OPEN GOVERNMENT

Roula Sylla

Policy Analyst

Governance Reviews and Partnerships Division

Public Governance and Territorial Development Directorate

OECD

• OECD: Who we are?

• A Partner in Open Government (OG) Reforms

• OG eligibility Criterias

• The OECD supporting countries to join the OGP.

• MENA countries and OGP.

Outline

OECD: Who are we?

Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development

Better policies for better lives

Organisation

34 member countries from around the world

12 Directorates

About 250 Committees, Working Groups and Expert Networks

Secretariat comprising more than 2,500 professionals

QUICK FACTS

History established in 1961 Headquarters Paris, France Budget EUR 347 million Secretary-General Angel Gurría

The mission of the OECD is to promote policies that will

improve the economic and social well-being of people

around the world.

The OECD has defined open government as:

“the transparency of government actions, the

accessibility of government services and

information, and the responsiveness of

government to new ideas, demands and needs"

OECD definition of Open Government

Source: European Commission

Open Government policies are an integral part of public sector reform efforts and promote the same principles of good governance.

Open Government and Socio-economic Development

In addition:

- They improve the quality of policies - They enhance service design and delivery - They create economic value - They increase public trust:

The OECD supports the OGP

The OECD has collaborated with

the OGP since 2011 and is now an

official multilateral partner.

Implementing Open Government reforms with the OECD means:

Responding to the demands of citizens and business for transparency, integrity, participation and better public services;

Modernising public administrations with the principles of Good Governance; Fostering sustainable socio-economic development.

A Partner in Open Government Reforms

The OECD supports the OGP

OGP Open Government Declaration

As members of the Open Government Partnership, countries should commit to :

apply international instruments related to human rights and good governance:

“Together, we declare our commitment to: Increase the availability of information about governmental

activities.

Support civic participation.

Implement the highest standards of professional integrity throughout our administrations.

Increase access to new technologies for openness and accountability.”

To become a member

OGP Action Plan

The OECD supports countries join the OGP

Open Govt Review

Meet the Criteria

Develop an Action Plan

Implement the Action Plan

Submit to an Evaluation

The OGP cycle and how the OECD can support

countries go through it

Support the development and implementation of policies to meet the eligibility criteria

Contribute to the production and implementation of the OGP action plan

Review the results of the implementation of open government policies

Assess the state of the art of open government policies and practices

The OECD expertise in Good Governance

and Open Government

Areas OECD Comparative Knowledge Base and Data OECD frameworks and instruments

Public Governance

Strategic Capacities of the State Institutional leadership and coordination Change Management

Public Governance Reviews Network of Centres of Government Framework to promote “Making Reform Happen” OECD Open Government Project

Access to Information and open data

Comparative data on Freedom of Information Laws and proactive disclosure of information

Laws and policy measures for open government

Framework to assess Open Government Policies Guiding Principles on Open and Inclusive Policy-Making Framework to assess open data initiatives

Public engagement

Policy frameworks and practices to promote citizens participation

Use of consultation in the Regulatory Impact Assessment process

Handbook on Information, Consultation and Public Participation in Policy-Making

MENA-OECD Practitioners’ guide for engaging stakeholders in the Rule-Making Process

Integrity and Fight Against Corruption

Conflict of Interest Disclosure Code of Conducts Transparency in public procurement Transparency in Lobbying

Principles for Transparency and Integrity in Lobbying Principles for Enhancing Integrity in Public Procurement Guidelines for Managing Conflict of Interest in the Public

Service Principles for Managing Ethics in the Public Service

Public Sector use of ICTs

E-government strategies Data on public sector ICT spending

Framework to assess public sector use of ICT for openness, integrity, transparency;

Public Sector Information accessibility and disclosure.

Fiscal transparency

Budget disclosures Transparency in the budget process

Good Practices in budget transparency

GIFT-MENA - Marrakech - 11 Fberuary 2015

• building government institutions that operate with Transparency is one of the four pillars of the OGP:

• Citizen Participation

• Budget Transparency

• Access to information /ICT

• Integrity

Transparency and open government

The OECD expertise: OG and budget

Transparency

• OECD Best Practices for Budget Transparency (developed by the OECD Working Party of Senior Budget Officials in 2002) are currently being updated. They focus on budget reports, specific disclosures, and practices for ensuring integrity.

• An effective role for the legislature is a critical component to ensuring integrity. The OECD provides a unique platform for policy dialogue and exchange of good practice through our network of Parliamentary Budget Officials and Independent Fiscal Institutions (PBO). The Network has developed a first draft of Principles for Independent Fiscal Institutions.

• OECD Budget Practices and Procedures Database provides comparable data on practices related to budget transparency from 31 OECD Member countries and 66 non-members from the Middle East, Africa, Eastern Europe, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean. This database is also in the process of being updated.

Trends in budgetary frameworks

• annual multi-annual

• PFM strategic planning

• identifying savings policy instrument

• financial inputs performance

• bottom-up top-down, fiscal targets

• fiscal transparency fiscal risks, resilience

• budget institution other institutions

citizens

• budget process public governance

The OECD Updated Budget Principles

1. Budgets should be managed within clear, credible and predictable limits for fiscal policy.

2. Budgets should be closely aligned with the medium-term strategic priorities of government.

3. The capital budgeting framework should be designed to meet national development needs in a cost-effective and coherent manner.

4. Budget documents and data should be open, transparent and accessible.

5. Debate on budgetary choices should be inclusive, participative and realistic.

6. Budgets should present a comprehensive, accurate and reliable account of the public finances.

The Updated Budget Principles

7. Budget execution should be actively planned, managed and monitored.

8. Performance, evaluation and value for money should be integral to the

budget process. 9. Longer-term sustainability and other fiscal risks should be identified,

assessed and managed prudently.

10. The integrity and quality of budgetary forecasts, fiscal plans and budgetary implementation should be promoted through rigorous quality assurance, including independent audit.

Budgeting within fiscal objectives

Principles of Budgetary Governance

Quality, integrity &

independent audit

Performance, Evaluation &

VFM

Comprehensive budget

accounting

Effective budget

execution

Alignment with medium-term strategic plans and priorities

Performance, evaluation &

VFM

Transparency, openness & accessibility

Participative, Inclusive

& Realistic Debate

Fiscal Risks & Sustainability

Capital budgeting framework

OG and Citizens’ Engagement

Citizens’ Engagement

Participation Access to

Information

GUIDING PRINCIPLES FOR OPEN AND INCLUSIVE POLICY MAKING

1. Commitment

2. Rights

3. Clarity

4. Time

5. Inclusion

6. Resources

7. Co–ordination

8. Accountability

9. Evaluation

10. Active citizenship

Source: “Citizens and Partners” (2001) and updated in “Focus on Citizens” (2009)

The OECD expertise: Citizens’ Engagement

Building government institutions that operate with Transparency is one of the four pillars of the OGP:

• Citizen Participation

• Budget Transparency

• Access to information /ICT

• Integrity

Integrity and open government

Anti-Corruption and integrity - an

integral part of Open Government

OPEN GOVERNMENT

Transparency

Participation

Integrity

Accountability

An Anti-Corruption and Integrity Strategy should be an integral part of the Open Government Strategy!

Open Government Strategy

Sub-Strategies: • Anti-Corruption and

integrity tools: code of conduct, assets declaration, conflict of interest etc.

• Citizens engagement…

One overall strategy

Fighting corruption is amongst the key principles of the OGP declaration

A key challenge identified by the Partnership, is to ensure high standards of professional integrity throughout the public administration

The Eligibility criteria to the OGP comprises an integrity related measure: asset disclosure

Fighting corruption and promoting integrity

at the centre of the OGP

OECD expertise on integrity

The OECD focuses on the most vulnerable areas to corruption, including critical decision –making processes at the interface of the public / private sectors

• Principles for Managing Ethics in the Public Service (1998)

• Guidelines for Managing Conflict of Interest in the Public Service (2003)

• Recommendation on Enhancing Integrity in Public Procurement (2008)

OECD expertise on integrity - Tools

Public sector code of conducts

Asset declarations (G20 High Level Principles on Asset Disclosure for Public Officials)

Whistle-blowers protections (Guiding Principles for Legislation on the Protection of Whistleblowers (2012)

Political finance

“Codes of conduct describe expected behaviour of civil servants and create a common understanding of what constitutes appropriate and inappropriate conduct”

Strong instrument to promote integrity and encourage Open Government reforms

Link to Recommendation on Improving Ethical Conduct in the Public Service

Codes of Conduct

Steps in the Design and Implementation

of a Code of Conduct

Preliminary Research: Identify priorities; review relevant internal documents; analyse international best practices.

Draft the code: Particularly important to pay attention to the code’s legal setting and scope.

Evaluation: Allow for questions and revisions to the code.

Implementation: Establish an office / unit to oversee changes to the code; respond to situations as they arise.

Dissemination: Finalize the code and initialize its integration into the daily work of civil servants.

• building government institutions that operate with Transparency is one of the four pillars of the OGP:

• Citizen Participation

• Budget Transparency

• Access to information /ICT

• Integrity

Access to Information, ICT and open

government

• A law that guarantees public right to information and access to government data is an important condition to an open government.

• A law that meets international standards and best practices.

• A law that is implemented and guarantees access to information.

Access to information and OG

E-Government and OG

“The use of information and communication technologies, and particularly the Internet, as a tool to achieve better government.” Source: The e-Government Imperative (OECD, 2003)

OGP Current and Future Members (more than 60 and growing…)

Countries that have endorsed the declaration as of September 20, 2011: Brazil,

Indonesia, Mexico, Norway, Philippines, South Africa, United Kingdom, United

States

Countries that have endorsed the declaration as of April 17, 2012: Albania,

Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Czech Republic, Croatia,

Denmark, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Estonia, Georgia, Greece, Jordan,

Kenya, Latvia, Lithuania, Guatemala, Honduras, Israel, Italy, Malta, Moldova,

Montenegro, Netherlands, Paraguay, Peru, Romania, Slovak Republic, Spain,

South Korea, Sweden, Tanzania, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay.

Countries that have endorsed the declaration as of April 24, 2013: Argentina,

Costa Rica, Finland, Ghana, Hungary, Liberia, Panama, Serbia

Countries that are in the process of developing commitments and will endorse the

declaration in 2014: Australia, Ireland, Malawi, Mongolia, Trinidad and Tobago.

Through the MENA-OECD Open Government Project, the OECD supports Jordan, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia.

The OECD supports MENA countries

Tunisia: By implementing OECD recommendations, Tunisia became eligible and joined the OGP on the historic date of 14 January 2014, as the second country in the MENA region to achieve this important goal. The OECD accompanied the country to engage in a consultation process with its citizens and draft its first OGP Action Plan. Following the OECD’s seminar focused on the OECD Open Government Review Tunisia and training on citizen’s engagement, Tunisia launched its consultation process. The seminar facilitated the creation of an open government civil society network and allowed the government to elaborate a timeline for the consultation process with civil society. Inspired by the OECD recommendations Tunisia presented its first Action Plan in September 2014 becoming an OGP member.

• Morocco: The discussions of the OECD Open Government Review Morocco and training on consultation processes facilitated the establishment of an Open Government Steering Committee with representatives from key public institutions and civil society organisations. The OECD is supporting the Committee to already elaborate an OGP action plan and engage in a consultation

• Ongoing process: the government is finalizing the adoption of the access to information law. This allows Morocco to join OG once the law is passed.

The OECD supports MENA countries

http://www.oecd.org/mena/governance/open-government.htm

People are demanding transparency, accountability, access to information and competent service delivery from their governments. They also expect policies and services to be tailored to their needs and address their concerns.

Open government - the opening up of government processes, proceedings, documents and data for public scrutiny and involvement - is now considered as a fundamental element of a democratic society. Both greater transparency and public participation can not only lead to better policies and services, they can also promote public sector integrity, which is essential to regaining the trust of citizens in the neutrality and reliability of public administrations.”

Contact us:

Roula Sylla

MENA-OECD Governance Programme

Public Governance Reviews and Partnerships

Directorate for Public Governance and Territorial Development

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Developemnt

Email: roula.sylla@oecd.org

THANK YOU!