Concepts without percepts are empty; percepts without concepts are blind

BC

A

A

C

B

Initial state Goal

BC

A

A

C

B

Initial state Goal

Conceptualization 2

Objects Relations

block A On(X, Y)

block B Clear(X)

block C OnTable(X)

Holding(X)

HandEmpty()

Conceptualization 1

Objects Relations

block A On(X, Y)

block B Clear(X)

block C Holding(X)

table A HandEmpty()

hand A

Axiom ： above(X,Z):-on(X,Y), on(Y,Z).

Think

Relation

HandEmpty Unary

Clear

Holding

Binary

On

Above

Entity

Table

A

Block

A B

C

Hand

A

Think

Relation

HandEmpty Unary

Clear

Holding

OnTable

Binary

On

Entity

Block

A B

C

IS-A

7th Structural and Semantic Transformation of Schemas

6th Standardization (of Terminology or of Tasks)

4th Answer Competence Questions

Backbone Information for Using a Knowledgebase

3rd

Conceptual Schema of a Relational Database

2nd

Common Vocabulary for Communication 1st

Knowledge Reorganization 8th

Methodology Type of development

Collaborative construction

Reusability support

Degree of application dependency

Life cycle recommendation

Strategies for identifying concepts

Methodology details

Interoperability support

Ushold and King’s Stage based No Yes Independent No Middle out

strategy Some details No

TOVE Stage based No Yes Semi independent No Middle out

strategy Some details No

METHONTOLOGY Evolving prototype No Yes Independent Yes Middle out

strategySufficient details No

On-To-Knowledge

Evolving prototype No No Dependent Yes Middle out

strategy Some details No

UPON Evolving prototype No Yes Independent Yes Middle out

strategy Some details No

Ethics

Politics

Art

Zoology

Physics

Logic

Metaphysic

s

Matter

Quality

Quantity

Relation

Location

Time

Ontology languages in the Semantic Web Architecture

OBOLOpen Bio-Ontology Language

15

Perdurantism

الگوهاي طراحي فيلسوفانه

Endurantism