persia, a more fertile and hilly
place than the flat land of Mesopotamia (modern Iraq).
It was one of the Seven Wonders of the World: popular places for
tourists from ancient Greece and Rome.
Destroyed an earthquake around 100 AD
Needed to pump water from the river to the top of the structure.
English Gardens
The English garden can also be called a landscape park. It developed in the 1700’s as a reaction to
the formal French style. It presented an idealized view of the natural world.
Lakes, lawns, gently rolling hills, groves of trees, classical Greek temples or scenic (fake) ruins.
Chinese and Japanese Gardens
Gardening in China is at least as ancient as in Egypt
The garden was the living embodiment of a painting or a poem
Many plants and objects had symbolic meanings: bamboo is strong and resilient; pine is long-lived
and persistent; lotus represents purity
Plants were essential elements. Some common garden flowers come from China:
chrysanthemum, peony, flowering plum, roses, camellia.
Roses
• Rose cultivation probably began in China 5000 years ago or so.
• The first distilled essential oil was attar of roses (from the Muslim Golden Age, when
distillation was invented). • Europe and western Asia had their own
cultivated roses, which were popular from ancient times.
Tulips
Tulips are native to central Asia, places like Afghanistan and Kazakhistan.
They are monocots, in the lily family.
They are perennials, storing food over the winter in Bulbs are planted in the fall.
Tulips can be grown from seed, but it takes 5-8 years before flowering occurs. And, many varieties are sterile hybrids.
Orchids
Orchids may be largest plant family.
Monocots: parallel leaf veins and flowers with groups of three. Like tulips, the sepals and petals are similar and
so are called tepals.
Vanilla is in the orchid family. It is the only “useful” orchid.
Many orchids are epiphytes:
Orchid flowers have many shape variation
One petal is always enlarged and modified to serve as a landing platform for the pollinators.
Orchid seeds are extremely small and are produced in huge quantities..
Orchid Mimicry
Insect proboscis with several attached pollen masses
On the basis of an orchid withA 10 inch nectary, Darwin predicted(correctly) the existence of a mothwith a corresponding proboscis
Fly orchid. The two yellow“eyes” are the pollen masses.
Bee orchid.
Orchid mimic of praying mantis
Modern ornamental Roses
Cultivated roses from China were introduced into Europe in the 1600’s, at about the same time the tulip and other
exotic flowers were introduced into Europe by the Dutch. At the time, the Dutch were very powerful in oceanic
trade, especially in the spice trade.
Rose breeding involves the hybridization of many species and cultivars
Napoleon’s wife, the Empress Josephine, decided to grow every type of rose in existence, in about 1800. She gathered many horticulture experts, who did much
hybridization and breeding.
The first modern rose was ‘La France’, developed in 1867. It was the first “hybrid tea rose”
Old Garden roses are types that were present in Europe before the development of the hybrid tea rose.
‘La France’, the firstmodern rose.