opsis is a swedish company which develops, manufactures and supplies total solutions for ambient air...
TRANSCRIPT
OPSIS is a Swedish company which develops, manufacturesand supplies total solutions for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring, Stack Emission Monitoring and software tools for Air Quality Management.
Founded 1985
OPSIS is represented world-wide, with internationally accepted and approved products.
INTRODUCTION
ISO 9001• Quality
ISO 14001• Environment
ISO 17025• Calibration laboratory• Ackreditation laboratory
QUALITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
CEM/PROCESS SOLUTIONS
UV/IR DOAS IN-SITU SYSTEMS
TUNEABLE DIODE LASER IN-SITU SYSTEMS
DILUTION EXTRACTIVE SYSTEMS
Features :Features :
• Fast response time (~ 1 sec)Fast response time (~ 1 sec)
• Multiple pathsMultiple paths
• Multiple gasesMultiple gases
• Analyser separated from Emitter/ReceiverAnalyser separated from Emitter/Receiver
• Long fibre lengths (< 1 km)Long fibre lengths (< 1 km)
• Low detection limitsLow detection limits
LASER DIODE ANALYSER
LD500
Cabinet
EM060L RE060L
Communication cable (< 2 km)
Laser fibre optical cable (< 1 km)
SYSTEM OVERVIEW, CEM
LD500
PC
LD500 analyser
CCBeam splitter
Beam switch
Stack
Emitter Receiver with detector and A/D converter
Digital signal
Communicatin Interface
Processor
”Zero” signal / ”Reference” signal
”Measurement” signal
Internal Detector
Ramp generator Diode laser
Reference cell
Wavelength/scanning control signal
SYSTEM DESIGN
ΔT Δλ
Controlled variations in temperature will ”tune” the diode lasers output wavelength.
The temperature variations are created by applying a sinus shaped drive current with a frequency of 1 kHz, with a temperature accuracy of 0.001 C˚
NIR semiconductor laser
TUNING THE LASER
LD500
1.25 um 1.35 um
100%
0 %
Absorbance
HFH2O
O2
Laser is tuned around one or a few absorbtion lines,Scanned range is typically less than 1 nm
ABSORPTION SPECTRUM
”Zero” signal
”Measurement” signal
Resulting spectrum
SPECTRA HANDLING
The scanned spectra are resolved into 1000 channels
Measurement spectrum is divided with the Zero spectrum to obtain the resulting spectrum and to eliminate noise generated by the laser
The cross section area of the obtained spectrum is used to calculate the concentration by use of Beer Lamberts law, compensated for line widening effects
EVALUATION
Ln ( I1 / I2 ) x l α1 – α2
C =
I1
I2
+ Line Widening effects due to temperature & partial pressure
Results are presented as :
Concentration ( typically % (vol) , ppm or mg/m3 )
Standard deviation ( typically ppm or mg/m3) , based on the average standard deviation over the evaluated number of channels in the measured cross section spectrum
Light level, expressed as dB , proportional to the amplification required on the detector.
RESULTS
MEASURING TEMPERATURE
Absorption lines
Temperature can be measured by studying the proportions and relations of the absorption lines, as they change with temperature
PERFORMANCE
Gas Typical Range
Detection limit ( 10 metre)
CO2 0-100% 0.01%
CO2 0-10000 ppm 0.5 ppm
O2 0-21% 0.01%
H2O 0-100% 0.01%
CO 0-100% 0.01%
CO 0-10000 ppm 10 ppm
CH4 0-100% 0.01%
CH4 0-10 000 ppm 0.2 ppm
NH3 0-1000 ppm 0.05 ppm
HCL 0-1000 ppm 0.05 ppm
HF 0-50 ppm 0.005 ppm
Temperature 0-1500 ° C +/- 5 ° C
Multi Channel
Analysing Module
Multi Channel
Analysing Module
Laser ModuleLaser Module
Laser Module
Multi Channel
Analysing Module
Computer
Hard Disk
24 VAC
Floppy Disk
LCDLH51n CC002 PC104
+/- 12VDC+5 VDC
110/220-240 VAC
LD500 Analyser
A/D
+/- 15VDC
+/-15 VDC+6 VDC
Optical fibre cable
Communicationfibre cable
Emitter Receiver
PM020 CM002
IM001 OM001
DM016
0-10VDC0/4-20 mA
0/4-20mA StatusI/O
Ioman Signal Handling System ( Optional)
RS232
110/220-240 VAC
110/220-240 VAC
Keyboard
Modem
SIGNAL LAYOUT
LH 514 Laser ModuleLH 514 Laser Module
Typical ApplicationTypical Applicationss: : • Process Process mmonitoringonitoring•Tunnel monitoringTunnel monitoring•Steel plantsSteel plants•Cement plantsCement plants
CO , CO2 , H2S
LH 515 Laser Module LH 515 Laser Module
Typical ApplicationTypical Applicationss:: • Furnace controlFurnace control• Steel processSteel process• SmeltersSmelters• IncineratorsIncinerators
O2 AND TEMPERATURE
LH 512 Laser Module LH 512 Laser Module
ApplicationApplicationss: : • Waste IncineratorsWaste Incinerators• Chemical industryChemical industry• Acid ScrubbersAcid Scrubbers
HCL
LH 513 Laser Module LH 513 Laser Module
ApplicationApplicationss::
• DeNODeNOxx Application Applicationss
• Fence-line monitoringFence-line monitoring
• Fertilizer industryFertilizer industry
NH3
LH 516 Laser Module LH 516 Laser Module
ApplicationApplicationss:: • Petrochemical Petrochemical plantsplants• Coke ovensCoke ovens• LandfillLandfill
CH4
LH 511 Laser Module LH 511 Laser Module
ApplicationApplicationss: : • Aluminium Aluminium smelterssmelters• Fence line monitoringFence line monitoring• Chemical industryChemical industry
HF
LD500
Calibrationgas
Rotameter(flow control)
Receiver Emitter
Calibration bench Gas valves
CALIBRATION EQUIPMENT
Analyser
+/- 15VDC
0-10VDC0/4-20 mA
0/4-20mA StatusI/O
Ioman Signal Handling System ( Optional)
110/220-240 VAC
CM IM001 OM001 DM016
RS232
LAN
Enviman ComVisioner
RS232, Alternative 1 RS232, Alternative 2 +3
RS232, Alternative 3
Plant DSC/PLC
RS232, Alternative 4 ( Cactus, ABDH, ModBus, Siemens 3964R, Comli)
COMMUNICATION ALTERNATIVES
EMISSION MONITORING
Vizag steel plant Visakhapatnam, India,using Opsis analysers for monitoring NOx and SO2 in 15 stacks
• Purpose– Used by all steel processing plants to heat material
before treatment– Often crucial to meet right temperature– Can replace soaking pit
• Operation– Oil- or gas burners heat the oven compartment– Desire to use natural- or waste gas– Comparably low dust level
REHEATING FURNACE
• Measurements of interest– Oxygen : decrease level to reduce fuel consumption
and oxidation but keep sufficient levels for effective combustion
– Carbon Monoxide: as indicator of incomplete combustion
– Temperature: Important for correct process
• Problems to overcome– Tendency of smoke formation at low oxygen levels– Hot environment
REHEATING FURNACE
MONITORING AFTER REHEATING FURNACE
REHEATING FURNACESLABS
TAIL GAS DUCT
AR600 ( NO,NO2,NH3)
LD500 ( O2)
CORUS STEEL installation in European PlantInstalled early 2007Measuring NO,NO2,NH3,O2Temperature is approx. 450 degrees C
1100°C 1200 - 1300°C 1100°C
Charging zone
Preheating zone Heating zone Soaking zone
SLAB
dd
d d : Open-path height from SLAB surface 30 – 40mm
Cross section = 13 metre
= measurement location for Oxygen
POSCO STEEL, SLAB REHEATING FURNACE
Furnace duct1300 degrees C
Wall
Laser beam
LD500
RC101L+ PS
Max 85 degrees C
RE060L-T
50mm diam hole
Instrument air
Room temperature ( 15-30 degrees C)
Max temperature , 40 degrees C
Max 50 metre cable
CF120, max 1000 metre
MODIFICATIONS MADE FOR REHEATING FURNACE APPLICATION
New modifications:
1.Moved out electronic cards from RE060L, to a separate enclosure that can be installed at a distance up to 50 metre
2. Improved laser with 3 mW output compared to old laser with 0.1 mW, allows better light levels and handling of high dust levels
3.Opsis R&D department has installed a high temp heated measurement chamber which allows test environments up to 1300 degrees C .This has resulted in improved spectra handling and evaluations
MONITORING CO AND HYDROCARBONS
CO spectrum ( blue) recorded in reheating furnace, compared with factory spectrum( red/blue)
Absorption is too a large extension covered by unknown absorption lines, most probably hydrocarbons , making it difficult to reach very low detection limits for CO ( which also have weak absorption due to temperature induced line widening effects)
R&D is ongoing to overcome the problems and to reach better performance for CO
Unknown compounds, most probably hydrocarbons. Can be presented as unknown compound X,Y,Z etc , if of any interest for the user.
OTHER POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS
Blast furnace off gases ( CO,CO2)
LD converter off gases (CO,CO2,O2)
Coke oven off gas/leaks ( CH4,CO,O2,BTX)
Sinter plant off gas/waste gas ( H2O,HF,HCL)
Technical comparison
OPSIS
LD500
Separate TDL
Optical cable
Multiple TDL (4)
Switching TDL
Up to 8 paths I/O up to 255channels
RS232 with several ind.protocols
Modem
+Multiple path (max 8) +Multiple gas ( max 4)
+Also includes logger (IO256)
+Built-in cal.check
NEO TDL in the emitter Only 1 path I/O
RS232
+/-Simple system
- Limit in distance
-TDL on the duct
-Only one path
SIEMENS Separate TDL
Optical cable
Up to 3 paths I/O
RS232
+Multiple paths
+Built-in cal.check
BOREAL Separate TDL
Optical cable
Up to 8 paths I/O
RS232
+Multiple paths
Principle Paths Signal handling Comments (+/-)
Opsis LD500 TDL system features:Opsis LD500 TDL system features:
• Fast response time (~ 1-10 seconds)Fast response time (~ 1-10 seconds)• Semiconductor laser = reliable, long life timeSemiconductor laser = reliable, long life time• Multiplexing of up to 8 paths ( = cost effective solutions)Multiplexing of up to 8 paths ( = cost effective solutions)• Multiple gases ( HF,CO, CO2, H2O ,HCL,NH3, CH4…..)Multiple gases ( HF,CO, CO2, H2O ,HCL,NH3, CH4…..)• Up to 4 different gas compounds in the same analyserUp to 4 different gas compounds in the same analyser• Long fibre cable lengths (< 1 km)Long fibre cable lengths (< 1 km)• Low detection limits Low detection limits • Can operate in high dust environmentCan operate in high dust environment• Can operate in high temperature environmentCan operate in high temperature environment• A minimum of maintenance A minimum of maintenance
CONCLUSIONS