on the move what is driving changing patterns of...
TRANSCRIPT
ONTHEMOVEWhatisdrivingchangingpatternsofdemand?
AttitudinalresearchcommissionedbytheIndependentTransportCommissionandsupportedbyORR,DfTandReesJeffreys
KristineBeuretOBEFCILTFIHTTPP
SocialResearchAssociatesSeptember2015
www.sraltd.co.uk
Thebackgroundtotheresearch
AnalysisofNationalTravelSurveybyUCL(1997and2007compared)http://www.theitc.org.uk/docs/47.pdf• Declineincompanycaruse• Declineindrivingbyyoungmen• Increaseinrailusebyallgroups• DeclineindrivinginLondon• Notmuchknownaboutolderpeople,BAMEgroupsand
immigrants
Thenextstage“TheWhyoftheWhat”http://www.theitc.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/ITC-ORR-Road-Rail-Attitudinal-Report-Final.pdf
2
www.sraltd.co.uk
TheAttitudinalResearchSummarised
Techniques
• 15Neighbourhoodgroups• 25FocusGroups• Facetofaceinterviews
• FaceBookSurvey• 2electronicnationalsurveys• AnalysisbycrosstabulationParticipants(totalc5,000)• 532youngpeopleunder30
• 870peopleaged30-42
• 924olderpeople(55+)• 625migrants(<10years)• 751BAME
• 732commuters/business• Agoodspreadofsegandregion
3
www.sraltd.co.uk
Thediscussionandinterviewschedules
• Historyandconceptof‘travel’–triprates,time,mode
• Reasonsforandeffectsofdrivingornotdriving
• Prioritisingthesereasons• Attitudestopublic
transport–rail,bus,cycling,walking
• Viewsabouttravelinthefuture
• Crosstabulation• “Tipping”factors
4
www.sraltd.co.uk
Youngpeople• CostfactorsparamountButnotthewholestory• Failingthetheorytest• Availabilityofparking• Urbanlivingandstatus• Theexperienceandknowledge
ofpublictransportincludingaccesstotheinternet
• Alternativestocarownership–technologyandthesharingeconomy
• Genderdifferences–cyclingandsecurity
• Thetransitionfrom20sto30s
5
www.sraltd.co.uk
Olderpeople• Residential location crucial – car
ownership and licence holding • Availability of bus and rail
connections and concessions key determinants of travel choices
• Increasingly making life style changes to maximise transport choice
• Role of car ownership for retired men
• Expect to travel more especially for leisure in the future
• Drivers more likely to consider cycling than non drivers
6
www.sraltd.co.uk
GeneralBusinessTravel• Increasedinterestinuseoftechnologyforworkduringtravel
inbothtrainsandcars–newproductsandservices• Homeworkingorflexibleworkingdoesn’tseemtoimpacton
carownershipdecision• Leasingpopular–don’texpecttopayfullcostofcar• Interestincarclubsincludingassubstitutefor‘second’car• Easeofbookingtaxicrucialadjuncttorailtravel• RoleofcompanytravelpolicyoftenledbyadminratherthanstrategyalthoughevidenceofdeclineintheautomaticrighttoFirstClasstravel–someresentmentaboutthewholeconceptofrailclasses
7
www.sraltd.co.uk
BusinessTravellers-London • LocationespeciallyLondonvrestofUKisacrucial
influencer–acombinationofcommutingdistance,choiceandaccessibility
• BusinesstravellersinLondonmakemoretripsthanbusinesstravellersoutsideLondonbothingeneralandformostpurposes
• Butlessbycar(37%:49%)andmorebyrail,taxi,bus,cycle
• London-basedbusinesstravellersaremorelikelytothinktheywilltravelmoreforallpurposesinthefuture
8
www.sraltd.co.uk
Migrants
• Migrantsmakemoretripsespeciallyinurbanareas.Howevertravellessbycarandwalkmorethannonmigrantgroups
• Rangeofdestinationsnarrower–emphasisonlocalleisureandshopping
• Travelbudgetsweightedtowardsvisitstocountryoforigin
• Carlessofaprioritythanhousingandworklongerhours
• Morecarsharingoutsidethefamilyespeciallyvansandworkbasedtravel
• Confusionaboutdrivinglicencerules–some(probably)illegalinterpretationandsomefraud
• Highexpectationstotravelmoreinthefuture
9
www.sraltd.co.uk
Black,AsianandMinorityEthnicGroups• Differentpatternsoftravelbetweengroups-cultureand
religionoverlayssocioeconomicgroup
• Modeoftraveltowork:carasdriver
10
www.sraltd.co.uk
Black,AsianandMinorityEthnicGroups
Asagroup
• Lowerratesoflicenceholdingandhouseholdcarownership
• Cycleandusetrainless
• Morelikelytoshoplocallyandwalkforthispurpose
• Butonceacquireacar
drivemorethannon
BAMEcarowners
11
www.sraltd.co.uk
Conclusions• Allgroupshaveaspirationstotravelmoreincludingolderpeople.• Theimpactoflivinginurbanareasonincreasingtheamountoftravel
seemscounterintuitive.Clearlycommutingisafactorbutthereisalsomorechoiceoftravelmodesandmoretodoinurbanareas?
• Demographictrendsarekeyinfluencers:region,landuse,income,populationgrowth.Butotherfactorsimpactontravelpatternssuchasethnicity,migration,selfemploymentandworkingfromhome.
• Majorlifechangeiscrucial(moving,marriage,childbirth,jobchange,divorce,health,retirement)
• Attitudestowardstransporthavechanged–notjustforyoungpeople–thecarisnolongerthedefaultmethodforalltrips–weareenteringaworldofmultimodalchoiceandknowledge–theon-demandandsharingeconomy.
• Thusmoreopportunitiesforpolicyinterventionandindeedevidencethatpastpolicyinitiativeshavecontributedtothesechangingattitudes.
SeenewFordFocusadhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YRYLSnDWaM8&feature=share
12
www.sraltd.co.uk
Thoughtsspecifictorail
• Mentalmaps–timeversushttps://mapumental.com/about
• Internetavailability• Designandpermeability• Taxis• Roundtrips• Farestructures-singlereturn• Childtravel• Passengerinvolvement
13