optical communication - limoochi

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لیموچی - جزوه مخابرات نوری

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  • 90-1389

  • 1

    21/11/1389

    (1

    (2

    (3

    (4

    . (5

    (6

    .

    ( ).

    ( ) .

    .

    (c)

    . c.

    X1

    X2

    X1

    X2

    1

    2

  • 2

    .

    (Core) . () sio2

    Cladd . Cladd

    .

    I. Multi Mode

    1-1 Graded Index

    1-2 Step Index

    II. Single Mode

    Multi Mode Mode

    Single Mode .

    Cladd

    Graded Index

    Multi Mode Step Index ). Cladd .)

    X1

    X2

    1>

    2 = 1

    1 sin1 = 2 sin2

    sin1sin2

    =2 1

    Core

    Cladd

    Graded

    Index

    Step Index

    Cladd

  • 3

    (3 (2 (1

    ( : (1

    . (

    (

    .

    : :

    OH

    : Scattering

    .

    (Rayleigh) . Cladd .

    .

    (

    : 2

    -1

    -2

    1-2Macro Bending : .

    2-2 Micro Bending : .

    . (: Dispersion) (2

    .

    :

    1) Modal Disp _ Multi Mode

    2) Chromatic Disp _

    3) PMP

    1

    4

  • 4

    1. Modal Disp :

    Single Mode .

    Modal Disp .

    ). Graded Index

    (.

    .

    .

    ()

    .

    Modal Disp

    .

    28/11/1389

    : .2

    .

    ( )

    .

    .

    : 0.2

    . nm4

    km10

    Disp XL= 0.2 4 10 = 8 Ps =

    :

    1) Material Disp : .

    2) Wave Guide Disp: Core Cladd .

    (Bitrate) (:PMD) .3

    .

    . ( )

    .

  • 5

    (3

    :

    SPM_ XPM_ FWM_. (

    SBS_ SRS_. (

    SPM : SPM Kerr . Kerr

    .

    Kerr

    .

    . Chirpping

    SPM .

    Kerr

    Chirp ping .

    XPS : . Kerr

    Chirp ping

    XPM .

    FWM : .

    FWM .

    + n = I + 2 + 3

    1) DCF 2 )CFBG 3 )2Mode Fiber

    DCF( Dispersion Compensating Fiber:)

    DCF

    . 15

    .( 170_166 -)=DCF .

    11 = 22

  • 6

    2 DCF 1 1

    . 2

    CFBG :

    .

    UV .

    Pattern

    . UV

    CFBG

    .

    2Mode Fiber :

    2 1 .

    Mode .

    Convertor 1 2 .

    Mode Convertor

    2 1 .

    :PMDC

    PMDC

    . PMDC

    5/12/1389

    Coupling :

    . .

    .

    Fused Coupler

    .

    . Planner Waveguide .

    .

    (3 (2 (1

  • 7

    ( Coupling Length)

    .

    Splitter

    .

    .

    . :

    (3 (2 (1

    Fabry Port

    .

    Cavity ) Cavity

    (Cavity ) Cavity (

    . Cavity

    . Cavity Cavity

    Fabry Port

    PortFabry

    .

    (:Fiber Fabry Port ( FFP -

    . Cavity

    : -

    .

  • 8

    : -

    ( Cavity )

    . Cavity

    (MZ) -

    .

    - LED 2- 1:

    .

    12/12/1389

    : Nemission

    :

    - 2 - 1

    .

    ) .

    . ) (

    . ( ) (

    (Random) . .

    .

    ( )

    ( )

    .

    .

    .

    Eg

    Eg = h

  • 9

    Eg=h

    . Resonance

    .

    .

    .

    LED

    LED P_N . LED

    LED

    . LED .

    Photo Detector

    Photo Detector

    .

    . Photo Detector

    Photo Detector

    1- PhotoConductor : PhotoDetector PhotoConductor .

    30 10 ). PhotoDetector

    .

    2- P_N Photo Detector : P_N LED

    P_N . .

    PhotoDetector LED . P_N

    . .

    .

    .

    Photo Detector

    . Photo Detector

  • 10

    3- PIN Photo Detector : Photo Detector .

    . N P I (I). P N

    PIN P_N PIN

    P I . P N

    N I P N

    P N N P I .

    . I

    PIN

    I .

    . Photo Detector

    .

    19/12/1389

    APD

    P_N PIN

    . .

    APD

    .

    : ). PIN

    (. 10 PIN 200 100

    (. ).

    .

    .

    .

    . 2 () . 1:

    .1

    . ()

    .

    . GB/S 10

    .

  • 11

    .2

    .

    .

    .

    :

    1) MZ 2(PC

    . : PC

    .

    . ( )

    .

    .

    . : MZ

    .

    .

    180 180

    .

    18/1/1390

    .

    .

    .

    .

    L =

    . Pr Ps

    : .

  • 12

    ( OEO( Optical Electrical Optical:

    .

    Regeneration . :

    .3 . 2 .1

    16

    .

    Optical .

    .

    OA:

    .

    . Optical Amplifier

    OA

    . OFA

    . : OA

    OA

    . dB : .1

    .2

    . : .3

    .

    ). : .4

    ( -3 - 2 - 1.

    . dB :

    OFA( Optical Fiber Amplifier)

    Tn Nd Th Er Te :

    .( )

  • 13

    EOFA

    () Er

    1530 .

    Er . (nm) 1565

    1480 980

    (Er)

    . 1565 1530

    ( )

    . .

    . Er

    Er

    .

    .

    1/2/1390

    1 nm980 EOFA

    .

    ( )

    .

    ms 10

    . nm 1550

    . .1

    . 100 70 : EOFA .2

    . : .3

  • 14

    .1

    Grin .2

    .3

    .4

    OADM

    MUX Inter

    Leaver Att ISO Gff

    OA

    OXC Wave length Inverter Att

    OA

    ISO Gff DCM Delnter Leaver De

    MUX