open educational resources (oer) and opencourseware (ocw)

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Open Educational Resources (OER) & OpenCourseware (OCW) Anne Arendt

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Updated: 11.5.09 to incorporate more CC and CCLearn stuff (including CC0) and added link to discovered.creativecommons.org.

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Page 1: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

Open Educational Resources (OER) &

OpenCourseware (OCW)

Anne Arendt

Page 2: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

Public Domain

Public domain items are available for anyone to use for any purpose. Property rights are held by the public at largeNot controlled or owned by anyone

Page 3: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

OERThe open educational resources movement consists of freely accessible electronic access to course materials, but it also involves other aspects such as open access to books and library materials, and access to modules of educational information instead of complete courses. It may also include educational communication tools or implementation resources as well (International Institute, 2005).

Page 4: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

OEREssentially, it is teaching, learning, and research resources, content or otherwise, which reside in the public domain or have been released under an intellectual-property license that permits their free use or repurposing by others. This may include learning content, tools such as software, or implementation resources such as methods or principles (Smith & Casserly, 2006; Stover, 2005; Trenin, 2007).

Page 5: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

OERLets look a moment at: Open eLearning Content Observatory Services at http://www.olcos.org/

Their intention, overall, is to foster learning and the acquisition of competencies in both teachers and learners (Open eLearning, 2007).

Page 6: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

OERGood places to start:•http://discovered.creativecommons.org/search/

•http://www.ocwfinder.com/•http://www.oerrecommender.org/

Page 7: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

Learning ObjectsLearning objects are small, reusable pieces of instructional material

•Academic Earth: http://academicearth.org/ •Connexions: http://cnx.org/ •Merlot: http://www.merlot.org/

Page 8: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

OpenCourseWare The OpenCourseWare (OCW) aspect of the open learning initiative was dedicated to the development of freely available, stand-alone college-level online course and teaching materials

Page 9: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

MIT OCWMIT has perhaps the most well known OCW project known to date at http://ocw.mit.edu/

The MIT OCW initiative has made content from all of their approximately 1800 courses available on the Internet at no cost for non-commercial purposes (Matkin, 2005; Carson, 2006)

Page 10: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

MIT OCWMIT’s OCW is visited over 1.2 million times per month from individuals around the globe with the help of nearly 80 mirror sites on university campuses around the world including 54 in Africa and 10 in East Asia.

Page 11: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

MIT OCWOf the visitors of the MIT OCW, 49% are self-directed learners, 32% are students, and 16% are educators from around the world, with 61% of OCW use originating from outside the United States (Carson, 2006).

Page 12: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

MIT OCWSelf-directed learner uses include:

(a) enhancing personal knowledge (56%), (b) keeping current in the field (16%), and (c) planning future study (14%).

Page 13: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

MIT OCW Student uses include: (a) complementing a course (38%), (b) enhancing personal knowledge (34%), and (c) planning course of study (16%).

Page 14: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

MIT OCW Educator uses include: (a) planning a course (26%), (b) preparing to teach a class (22%), and (c) enhancing personal knowledge (19%) (Carson, 2006).

Page 15: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

OCW ConsortiumAn OCW consortium is found at http://www.ocwconsortium.org/

•MIT OCW: http://ocw.mit.edu/ •Yale OCW: http://oyc.yale.edu/ •Berkeley: http://webcast.berkeley.edu/ •OCW at UVU: https://open.uvu.edu

Page 16: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

Reference Materials & Resource Repositories

•European Digital Library Project: http://www.edlproject.eu/ •Google Books Library Project: http://books.google.com/googlebooks/library.html •BCR Collaborative Digitization Program: http://www.bcr.org/cdp/ •Wikipedia: http://www.wikipedia.org/ •OER Commons: http://www.oercommons.org •Library of Congress: http://www.loc.gov/•NASA: http://www.nasa.gov/

Page 17: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

Social Software •YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/edu/

•Ning: http://www.ning.com

•Lymabean: http://www.lymabean.com

Page 18: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

Open Access Journals & Publications

Directory of Open Access Journals: http://www.doaj.org/

Page 19: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

Document SharingDecision was recently made (July 31, 2009) to subscribe to SelectedWorks and create a branded institutional repository at UVU. Catherine McIntyre can be contacted for more information.

Page 20: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

Document Sharing•Mendeley: http://www.mendeley.com/ •DSpace: http://dspace.mit.edu•SelectedWorks: http://works.bepress.com/ •280 Slides: http://280slides.com •Google Docs: http://docs.google.com

Page 21: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

Creative Commons & CC LearnCreative Commons which frees materials from automatically applied copyright restrictions by providing free, easy-to-use, flexible licenses for creators to place on their digital materials that permit the originator to grant rights as they see fit http://creativecommons.org ccLearn focuses specifically on open learning and open educational resources http://learn.creativecommons.org

Page 22: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

Creative CommonsLarry Lessig of Stanford is pursuing something called the Creative Commons which frees materials from automatically applied copyright restrictions by providing free, easy-to-use, flexible licenses for creators to place on their digital materials that permit the originator to grant rights as they see fit (Fitzergerald, 2007; Smith & Casserly, 2006)

Page 23: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

Creative Commons

A summary video can be found at http://creativecommons.org/about/ that explains CC well. Other videos, equally good in explain CC, can be found at http://creativecommons.org/videos/

Page 24: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

Creative CommonsSix major licenses of the Creative Commons:Attribution (CC-BY)Attribution Share Alike (CC-BY-SA)Attribution No Derivatives (CC-BY-ND)Attribution Non-Commercial (CC-BY-NC)Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike (CC-BY-NC-SA)Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)See http://creativecommons.org/about/licenses/

Page 25: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

Creative CommonsThere is one last one – CC0 No rights reservedIn contrast to CC’s licenses that allow copyright holders to choose from a range of permissions while retaining their copyright, CC0 empowers yet another choice altogether – the choice to opt out of copyright and the exclusive rights it automatically grants to creators – the “no rights reserved” alternative to our licenses.http://creativecommons.org/about/cc0

Page 26: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

Creative Commons

Individuals place Creative Commons licenses on individual items. Thus, there is no fool-proof way to search all items with some type of CC release on them. Resources to gets you started:http://search.creativecommons.org/http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Content_Curators

Page 27: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

Creative CommonsEqually, there are a number of area-specific methods of searching for creative commons released items. Imageshttp://images.google.com/advanced_image_search?hl=en (usage rights section)http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

•http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pictures_and_images

http://www.flickr.com/creativecommons/

Page 28: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

Creative CommonsVideohttp://www.archive.org/details/opensource_movies Music & Audiohttp://www.archive.org/details/opensource_audiohttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Music_sound http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:SoundOtherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_projects_using_Creative_Commons_licenses

Page 29: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

CcLearn•A development stemming from Creative Commons is ccLearn (July 2007) focused specifically on open learning and open educational resources. It emphasizes diminishing legal, technical, & social barriers. •A primary goal of ccLearn is to build a comprehensive directory of open educational resources with the assistance of Google with encourages their discovery and subsequent use (Atkins et al., 2007; Bissell, 2007; Brantley, 2007).•Learn more about ccLearn and the Open Education Community at http://learn.creativecommons.org/

Page 30: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

ccLearn

A good place to find educational resources that are creative commons released, visit one of the below resources:http://discovered.creativecommons.org/search/ http://www.ocwfinder.com/http://www.oerrecommender.org/

Page 31: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

Social BookmarkingShare links: * Del.icio.us: http://delicious.com/ * Trailfire:

http://www.trailfire.com/annearendt/trailview/82532

Ranked news: http://digg.com/ Share scholarly resources:

http://www.citeulike.org/

Page 32: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

In Summary“Among many other forms, one form of rampant lawlessness on the Internet consists of copyright infringement, that is, the unauthorized copying and distribution of material created and owned by others. Given the scope of the problem, a number of movements to mitigate copyright infringement on the Internet have begun. One such movement involves the use of digital tools and legal action to prohibit copyright infringement. Another movement, copyleft, seeks to build a richer public domain and change the assignment of rights from the automatic "all rights reserved" to a more egalitarian version dubbed "some rights reserved." At the forefront of this second movement is Creative Commons, a web-based intellectual property sharing schema developed by a consortium headed by Professor Lawrence Lessig of Stanford Law School” (Broussard, 2009)http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_7081/is_3_26/ai_n28457434/?tag=content;col1

Page 33: Open Educational Resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW)

ClosingAs Smith & Casserly note, “we are aware that all creators of knowledge need a place to put their materials and that flow of knowledge should be multidirectional and adaptable to the local learning environment” (2006).