on the history of internet, its future and challenges
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ISOC India Chennai Talk at MSRIT on One Web Day 2008, Sep 22.TRANSCRIPT
On the History of Internet, its Future and Challenges
Sivasubramanian MuthusamyPresidentISOC India Chennai
At MSRIT, Bangalore on One Web Day 2008
About One Web Day
One Web Day is Earth Day for the internet.
Learn about Internet, Educate Others.
Work on issues important for the Internet’s future.
The Birth of the Internet
Advance Research Projects Agency ( ARPA ) established in 1958. Satellites launched after a year.
A project to interconnect Defense Computers in 1962 (ITPO)
This became the ARPANET in 1969.
The first connection
Four computers, at UCLA, UCSB, Stanford and UTAH were connected on Oct 29, 1969 by the pioneers including Vint Cerf, the Father of Internet.
The first message was Log, L was sent, o was sent and when g was typed the computers crashed.
That was the birth of the ARPANET which became the NSFNET which became the Internet.
The first connection
The first connection
Vint Cerf, the Father of Internet
Internet Pioneers
John Postel
Internet Pioneers
Steve Crocker
Internet Pioneers
Equally important names associated with ARPANET:
•J.C.R. Licklider•Larry Roberts•Robert Kahn•Will Crowther and Dave Walden•Mike Wingfield•Paul Baran
Internet Pioneers
Internet Growth
Four computers in 1969 became 210 computers in 1981, 130,000 computers in 1989.
The Internet was mainly in the realm of Government and Universities.
The applications were BBS, Gopher, Archie, Line Browsers… until the invention of hypertext and the World Wide Web in 1990 by Tim Berners-Lee
Tim Berners-Lee
Hypertext and the WWW
From 1973 the Internet has extended beyond the USA. Tim Berners-Lee and team worked on the hypertext project to create the World Wide Web in 1990. This made it possible to link to text documents, images and other files and the World Wide Web, usable by users everywhere was born.
Internet Today
800 million computers worldwide
An estimated 1.46 billion users.
Internet Tomorrow
Target: Next 3 billion users. Internet accessed not by Desktop and Laptop computers, more by phone and Mobile Internet Devices.
Internet Tomorrow
Today: 256 KBPS / 512 KBPS
Tomorrow:
1 MBPS ? 8 MPBS ?
Internet Tomorrow
Or 1 GBPS ? 10 GBPS ?
Download a HD quality movie in 3 seconds ?
Internet Tomorrow
In experiments related to the CERN’s LHC data transfer speeds in excess of 2.8 Giga bps have been achieved
What is special about the Internet?
• Evolved by Participation for participation
• Standards by Community Model
• has its own conventions, culture and ethos, unwritten rules - all without a hierarchy of authority, with an inherent order.
What is special about the Internet?
• Accessible worldwide. Transcends the boundaries of nations
• neutral of technology, nationhood, language, religion or race.
• open medium for freedom of speech
What is special about the Internet?
• brings together people from around the world and has been considerably free of politics.
• Internet is a space without privilege or prejudice accorded by race, economic power, military force, or station of birth
• legal concepts of property, expression, identity, movement, and context on the Internet are different
Who owns the Internet?
• The Telephone / cable companies?• The Internet Hardware companies?• The computer companies?• The Governments?
Or
Is that you ?
Who controls the Internet?
• Business?• Government?• Any International Organization (s) ?
Should Internet be controlled ? Governed ?
The Internet Governance Forum
World Summit on the Information Society WSIS met at Geneva and Tunis in 2003
Decided that all stakeholders should join together to discuss about Internet Governance
The Internet Governance Forum was established to meet every year for 5 years
The Internet Governance Forum
First IGF was held in Athens, Greece in 2006
The second one was held at Rio de Jeneiro, Brazil.
The third IGF at Hyderabad, India, December, 2008
The Internet Governance Forum
IGF Stakeholders
Business
Government
Civil Society
What do you want the Internet to be?
Free ?
An Internet of Rules and Regulations?
Censorship?
Who decides?
What do you want do?
Do you think you should take responsibility and help the world decide ?
P A R T I C I P A T E.
How to participate?
The Internet Society
Founded in 1992 by Internet pioneers International non-profit organization 90+ organization members 28,000+ individual members 90+ chapters worldwide
About ISOC
The Internet Society
•ISOC works for the open development and evolution of the Internet •Works for Internet for all people. •Works across the areas of technical standards, education and capacity-building as well as public policy.
http://www.isoc.org
India Chennai Chapter
ISOC India Chennai Chapter
•90+ members from four states of India.
•Membership open to students.
Join ISOC India Chennai
http://www.isocindiachennai.inhttp://isocmadras.blogspot.com http://www.isoc.org
