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“Following the Vision for GEO 2025, the proposed key areas of activity for the next decade are: 1) Advocate for the value of Earth observations and the need to continue improving Earth observation worldwide; 2) Urge the adoption and implementation of data sharing principles globally; 3) Advance the development of the GEOSS information system for the benefit of users; 4) Develop a comprehensive interdisciplinary knowledge base defining and documenting observations needed for all disciplines and facilitate availability and accessibility of these observations to user communities; and 5) Cultivate global initiatives tailored to meet specific user needs.”
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March 23, 2015
Ministerial Guidance 2014: Fourth key area of activity: “Develop a comprehensive interdisciplinary knowledge base defining and documenting observations needed for all disciplines and facilitate availability and accessibility of these observations to user communities.”
Hans-Peter Plag1 and Stefano Nativi2
1) IEEE, Mitigation and Adaptation Research Institute (MARI)Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Va, USA
2) Earth and Space Informatics laboratoryNational Research Council of ItalyInstitute of Atmospheric Pollution Research
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“Develop a comprehensive interdisciplinary knowledge base defining and documenting observations needed for all disciplines and facilitate availability and accessibility of these observations to user communities.”
- how to define and document “observations needed”- a “comprehensive knowledge base”
- facilitate “availability and accessibility”- linking to “user communities”First results for the next Ministerial SummitGoal: Feedback on how we interpret the ministerial guidance
- “... for all disciplines ...”
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Information Needs
Stakeholder Driven GEOSS
Defining observations based on information needs
Defining models and tools based on information needs
GEO, 2005. 10-YIP Reference Document.
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“... defining and documenting observations needed for all disciplines”
... needed for all disciplines to do/achieve what?
What are the goals? - scientific disciplines: create new knowledge; monitor the environment, assess state and trends, predict; - societal disciplines: enable sustainable development - GEO: Societal Benefit Areas; Strategic Targets - Ministers: Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
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19 Focus Areas
Griggs et al., 2013
Griggs et al. (2013): 6 SDGs:1 Thriving lives and livelihoods2 Sustainable food security3 Secure sustainable water4 Universal clean energy5 Healthy and productive ecosystems6 Governance for sustainable societies
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SDG IndicatorsThe purpose of SDG indicators is twofold. First, an indicator should be a management tool, to help countries develop implementation and monitoring strategies for achieving the SDGs and to monitor progress. Second, an indicator is a report card, to measure progress towards achieving a target and ensure the accountability of governments to their citizens.
This will require:• Investing in national statistical systems, household surveys, remote sensing, and Big Data; • Identifying areas where statistical standards are currently lacking and asking the statistical community to develop them in the future; • Thinking in terms of the measurement instruments that each country should have in place (e.g. vital statistics, censuses, surveys, national accounts, administrative records, Big Data); and • Specifying the quality requirements (e.g. frequency of data-collection, timeliness of releases, geographical detail, common set of variables available for cross-classification purposes).
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GoalsGoalsGoalsGoals
TargetsTargetsTargetsTargets
IndicatorsIndicatorsIndicatorsIndicators
Essential Essential VariablesVariablesEssential Essential VariablesVariables
(URR)Inference
Engine
Knowledge aboutApplications, Activities, Tools, ...
Knowledge about Users,Benefits,
Defining observations needed
Observational RequirementsObservational RequirementsObservational RequirementsObservational Requirements
- rules- models
SEE IN Knowledge Base
Socio-Economic and Environmental Information
Needs Knowledge Base
GEO’s Contribution
3rd GEOSS S&T 3rd GEOSS S&T Stakeholder Stakeholder WorkshopWorkshop
3rd GEOSS S&T 3rd GEOSS S&T Stakeholder Stakeholder WorkshopWorkshop
- human interactions (e.g., surveys)
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For example, “safeguarding Earth’s life-support system;” based on Griggs et al. (2013): sustainable development is a “Development that meets the needs of the present while safeguarding Earth’s life-support system, on which the welfare of current and future generations depends.”
Other goals:
From http://www.economy4humanity.org
Potential Indicators:
Planetary health indicators
GEOSS the “lab” for patient Earth ...
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Potential Indicators:
For example, Documenting “global change”
Other goals:
Change indicators
GEOSS the “archive” for the future ...
<---Holocene--->
<--Anthropocene ??
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For example, “Safe operating space for humanity;” Rockström et al. (2009)
Other goals:
Potential Indicators:
Planetary boundary indicators
GEOSS the planetary cockpit ...
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• For each set of goals, we can agree on targets• For targets, we can develop a metrics based on indicators • For indicators, we can identify “essential variables” needed to quantify the indicators
General Blue Print for top-down approach:
Other Blue Prints for bottom-up approaches to be developed
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GoalsGoalsGoalsGoals
TargetsTargetsTargetsTargets
IndicatorsIndicatorsIndicatorsIndicators
EVsEVsEVsEVs
SEE IN KBInference
Engine
Knowledge aboutApplications, Activities, Tools, ...
Knowledge about Users,Benefits,
Defining observations needed
- rules- models- human interactions (e.g., surveys)
Gap AnalysisGap AnalysisGap AnalysisGap Analysis
Observational Observational RequirementsRequirementsObservational Observational RequirementsRequirements
Earth observation systems, data, and Earth observation systems, data, and servicesservices
Earth observation systems, data, and Earth observation systems, data, and servicesservices
GEOSS Knowledge Base
Inference Engine
Providing environmental intelligence
- Rules- models- human interactions (e.g., research)
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“Develop a comprehensive interdisciplinary knowledge base defining and documenting observations needed for all disciplines and facilitate availability and accessibility of these observations to user communities.”
“... these observations ...”: Observations or knowledge/ environmental intelligence?
“... to user communities”: Who are the user communities?
“... availability and accessibility ...”: How should this be accessible?
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Following the Vision for GEO 2025, the proposed key areas of activity for the next decade are: 1) Advocate for the value of Earth observations and the need to continue improving Earth observation worldwide; 2) Urge the adoption and implementation of data sharing principles globally; 3) Advance the development of the GEOSS information system for the benefit of users; 4) Develop a comprehensive interdisciplinary knowledge base defining and documenting observations needed for all disciplines and facilitate availability and accessibility of these observations to user communities; and 5) Cultivate global initiatives tailored to meet specific user needs.
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Flip chart, Workshop at GEO Secretariat, 20-21 March 2014
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Flip chart, Workshop at GEO Secretariat, 20-21 March 2014
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Transformational Pathways forward
Bringing together stakeholders Bringing together stakeholders and knowledge for informed, and knowledge for informed,
particpatory governanceparticpatory governance
Bringing together stakeholders Bringing together stakeholders and knowledge for informed, and knowledge for informed,
particpatory governanceparticpatory governance
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“Develop a comprehensive interdisciplinary knowledge base defining and documenting observations needed for all disciplines and facilitate availability and accessibility of these observations to user communities.”
Q: “... these observations ...”: Observations or knowledge/ environmental intelligence?
Q: “... to user communities”: Who are the user communities?
“... availability and accessibility ...”: How should this be accessible?
A: science and research, sustainable communities, participatory governance
A: environmental intelligence, practice-relevant knowledge created on demand
A: more than access to observation databases and information systems ...
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Social
Private
Public
GovernanceDecision making
Science
PoliciesPlanningCodes
Best & next practices
Perceptions
VSTMeetings
DeliberationsRisk-based choices
ScenariosVisualizations
CoI mediations
Stakeholder values &interests
LKBModel Web
ServicesGeoDesign
GISIntegrated databases
(environmental,economic,human)ontology
Participation
What If?
State&
Trends
Impacts
PredictionsCollaborative Platform for Cooperation
IoT
IoM
Human Sensors
Instrument Sensors
Society
WorldDeliberations
SD
Knowledge Creation and Usage: - Co-design- Co-creation- Co-usage (RIO+20)
GEOSS Information System (GEOIS)
4th GEOSS S&T 4th GEOSS S&T Stakeholder Stakeholder WorkshopWorkshop
4th GEOSS S&T 4th GEOSS S&T Stakeholder Stakeholder WorkshopWorkshop
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Draft Position Paper/White Paper (PP): In progress
PP iterated with GEO Community; GEO Secariat leads iteration ...
Implement SEE IN KB Version 0 (Nativi&Plag)
Populate with well-tested blue-prints: together with relevant groups
Populate with blue-prints for EVs; candidates are ECarbonV, eEOVs, EBVs,
GEO Secretariat informs IPWG and asks for guidance on the process for community feedback (Work plan symposium, survey)
Develop process from goals to information needs - EVs - Observations Apply process to SGDs