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Uno

Ichi

Washid

Types of Reactions

SYNTHESIS REACTION PATTERN:

A + B → AB EXAMPLE:

2Mg(s) + O2 (g) → 2MgO (s) DECOMPOSITION REACTION

PATTERN: AB → A + B

EXAMPLE:

2H2O(g) → 2H2(g) + O2(g)

SINGLE REPLACEMENT REACTION

PATTERN:

A + BC → AC + B EXAMPLE:

2Al(s) + 3CuCl2(aq) → 2AlCl3(aq) + 3Cu(s)

DOUBLE REPLACEMENT REACTION

PATTERN:

AB + CD → AD + CB

EXAMPLE:

BaCl2(aq)+ Na2SO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) +2NaCl (aq)

Acid – Base Reaction

HX + MOH MX + H2O

acid base salt water

Example:

H2SO4(aq) + NaOH(aq) Na2SO4(aq) + H2O(l)

COMBUSTION REACTION

Pattern:

CXHYOZ + O2 → CO2 + H2O

Example:

2C2H3OH(l) + 5O2(g) → 4CO2(g) + 4H2O(l)

C3H8(g)) + 5O2(g) → 3CO2(g) + 4H2O(g)

Na(s) + Cl2 → NaCl(s)

Synthesis

ZnNO3(aq) + Mg(s) → Zn(s) + MgNO3(aq)

Single Replacement

CH4(g) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + H2O(l)

Combustion

NaCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq) → NaNO3(aq) + AgCl(s)

Double Replacement

Driving Forces

• Predict whether a reaction will work– chemical changes that tend to make reactions go in the direction of the arrow

Types of Driving forces:

• 1. Formation of a precipitate (solid) (see solubility rules)

• Example:• AgNO3(aq) + KCl(aq) AgCl(s)+KNO3(aq)• 2. Formation of water• Example:• HCl(aq)+NaOH(aq) H2O(l)+NaCl(aq)

• 3. Formation of a gas:• Example:• 2HgO(s)2Hg(l)+O2(g)• 4. Transfer of Electrons – which is called

Oxidation-Reduction or Redox• Example:• 2H2(g)+O2(g)2H2O(g)

C6H12 + O2 CO2 + H2O

Combustion

Al + Fe2O3 Fe + Al2O3

Single Replacement

Cu(NO3)2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq) Cu3(PO4)2(s) + NaNO3(aq)

Double Replacement

2Na(s) + Cl2(g) 2NaCl(s)

Synthesis

H3PO4(aq) + KOH(aq) K3PO4(aq) + H2O(l)

Acid - Base