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Opportunities at the Center for Nanoscale Materials
Eric D. IsaacsCenter for Nanoscale MaterialsArgonne National Laboratory
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APS Monthly Ops Meeting, February 28, 2007
Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
www.nano.anl.gov!
Center for Nanoscale Materials: A DOE facility for nanoscience research
State-of-the-art scientific user facility at Argonne National Laboratory for the development and dissemination of the techniques for the synthesis, fabrication, characterization and theory of materials at the nanoscale.
Full facility operations in October ‘07.
Integrated Scientific Themes:• Electronic and Magnetic Materials & Devices• Nanobio interfaces• Nanophotonics• X-ray imaging
Enabling capabilities:• Synthesis and assembly• Nanofabrication• Nanocharacterization• Theory and simulation
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Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
Advanced Light Source
Stanford Synchrotron
Radiation Lab
National Synchrotron Light Source
Advanced Photon Source
National Center for Electron
Microscopy
Intense Pulsed Neutron Source
Los Alamos Neutron Science
Center
Spallation Neutron Source
Linac Coherent Light Source
Electron Microscopy Center for Materials
Research
High-Flux Isotope Reactor
Five DOE Nanoscale Science Research Five DOE Nanoscale Science Research Centers and Facilities IntegrationCenters and Facilities Integration
Molecular Foundry
Center for IntegratedNanotechnologies
Center for NanoscaleMaterials
Center for NanophaseMaterials Sciences
Center for Functional Nanomaterials
Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
Early operations began May ‘06Early operations began May ‘06Full operations begin fall ‘07Full operations begin fall ‘07
CNM Dedication Ceremony on September 18, 2006
Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
Six Integrated Scientific ThemesNanoBio Interfaces Nanofabrication
X-ray Imaging & Scattering
Theory & Simulation Electronic/Magnetic Materials & Devices
Nanophotonics
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• e-beam, nanoimprint• self-assembly• process integration
• biomolecular hybrids for energy converstion • biomimetics• dynamics
• Ultimate x-ray microscope• chemical, structural, strain, domain mapping.• in-situ processes.
• physics and chemistry in the near optical field.• plasmonics.
• nanomagnetism• nanoferroelectricity• oxide MBE, UNCD• STM (e.g, spin-polarized)• novel devices
• computational nanoscience; ‘virtual fab lab’• advanced computing; user friendly code
Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
Enabling Technical Capabilities• Nanosynthesis - ‘bottom-up’
– bio/organic/inorganic synthesis, self-assembly, thin film deposition.
• Nanopatterning - ‘top-down’– lithography (ebeam, FIB, optical), imprint,
pattern transfer (eg, RIE).
• Nanocharacterization– structural, magnetic, electronic, optical,
chemical and dynamical properties.– AFM, MFM, SEM, confocal optical– hard x-ray nanoprobe
• Theory and Simulation– computational materials science– leverage ANL leadership computing.
‘bottom-up’ synthesis and assembly of colloidal
nanoparticles
2.5nm 50 nm
13 nm Pd lines
‘top-down’ patterning of Pd wires; new cold develop process.
Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
Novel Synthesis: Flexible Electronics and Sensors
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Flexible H-sensor - Pd decorated SWNT film on flexible substrate.
Flexible Si nanoribbonsNature, Dec. ‘06
Yugang Sun (CNM), John Rogers (UIUC), et. al.
Rogers, Nuzzo
Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
Flexible Electronics
Flexible GaAs nanoribbons, Nature Materials, Dec. ‘06
Yugang Sun (CNM), John Rogers (UIUC)
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Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
Novel devices: Materials and NanopatterningY. Ji, A. Hoffman, S. Bader
Goal: Spin transistor with gain.Challenge: Coherent spin transport, materials with 100% spin polarization.
The ‘Johnson’ (spin) Transistor
Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
Advanced Characterization: spin-polarized STMGoal: understand and control the relationship between structure and properties of magnetic and (bio)molecular materials at the nanoscale.
Strategy: Develop world-leading programs with novel scanning-probes: STM, polarized-STM; NSOM; AFM/MFM; STM/SEM.
Synergistic with x-ray nanoprobe.
Bode, et al, Nature Materials, May (2006)
Spin-polarized STM
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Matthias BodePh.D.: U. Hamburg, 1996Senior Scientist, Wiesendanger Group, U. Hamburg, 1996 - present.Awards: Phillip-Morris Award, ‘03Distinguished Lecturer, IEEE, ‘07.CNM start date: March 1, 2007.
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theory simulation Spin-polarizedSTM image
Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
NanoBio Materials with New FunctionalityGoal: Bioinspired bio-inorganic conjugates for
energy and information transductionChallenge: Synthesis of hierarchical structures capable of sequential energy, e-, spin, exchangeUser Program Example: TiO2/antibody composites for targeted cell lysis - SCCD, Inc.; T. Rajh (CNM)
Destruction of infected psoriasis cells (cell lysis).
TiO2/antibody conjugates (AFM)
CNM Nanobio group expertise and capabilities in synthesis of novel nanobio conjugates and processes in energy transduction
Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
Goals: Create materials with user specified properities.
Computational nanoscience: Multiscale modeling - tight binding, molecular dynamics, & ab-initio calculations
Materials by Design: The Virtual Fab Lab
Example: New Nanomaterials from Functionalized Nanotubes
Sternberg et al, PRL 96 075506 (2006) Sidewall Ozonization Fused CNTs
Sternberg, Zapol, Curtiss
Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
Key Fabrication and Characterization Tools
Complex oxideMBE
5 nm
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Combined STM/SEM
Near-field Scanning Optical Microscope
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Ambient condition
AFM
Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
Emergent states in complex oxides - Oxide MBE
• Defect-free synthesis of new heterogeneous materials
• 2D electron (hole) gases at complex oxide interfaces– Mott and band
insulators– Polar and non-
polar insulators
• Interface engineering – Magnetism– Modulation
doping– Multiferroics (by
symmetry breaking)
AFMinsulators
TEM imaging: Jim Zuo’s group
(UIUC)
5 nm
Replace (La1-
xSrx)MnO3
by digital superlattice!
A. Bhattacharya, J. Eckstein et al,
(submitted, Apr 2007)
Anand Bhattacharya
Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
Hard X-ray Nanoprobe
• Mirror installation underway.• Mono delivered mid-April.• Nanoprobe instrument (Xradia) delivered in April, installation over the summer.• Ramp-up to full operations during FY08.
30 nm beam: Fresnel zone plate
A path to 1 nm!
Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
Opportunities for Nanoscience with X-rays• Imaging - scanning probe, full-field, coherent diffraction
– Large NA optics (multi-layer Laue Lens, zone plates).• Nanomagnetism, nanoferroelectricity• In-vivo characterization of biomolecular hybrid materials• In-situ processes - self-assembly, MBE, MOCVD, catalysis,
…• Dynamics at the nanoscale
-50 -25 0 25 50-2
-1
0
1
2
z (nm)
x
(nm
)
nanometer x-ray beamsDynamics and structure/strain
of ferroelectric materials
150 nm
Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
CNM User Program• Early ops, May ‘06; full ops, Fall ‘07• 320 registered users• 150 user proposals in three calls• 115 publications (~ 50/50 staff/user)
– Nature, PRL, Nanoletters, APL, JACS, JPCB, …
Medellín, ColombiaCali, Columbia
Middle East & Africa• Holon, Israel• Nsukka, Nigeria• Cape Town, South Africa
Mayaguez, Puerto RicoSan Juan, Puerto Rico
Asia/Pacific • Beijing, PRC• Daejeon, ROK• Clayton, Australia
28 States and Puerto Rico17 Countries
www.nano.anl.gov
Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
Opportunities for Nanoscience
• Synergies amongst four BES facilities at ANL: APS, IPNS, EMC, CNM - proximity matters.– CNM brings new capability to BES facility portfolio - synthesis, fabrication,
characterization and theory of materials at the nanoscale.
• Nanoscience with x-rays– Sub-10 nm x-ray imaging, coherent diffraction, dynamics (sub-100 ps), in-
situ processes (self-assembly, catalysis, …).
• Nanoprobes at CNM– STM, spin-polarized STM, STM/SEM, AFM, MFM, electron microscopy
(STEM, SEM), SPM/SEM.
• ‘One-stop’ user access to all four facilities.– www.nano.anl.gov
Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
Contact: Katie Carrado, CNM User Programs and Outreach Manager
Center for Nanoscale Materials: A DOE facility for nanoscience research
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Hard X-ray Nanoprobe
Full facility operations in October ‘07.
Zone-plates: 30 nm
Center for Nanoscale MaterialsAPS Monthly Ops Meeting, Feb 28, 2007
CNM Building Layout
Public Space & OfficesPublic Space & Offices
SupportSupport
CleanroomsCleanrooms LaboratoriesLaboratories
X-rayNanoprobeBeamline