optimizing bpr with inline fermentation - wwoa · various types of fermentation . janesville...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Optimizing BPR with Inline Fermentation - WWOA · Various types of fermentation . Janesville Primary Sludge Fermenter Types Fermentation . Inline Fermentation WHAT IS IT? Demo of](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022050103/5f424d5f448c527f8d210601/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PAO
Photo by Lauren Welles
OPTIMIZING BPR WITH INLINE FERMENTATION
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AO System
VFA Uptake P-Release
Glycogen Use
Use Stored VFAs Uptake P
Build Glycogen
Hold Residual D.O. Preventing Secondary P-Release – Control:
RAS Flow Rate AB Zone D.O.
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Total BOD Demand, lbs./hr.
This is total lbs. BOD to satisfy P & N removal
requirements
vs.
Total Available BOD, lbs./hr.
This is total lbs. BOD available in the
influent to system plus any supplemental BOD
provided
A well operating EBPR system needs these two items to match
up or equal each other
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Item
Increase Item -
what happens to
ORP ???
Decrease Item -
what happens to
ORP ???
Influent BOD ↓ ↑
RAS Flow ↑ ↓
Sludge Age or SRT ↓ ↑
Aeration tank D.O. set point ↑ ↓
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How do we make improvements?
5
Total BOD Demand, lbs./hr.
This is total lbs. BOD to satisfy P & N removal
requirements
vs.
Total Available BOD, lbs./hr.
This is total lbs. BOD available in the influent
to system plus any supplemental BOD
provided
Three Main Choices for Improvement
1-Make the BOD Demand Smaller 2-Increase the Available BOD
3-Or Both, Reduce BOD Demand & Increase Available BOD
Make this smaller Make this bigger
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Extreme Sidestream Schedule 7 Day
BOD:TP Chart Cent Cent Cent Cent
Air off Decant Decant Air on Air off Decant Decant
MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY SUNDAY Avg/Hr.
12-3am 11 28 11 11 28 28 11 18.3
3-6am 6 21 6 6 21 21 6 12.4
6-9am 17 10 10 17 28 14 14 15.7
9am-12pm 24 16 16 24 35 21 21 22.4
12-3pm 35 22 22 35 35 22 22 27.6
3-6pm 35 21 21 35 35 21 21 27.0
6-9pm 35 20 20 35 35 20 20 26.4
9pm-12am 34 20 20 34 34 20 20 26.0
Avg
Average 24.6 19.8 15.8 24.6 31.4 20.9 16.9 22.0
% Out 37.5% 25.0% 50.0% 37.5% 0.0% 12.5% 37.5% 28.6%
Decant
Decant
Decant/High %RAS to Inf - High
NitratesDecant/High %RAS to Inf - High
NitratesDecant/Cent
Decant/Cent
Decant
Decant
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How do we make improvements?
7
Total BOD Demand, lbs./hr.
This is total lbs. BOD to satisfy P & N removal
requirements
vs.
Total Available BOD, lbs./hr.
This is total lbs. BOD available in the influent
to system plus any supplemental BOD
provided
Three Main Choices for Improvement 1-Make the BOD Demand Smaller
2-INCREASE THE AVAILABLE BOD 3-Or Both, Reduce BOD Demand &
Increase Available BOD
Make this smaller Make this bigger
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TOO FAR!!!
Its’s Anaerobic digestion without METHANOGENSIS
Biological Break down of solids to dissolved BOD (Anaerobic digestion)
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Without this step
Later….
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Bugs converting both dissolved and solid BOD to
VFAs
Various types of fermentation
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Janesville Primary Sludge Fermenter
Types Fermentation
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Inline Fermentation WHAT IS IT?
Demo of ON/OFF mixer in
Anaerobic converted to
Inline Fermentation
tank
Lindenhurst
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Before the mixer starts up in inline fermentation Menomonie
Fermenting
BEFORE
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After the mixer starts up in
inline fermentation
Fermenting
AFTER
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Bench On/Off Mixer AN Zone Supplemental Carbon Addition
Stirring Temporarily Rises ORP Liquid Phase of Sludge has higher ORP
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Fermentation
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Basic Inline Fermentation Principles
• You are Building a Pile – like a compost pile
• So YES you need to turn it periodically
–ON/OFF cycle becomes your control point for the fermenter
–More OFF time/more fermentation & reverse
• Each EBPR is and will be unique
• ON/OFF frequency
• Quality of PILE – see Antioch Examples
• Examples - - - - -
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Lake County Inline Fermentation
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One of their fermenting zones ON/OFF mixers
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Dodgeville Inline Fermentation
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0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
Eff
TP, m
g/l
Dodgeville- On/Off Mixer Trial
Eff TP, mg/l
Started have electrical problems with mixers
Oxidation Ditch No Effluent Filtration No chemical treatment – NOTE - NO side stream addition during time period
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-300
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
OR
P, m
V
Document ORP Change When Mixer Turns ON in AN-2 -- 11-3-15
Mixer was on a 6 hour OFF Schedule
MIxer turned on 8 am and 2 pm
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Menomonie Inline Fermentation Survey of ORP at Different Depths
-400
-350
-300
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
AN-2 top AN-2 9ft down AN-2 15ft down-Tank 20ftdeep
OR
P, m
V
8/11/15 8:30 AM Tue 723am-938am
9/4/15 8:30 AM Fri 751am-917am
Mixer was off during the monitoring
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-97 -94
-215
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
1/13/2015 6/24/2015 Since Inline Fermenting Avg:
OR
P, m
V
Lindenhurst Inline Fermentation - AN-4 ORP, mV
ORP are Grab Readings Taken When Mixer is Off
When Mixer Comes on the ORP Readings Drop Lower
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Eleva-Strum
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OR
P S
urv
ey o
f Fe
rmen
tin
g A
N Z
on
e
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Special Inline Fermenter Configuration Needed
Wall
Opening Wal
l
Vs.
Underflow
Overflow
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Antioch
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Lindenhurst
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Inlin
e Fe
rmen
tin
g A
N Z
on
e
Mix
er O
N/O
FF L
og
Lindenhurst Log
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2.0
1.0 0.5
6.0
5.0
8.0
10.0
8.0 8.0
6.0 6.0
0.0
6.0
10.0
2.00
8.00 8.00 8.00
0
2
4
6
8
10
12Ef
f. t
RP,
mg
/l
Cell 3 Black, depth, ft Cell 3 Gray, depth, ft Eff. Grab 21 per. Mov. Avg. (Eff. Grab)
ALUM DOSING
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Plant Fermenting in Some Fashion
–Menomonee
– LaCrosse
– Lake County
– Lindenhurst
–Medford
– Eleva-Strum
–Genoa
–Viroqua
–Slinger
–Fond due Lac
–Linden
–Green Bay
–Antioch
–Marshfield
–Reedsburg
–Other??
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Genoa Accidental Fermentation
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Genoa WWTP Eff. sRP, mg/l
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
Eff.
sR
P, m
g/l
Contact Stablization WWTP 20,000 gpd Eff. sRP - generally 2 to 4 mg/l Issues??? Mass cleaning to sewers Pumped RAS pump, clarifier blanket built up
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Medford
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-138
-250
-200
-150
-100
-50
0
OR
P, m
V
AN-1 Zone ORP
Before Reducing Air Flow - ORP - 5 mV After Air Flow Reduced - ORP -138 mV
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Marshfield
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ORP – AN & AB Zone – Eff TP
5/23/2018
Will show ORP impact o n Eff. TSS too
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-300
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
Eff
TP, l
bs.
/day
OR
P, m
V
Ditch #2 (AN Zone) ORP, mg/l Ditch #1 (AB Zone) ORP, mV Eff. TP, lbs/day
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ORP – AN & AB Zone & Delta – Eff TP
5/23/2018
Will show ORP impact o n Eff. TSS too
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
-300
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
Eff
TP, l
bs.
/day
& %
AN
of
De
lta
OR
P, m
V
Ditch #2 (AN Zone) ORP, mg/l Ditch #1 (AB Zone) ORP, mV
Eff. TP, lbs/day %AN 0f Delta (ABS(AN)+AB)
21 per. Mov. Avg. (%AN 0f Delta (ABS(AN)+AB))
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Slinger
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SLINGER • Outer ring anaerobic zone and
fermentation
• RAS is split between outer & middle rings
–Promotes growth of Tetrasphaera species, see info later
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Slinger WWTP
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Monroe Low ORPs in Anaerobic Zones (-400 to -500 mV at times) Fermentation in EQ (Also VERY High BOD loading) drive ORP down Sand filters Eff. TP - 0.1 to 0.15 mg/l levels
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Monroe – EQ Tank
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Monroe – High BOD Influent
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Monroe
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Potential Problems Potential Fixes
1. Produce more sNRP • Compare with Anaerobic Digestion
Breakups of floc
Produce sNRP (organic P cell matter)
• Alum or Iron + filters or INCREASED alkalinity
2. Excess VFAs – filaments • Reduce SRT of fermentation
3. GAOs – low pH INCREASE alkalinity
4. OPR too low – more likely to have P-release in Final Clarifier – Increase aeration D.O. setpoint
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Menomonie Foaming Excessive Foaming
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MENOMONIE FOAMING
Organisms which grow under HIGH organic acids (acetic, propionic and butyric acids)
• N. limicola II
• Thiothrix I
• Zoogloea
Info/Pics from: Michael Richard Wastewater Microbiology LLC report for Menomonie WWTP
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Organisms which grow under HIGH organic acids (acetic, propionic and butyric acids)
• N. limicola II
• Thiothrix I Thiothrix I
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Steven Point – OVER DOSE CARBON
Quick/over abundant growth of 021N 1 to 2 day SRT – VERY young sludge
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Indigo Water Group – Littleton CO EBPR – pH & GAOs
–Low pH can reduce & even prevent BPR
–Maintain pH in aeration basin >6.9
–Maintain pH in anaerobic zone >5.5
–pH > 7.25 in anaerobic zone
inhibits GAOs
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Clarifier P-Release vs. Feed D.O. & Clar. SRT
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Aeration Tank/Final Clarifier D.O.
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Download Available – Open Access http://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/wef/wer/2017/00000089/00000011/art00013
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Rethinking the Mechanisms of BPR
• Conventional design BPR grow INEFFICIENT PAOs. More efficient designs promote growth of numerous types of PAOs – including Tetrasphaera (TA)
• TAs can
– Some can Ferment higher carbon forms – produce VFAs for other PAOs
– Most can denitrify and UPTAKE P in process – ANOXIC ZONE
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Rethinking the Mechanisms of BPR
• TA is a broad class of bacteria
• Can ferment complex organic molecules – Carbohydrates
– amino acids (including glucose, glutamate, aspartate)
– Produce stored carbon in the process
– Req’s lower ORP than normal (-300 mV or lower)
• Some TA take up VFA for carbon storage – NOT preferred
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Rethinking the Mechanisms of BPR
• Some TA types MAKE VFA (and other stuff)
– Under reduced anaerobic fermentation conditions
– VFAs are used by other PAOs
• Creating lower ORP conditions – to grow TA
– Remember Laws of ORP
– Don’t over mix
– Limit primary influent (storm flows/etc.) into anaerobic zones - decreases HRT
– Less RAS to Anaerobic zone more to Anoxic zone
– Keep anaerobic SRT high – ON/OFF mixer cycling assists with this
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TA In both Fermenter/Phosphorus
categories