openhpi 2.4 - how to represent facts - rdf(3)
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This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 (CC BY-NC 3.0)
Dr. Harald Sack
Hasso Plattner Institute for IT Systems Engineering
University of Potsdam
Spring 2013
Semantic Web Technologies
Lecture 2: Semantic Web - Basic Architecture I04: How to Represent Facts? - RDF(3)
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Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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Lecture 2: Semantic Web - Basic Architecture I
Open HPI - Course: Semantic Web Technologies
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Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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04 How to Represent Facts? - RDF (3)Open HPI - Course: Semantic Web Technologies - Lecture 2: Semantic Web Basic Architecture I
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Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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04 How to Represent Facts? - RDF (3)Open HPI - Course: Semantic Web Technologies - Lecture 2: Semantic Web Basic Architecture I
Blank Nodes and Lists
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Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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Resource Description Framework
Multi Valued Relations and Blank Nodes• Example:
• A lecture takes place twice a week in two different rooms
• How to model this in RDF?
Semantic Web Technologies
http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#hasName
http://hpi-web.de/ws1213#swt
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Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
5
Resource Description Framework
Multi Valued Relations and Blank Nodes• Example:
• A lecture takes place twice a week in two different rooms
• How to model this in RDF?
Semantic Web Technologies
http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#hasName
http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#hasRoom
http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#hasDate
HS3
Tue 13.30-15.00
http://hpi-web.de/ws1213#swt
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Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
5
Resource Description Framework
Multi Valued Relations and Blank Nodes• Example:
• A lecture takes place twice a week in two different rooms
• How to model this in RDF?
Semantic Web Technologies
http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#hasName
http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#hasRoom
http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#hasDate
HS3
Tue 13.30-15.00
http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#hasRoom
http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#hasDate
H-1.52
Wed 13.30-15.00
http://hpi-web.de/ws1213#swt
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Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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Resource Description Framework
Multi Valued Relations and Blank Nodes• Example:
• A lecture takes place twice a week in two different rooms
• How to model this in RDF?
Problem: not unique
Semantic Web Technologies
http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#hasName
http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#hasRoom
http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#hasDate
HS3
Tue 13.30-15.00
http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#hasRoom
http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#hasDate
H-1.52
Wed 13.30-15.00
http://hpi-web.de/ws1213#swt
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Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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Resource Description Framework
Multi Valued Relations and Blank Nodes• Example:
• A lecture takes place twice a week in two different rooms
• How to model this in RDF?
hpi-lv:hasRoom
http://hpi-web.de/ws1213#swt
Semantic Web Technologieshpi-lv:hasName
HS3
Tue 13.30-15.00
hpi-lv:hasDate
H-1.52
Wed 13.30-15.00
hpi-lv:hasRoom
hpi-lv:hasDate
hpi-lv:takesPlace
hpi-lv:takesPlace
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Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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Resource Description Framework
Blank Nodes• Blank Nodes (Bnodes) can be introduced to represend multi valued
relationships
• Blank Nodes can be introduced for resources that don‘t need a name(auxiliary nodes)
hpi-lv:hasRoom
http://hpi-web.de/ws1213#swt
Semantic Web Technologies
hpi-lv:hasName
HS3
Tue 13.30-15.00
hpi-lv:hasDate
hpi-lv:takesPlace
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Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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Resource Description Framework
Anonymous Blank Nodes
hpi-lv:hasRoom
http://hpi-web.de/ws1213#swt
Semantic Web Technologies
hpi-lv:hasName
HS3
Tue 13.30-15.00
hpi-lv:hasDate
hpi-lv:takesPlace
<xml version=“1.0“ encoding=“utf-8“><rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#“ xmlns:hpi-lv=“http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#“ >
<rdf:Description rdf:about=“http://hpi-web.de/ws1213#swt“> <hpi-lv:takesPlace rdf:parseType=“Resource“/> <hpi-lv:hasDate>Die, 13.30-15.00</hpi-lv:hasDate> <hpi-lv:hasRoom>HS3</hpi-lv:hasRoom> </hpi-lv:takesPlace> </rdf:Description>
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Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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Resource Description Framework
Anonymous Blank Nodes
hpi-lv:hasRoom
http://hpi-web.de/ws1213#swt
Semantic Web Technologies
hpi-lv:hasName
HS3
Tue 13.30-15.00
hpi-lv:hasDate
hpi-lv:takesPlace
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .@prefix hpi-lv: <http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#> .
<http://hpi-web.de/ws1213#swt> hpi-lv:takesPlace [ hpi-lv:hasDate “Tue 13.30-15.00“; hpi-lv:hasRoom “HS3“ ] .
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Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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Resource Description Framework
Dereferencable Blank Nodes
hpi-lv:hasRoom
http://hpi-web.de/ws1213#swt
Semantic Web Technologies
hpi-lv:hasName
HS3
Tue 13.30-15.00
hpi-lv:hasDate
ID1
hpi-lv:takesPlace
<rdf:Description rdf:about=“http://hpi-web.de/ws1213#swt“> <hpi-lv:takesPlace rdf:nodeID=“ID1“/> <rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:nodeID=“ID1“> <hpi-lv:hasDate>Tue 13.30-15.00</hpi-lv:hasDate> <hi-lv:hasRoom>HS3<hpi-lv:hasRoom> </rdf:Description></rdf:RDF>
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Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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Resource Description Framework
Dereferencable Blank Nodes
hpi-lv:hasRoom
http://hpi-web.de/ws1213#swt
Semantic Web Technologies
hpi-lv:hasName
HS3
Tue 13.30-15.00
hpi-lv:hasDate
ID1
hpi-lv:takesPlace
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .@prefix hpi-lv: <http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#> .
<http://hpi-web.de/ws1213#swt> hpi-lv:takesPlace _:ID1 .
_:ID1 hpi-lv:hasDate “Tue 13.30-15.00“; hpi-lv:hasRoom “HS3“ .
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Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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Resource Description Framework
Lists• General Data structure to enumerate any resoures or literals
• Only shortcuts, no additional semantic expressivity
• Distinguish between
• Container open list, i.e. extension (new entries) possible
• Collectionsclosed list, i.e. no extension possible
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Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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Resource Description Framework
RDF Container
rdf:type
rdf:Seq
hpi-lv:hasParticipants
http://hpi-web.de/SchmidtJoseph
http://hpi-web.de/SchulzeEgon
http://hpi-web.de/MuellerFranz
http://hpi-web.de/BurgerAntonrdf:_1
http://hpi-web.de/ws1213#swt
rdf:_2
rdf:_3
rdf:_4
@prefix hpi-lv: <http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#> .@prefix rdf: http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
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Resource Description Framework
RDF Container
@prefix hpi-lv: <http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#> .@prefix rdf: http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
<rdf:Description rdf:about=“http://hpi-web.de/ws1213#swt“> <lv:hasParticipants> <rdf:Seq> <rdf:li rdf:resource=“http://hpi-web.de/BurgerAnton“ /> <rdf:li rdf:resource=“http://hpi-web.de/MuellerFranz“ /> <rdf:li rdf:resource=“http://hpi-web.de/SchmidtJoseph“ /> <rdf:li rdf:resource=“http://hpi-web.de/SchulzeEgon“ /> </rdf:Seq> </lv:hasParticipants> </rdf:Description>
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RDF-Container• the root node of the container is
assigned a container-typ via rdf:type
• rdf:Bagunordered set of elements,there is no given order of elements
• rdf:Seqordered set of elements,
• rdf:Altdefines alternatives of elements only one element of the given alternatives is relevant for the application
Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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Resource Description Framework
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Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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Resource Description Framework
RDF Container
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .@prefix lv: <http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#> .@base <http://hpi-web.de/>
:swt lv:hasParticipants [ a rdf:Seq; rdf:_1 <BurgerAnton>; rdf:_2 <MuellerFranz>; rdf:_3 <SchmidtJoseph>; rdf:_4 <SchulzeEgon> . ] .
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RDF-Collection
Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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Resource Description Framework
rdf:nil
lv:hasParticipants rdf:first
rdf:rest
http://hpi-web.de/SchmidtJoseph
http://hpi-web.de/SchulzeEgon
http://hpi-web.de/MuellerFranz
http://hpi-web.de/BurgerAnton
List is splitted recursively in Head (first) and Tail (rest).
http://hpi-web.de/ws1213#swt
rdf:rest
rdf:rest
rdf:rest
rdf:first
rdf:first
rdf:first
@prefix hpi-lv: <http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#> .@prefix rdf: http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
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RDF-Collection
<rdf:Description rdf:about=“http://hpi-web.de/ws1213#swt“> <lv:hasParticipant rdf:parseType=“Collection“> <rdf:Description rdf:about=“http://hpi-web.de/BurgerAnton“ /> <rdf:Description rdf:about=“http://hpi-web.de/MuellerFranz“ /> <rdf:Description rdf:about=“http://hpi-web.de/SchmidtJoseph“ /> <rdf:Description rdf:rabout=“http://hpi-web.de/SchulzeEgon“ /> </lv:hasParticipant> </rdf:Description>
Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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Resource Description Framework
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RDF-Collection
Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .@prefix lv: <http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#> .@base <http://hpi-web.de/>
:swt lv:hasParticipant [ rdf:first <BurgerAnton>; rdf:rest [ rdf:first <MuellerFranz>; rdf:rest [ rdf:first <SchmidtJoseph>; rdf:rest [ rdf:first <SchulzeEgon>; rdf:rest rdf:nil .] ] ] ] .
Resource Description Framework
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RDF-Collection
Semantic Web Technologies , Dr. Harald Sack, Hasso-Plattner-Institut, Universität Potsdam
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@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .@prefix lv: <http://hpi-web.de/Lecture#> .@base <http://hpi-web.de/>
:swt lv:hasParticipant ( <BurgerAnton> <MuellerFranz> <SchmidtJoseph> <SchulzeEgon>) .
Resource Description Framework
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05 How to Represent Facts? - RDF (4)Open HPI - Course: Semantic Web Technologies - Lecture 2: Semantic Web Basic Architecture I
Reification