organizational behavior and human resource management
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Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management. Power and conflict. Power Contrasting leadership and power Bases of power Dependency Power tactics Sexual harassment Politics Impression management. Power . Power refers to a capacity that A has to influence the behavior of B. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Power and conflictPowerContrasting leadership and powerBases of powerDependencyPower tacticsSexual harassmentPoliticsImpression management
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Power Power refers to a capacity that A has to
influence the behavior of B. Power may exist but not usedThere is a dependence and potential involvedDependence means that the greater B is
dependent on A, the greater is A’s power in the relationship.
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Contrasting leadership and powerPower does not require goal compatibilityLeadership requires link between the goals
and the leader
Leadership focus on the downward influence on one’s followers but power does not.
Leadership is usually used by one person whereas power can be exercised by an individual as well as groups.
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Bases of powerFormal power
Coercive power – dependent on fearRewards power – the opposite of coerciveLegitimate power – due t the structural position
Personal powerExpert power – influence exercised as a result
of experienceReferent power – based on identification with a
person who has desirable resources or personal traits
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Dependency It is inversely related to supplyWhat creates dependency?
ImportanceScarcityNonsubstituability
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Power tacticsHow do people translate power bases into action??
Legitimacy –relying on authority positionRational persuasion – presenting logical arguments and facts
to demonstrateInspirational appeals – developing emotional commitmentConsultation – increasing the targets motivation by involving
in planningExchange – rewarding the target with benefits or favorsPersonal appeals – asking for compliance based on friendshipIngratiation – using flattery, praise before making a requestPressure – using warnings, repeated demands and threats
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Sexual harassmentT is defined as any unwanted activity of
sexual nature that affects am individual’s employment.CompensationsPrivilegesPhysical touchingRecurring requests for dates when it is clear
that the other person is not interestedCoercive threats of loosing a job if she refuses
a sexual proposition
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Politics When people convert their power into action, we
described them as being engaged in politics.Political behavior in organizations may be defined
as activities that are not required as part of one’s formal role in the organization but that influence, or attempt to influence, the distribution of advantages and disadvantages within the organization.Legitimate political behavior – normal everyday
politicsIllegitimate political behavior – extreme behavior that
violates the implied rules of the game
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What factors would contribute to political behavior?
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Individual factorsHigh self monitoring – sensitive to social cuesInternal locus of control – they believe they can
controlHigh Mach personality – will to manipulate and
desire for powerPerceived job alternativesExpectations of successA person’s investment in organization
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Organizational factorsReallocation of resourcesPromotion opportunitiesLow trustRole ambiguityUnclear performance evaluation systemDemocratic decision makingHigh performance pressures
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How do people respond to politics?Decrease job satisfactionIncreased anxiety and stressIncreased turnoverReduced performance
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Impression managementMost people have an ongoing interest in how
others perceive and evaluate themThe process by which an individual attempt
to control the impression others form of them is called impression management
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IM techniquesConformity – agreeing with someone else’s
opinionExcuses – finding reasons to justifyApologies – seeking a pardonSelf promotion – highlighting one’s selfFlattery – complimenting othersFavors – doing something nice for someone Association – enhancing or protecting one’s
image by managing information about people and things with which one is associated