openid and decentralised social networks
DESCRIPTION
Presented at Webstock '08 on February 15th in Wellington, New Zealand. Social networks are an unavoidable part of life on the Web today, but most exist as walled gardens with interactions and identities trapped in a silo. OpenID is one of a number of initiatives that are trying to break down these walls and enable new social applications to bootstrap off each other.TRANSCRIPT
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Simon Willison Webstock15th February 2008
and decentralisedsocial networks
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One year ago...
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AOL Supports OpenIDSymantec Unveils Consumer
Identity Strategy
OpenID Gets a Boost
From Microsoft
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The last few weeks...
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OpenID announces powerhouse
board: MSFT, GOOG, IBM, others
Yahoo! backs! OpenID!
OpenID Foundation Co-opts
Google, Microsoft And Yahoo
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http://www.flickr.com/photos/87846746@N00/2235550137/
?
or
who will save us from
Decentralised social networks
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The username and password problem
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What’s my password again?
What’s myusername again?
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The Web needsSingle Sign On
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?
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?Windows Live ID
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SSO with a single controlling authoritybetrays the principles
of the Web
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OpenID is a decentralised mechanism
for Single Sign On
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It’s like e-mail - no one company controls it, but users with different e-mail providers can still
talk to each other
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An OpenID is a URL(an identifier)
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http://openid.aol.com/simonwillison/
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URLs are globally unique
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The OpenID protocol lets you prove that you
own a specific URL
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Which means an OpenID can be used as an
authentication credential
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“Who are you?”
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“I’m simonwillison.net”
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“prove it!”
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(magic happens)
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“OK, you’re in!”
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Picking an OpenID is like picking an e-mail provider - you find a
company that you trust
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Or if you have the ability to run your own server software, you can do it
for yourself
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(mobile phones can run web servers now)
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How to use OpenID
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?What happens tomy organisation’s
user account database?
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OpenID augments existing account
mechanisms; it does not replace them
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The first time you see a specific OpenID, you create
an account for that user
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OpenID can even help userscreate their initial profile
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OpenID 1.1: Simple Registration
OpenID 2.0: Attribute Exchange
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?So how does OpenIDactually work?
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<link rel="openid.server" href="http://www.myopenid.com/server" />
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“I’m simonwillison.myopenid.com”
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Site fetches HTML,discovers identity provider
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Establishes shared secretwith identity provider
(Using Diffie-Hellman key exchange)
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Redirects you to the identity provider
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If you’re logged in there, you get redirected back
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(Discovery in OpenID 2.0 is more complicated, but the concept is much the same)
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?How does my identityprovider know who I am?
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OpenID deliberately doesn’t specify
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username/passwordis the most common
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But providers can use other methods if
they want to
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Client SSL certificates
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Out of band authentication via SMS,
e-mail or Jabber
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Hardware tokens
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Vidoop.com
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?Will everyone end upwith one OpenID that
they use for everything?
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Almost certainly not
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(I have half a dozen OpenIDs already)
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People like maintaining multiple online personas
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professionalsocialsecret
...
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OpenID makes it easier to manage multiple
online personas
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Three accounts is much better than three dozen
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An OpenID provider can provide more than
just an OpenID
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My AOL OpenID incorporates my AIM
screen name
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An OpenID from sun.com proves that someone is a current
Sun employee
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An OpenID from a university can assert my
staff/student status
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Some providers might even provide guarantees that OpenIDs belong to
specific people
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Problems with OpenID
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Phishing
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lolcats ‘r’ us
Sign in with your OpenID for even more lolcats!
OpenID: Sign in
http://www.flickr.com/photos/duygu/115528187/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/earthandeden/395466458/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/endbradley/306280569/
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Fake edition
Username and password, please!
Your identity provider
Username:
Password:Log in
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Your accountgets stolen
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An untrusted site redirects you to your
trusted provider
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PayPalGoogle Checkout
Yahoo!, Flickr, Facebook
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One solution: don’t let the user log in on the
identity provider “landing page”
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Better solutions
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Yahoo! sign-in seal
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VeriSign SeatBelt (a browser extension)
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Windows CardSpace
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Competition between providers on security
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?Outsourcing the security of your users
to a third party
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OpenID is functionally equivalent to a lost password
e-mail mechanism
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If e-mail is secure enough for your user’s authentication,
then so is OpenID
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In other cases, a whitelist of trusted providers may
make sense
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Usability challenges
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Many people haveno idea what a URL is
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(but they do know wheretheir MySpace page is)
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OpenID 2.0 introduces directed identity
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Linking identities together
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Identity projection
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last.fm
Upcoming
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XFN rel="me" lets me publicly point to my
accounts on other services
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Portable contact lists
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I don’t want to have to re-add my friends on every social application I use
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But... I don’t want to automatically add my
high school friends to a business network
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The correct model is pick-from-import:
show me a list of options and let me decide
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The state of the art in contact import is asking for the user’s webmail
password
The contact import anti-pattern
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The good way: XFN and FOAFPublic data, already published
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The Google Social Graph API
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A safe way to import private contacts?
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oauth.net
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Completing our decentralised social
network
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The Facebook news feed
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Flickr photos from your contacts
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Your Twitter friends
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Decentralised news feed?
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XMPP(Jabber)
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We have the ingredients
• OpenID
• OAuth
• XFN and FOAF
• XMPP
Now we just need to make the pie
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People of Webstock!
• Go forth and implement OpenID
• Support these emerging standards
• Set your users free
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http://openid.net/
http://www.openidenabled.com/
http://simonwillison.net/tags/openid/