ome201101 gsm bts312 hardware structure issue4.0
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Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
GSM BTS312 Hardware Structure
Page2Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
ObjectivesUpon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Know the functions and features of BTS Master the BTS hardware structure Master the signal processing of BTS
Page3Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
References BTS312 User Manual BTS3.0 User Manual
Page4Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contents Overview System Components Signal Processing Antenna and Feeder System
Page5Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Location
MS: Mobile Station BTS: Base Transceiver Station
OMC: Operation and Maintenance Center
HLR: Home Location Register EIR: Equipment Identity Register
MSC: Mobile Switching Center VLR: Visitor Location Register SMC: Short Message Center
VM: Voice Mailbox
BSC: Base Station Controller
AUC: Authentication Center
PSTNISDN
PSPDN
Um Interface
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
OMC
HLR/AUC/EIR
BSC
MSC/VLR
SMC/VM
A Interface
MAPMAP
TUP,ISUPMS
MS
MS
Page6Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Features and Functions High integration and low power consumption 15 radio carriers at the Abis sharing an E1 for transmissio
n (15:1) Support various transmission modes and complex topolo
gies, e.g. SDH, E1, microwave, satellite etc. 1-minute fast startup
Page7Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Features and Functions Support GSM900,DCS1800,EGSM and RGSM Support GSM PHASE 1 、 PHASE 2 and PHASE 2+ Support GPRS and EDGE Support baseband hopping and RF hopping Support FR, HR, EFR and AMR Support A5/1 and A5/2 encryption/decryption
Page8Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Hardware StructureDATA_BUS/CONTROL_BUS/TIMING_BUS
External control
External alarm
E1TMU
Opt. fiberxDSL TEU
PMUFH_BUS
CDU
PSU
TRX
TRX
TRX
Signal Processing UnitCommon Unit
CDU
CDU
antenna
antenna
antenna
Antenna Feeder Unit
TES
Page9Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Cabinet and BoardsCDU: Combiner & Divider Unit TRX: TransceiverPMU: Power Monitoring Unit TMU: Timing/Transmission &
Management Unit PSU: Power Supply UnitTDU: Time Distribution Unit TES: Transmission Extension Power
Supply UnitTEU: Transmission Extension Unit
FAN BOX
SWITCH BOX
FAN BOX
AIR BOX
AIR BOX
P
S
U
P
S
U
P
S
U
P
S
U
P
S
U
P
S
U
P
M
U
T
M
U
T
E
S
T
E
U
T
M
U
T
E
U
T
R
X
T
R
X
T
R
X
T
R
X
C
D
U
C
D
U
T
R
X
T
R
X
T
R
X
T
R
X
C
D
U
C
D
U
T
R
X
T
R
X
T
R
X
T
R
X
C
D
U
C
D
U
TDU
Page10Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contents Overview System Components Signal Processing Antenna and Feeder System
Page11Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contents2 System Componnents
2.1 Common Unit2.2 Signal Processing Unit
Page12Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
TMU Functions of TMU
Provide E1 connection interface Provide channel multiplexing and flexible networking
modes Provide Man-machine interface (MMI) and operation &
maintenance link Provide centralized BTS clock Provide alarm signal input ports
Page13Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Structure of TMU
BSC
External synchronous clock
MMI (man-machine Interface)
Environmentmonitors
BIU
OMU
MCK Standby MCK
Extended BIUDBUS
CBUS
TDU TBUS
Standby TMU
EAC
Page14Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Indictors on TMUIndicator
Name Color Meaning Explanation Normal State
PWR Green Power On: NormalOff: Abnormal On
RUN Green Running State
Flash(0.5Hz): NormalOn or Off: Abnormal Flash
LI1,2,3,4 GreenE1 Transmission
On: Local AlarmFlash: Remote AlarmOff: Normal
Off
M/S Green Master/Slave indication
Slow flash(1HZ): MasterQuick flash(2Hz): Slave
Master Board: Slow flashSlave Board: Quick flash
PLL GreenPhase identification indicator
On: Free oscillationQuick flash(4Hz): CatchingSlow flash(1Hz): LockedOff: Abnormal
Slow flashTMU
MMI
T13M
FCK
T2M
DBG
RST
PWR
M/S
RUN
LI1LI2
LI3
LI4
PLL
Page15Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
TDU Functions of TDU
Provide clock channels in one synchronous cell Provide alarming channels Provide bus-control interfaces
Page16Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Position of TDU
Page17Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Cabinet-top Connectors
(1) Data bus interface (DCF1)
(2) External alarm interface (EAC1 and EAC2)
(3) 120Ω E1 interface (TME1)
(4) Built-in optical transmission E1 interface (TRA1, TRA2, TRB1, and TRB2)
(5) Storage battery management signal cable interface (PWRC)
(6) Clock interface (CKB1 and CKB2)
(7) Data bus interface (DCF2)
(8) 75Ω E1 interface (TX and RX)
(9) External synchronous clock interface (SYNC)
(10) Grounding cable interface for combined cabinet (SHELLGND)
(11) External power cable interface
(12) Feeder input interface (ANT)
(13) Cascading interface of CDU combined cabinet (CDU)
Page18Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
When the supply input is 220VAC,the AC/DC module is used.
When the supply input is +24VDC,neither
DC/DC nor AC/DC module is used.
When the supply input is -48VDC,the DC/DC module is used.
220VAC
-48VDC
+24VDC
Power Supply
Page19Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Power Supply System
AC/DC(DC/DC)module
Monitoring unit PMU
Anti-lightningPower
distribution
EMIfilter
DC contacter
Battery group Fuse
220VAC IN
-48VDC IN+-
+24VDC IN+-
26VDC OUT
Load
…
EMIfilter
AC/DC(DC/DC)module
AC/DC(DC/DC)module
AC/DC(DC/DC)module
EMIfilter
Page20Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
PSU Configurationmode Capacity
(TRX)Boards (PSU)
Boards (PMU) notes
24VDC 1 ~ 12 0 1-48VDC 1 ~ 3 2 1
One PSU for
backup
4 ~ 6 3 17 ~ 9 4 1
10 ~ 12 5 1220VAC 1 ~ 3 3 1
4 ~ 6 4 17 ~ 9 5 1
10 ~ 12 6 1
Page21Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
PMU structurePMU structure
PMU
AC/DC AC/DC AC/DC
AC power supply
Power monitoring unit PMU
FanFuse
Battery
Load
AC/DC
Page22Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
FMU Functions of FMU
Fan feeding Fan revolution speed control Alarm detection +24V power supply input interface
Page23Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contents2 System Componnents
2.1 Common Unit2.2 Signal Processing Unit
Page24Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
TRX Functions of TRX
Baseband speech processing Um and Abis interface signaling processing Modulation and demodulation RF signal amplification
Page25Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
PAU
TRX Module Structure
Transmitter
DBUS
TBUS
SCP CUI
Clock processing part
TBPU
DSP
FH_BUS
TDP
RCU
RPU
ReceiverDiversity receiver
CBUS
TBPU:TRX Baseband signal Processing Unit
RPU:RF signal Processing UnitSCP: Signaling Processing Unit DSP: Digital Signal Processing
Unit CUI: Carrier Unit Interface
TDP: Transmitter Driver and PLL Unit
PAU: Power Amplifier Unit RCU: Receiving Unit DBUS: Data Bus
CBUS: Control Bus TBUS: Timing Bus
FH_BUS: Frequency Hopping Bus
Page26Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Output Power of TRX Normal: 40W(46dBm) or 60W(48dBm) PBU: 80W(49dBm) EDGE TRX: GMSK: 40W, 8PSK: 60W
Page27Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Alarms of TRX Over standing wave alarm
When the standing wave ratio at the power amplifier output port exceeds 1.5, it reports standing wave alarm to the baseband unit
Over-temperature alarm When the temperature of the power amplifier exceeds
85℃, the power amplifier unit reports the over-temperature alarm via the baseband unit, and automatically turns off the power amplifier
Page28Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Indicators on TRXIndicator
Name Color Meaning Explanation
Normal State
PWR Green PowerOn: NormalOff: Abnormal
On
RCP GreenSCP Running State
Flash(0.5Hz): NormalOn or Off: Abnormal
Flash
RDP GreenDSP Running State
Flash(0.5Hz): NormalOn or Off: Abnormal
Flash
FAIL Red Alarm Indicator
On: AlarmOff: No alarm
Off
TX OUT
PWR
RCP
RDP
FAIL
RST
MMI
RXA IN
RXB IN
TRX
Page29Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
CDU Functions of CDU
Combine and filter transmitted signals Filter ,amplify and distribute received signals Provide power for the tower-top amplifier Alarm detection
Page30Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
CDU Structure
Combiner
Divider
Divider
DuplexerTX1TX2
TX-COMBTX-DUP
RX1RX2RX3RX4
HL-out
RX6RX7RX8
RX5
HL-inRXD-ANT
TX/RX-ANT
RXD-out
LNA
LNA Filter
Page31Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Indicators on CDUIndicator
Name Color Meaning Explanation Normal State
POWER Green Power On: NormalOff: Abnormal On
VSWR1 YellowStanding wave ratio alarm
On: VSWR is greater than 1.5 and less than 2.5Off: Normal
Off
VSWR2 RedStanding wave ratio alarm
On: VSWR is greater than 2.5Off: Normal
Off
TTA RedTTA current indication
On: TTA current out of rangeOff: Normal
Off
LNA RedLNA current indication
On: LNA current out of rangeOff: Normal
Off
Page32Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Rear Panel of CDU
MAIN: TTA power feeding selection knob of main receiving channelDIVERSE: TTA power feeding selection knob of diversity receiving channelFUSE :1.5A
Setting
MAINDIVERS
EUnit
0 off off
1 100 65 mA2 107 100 mA3 205 205 mA
Correspondence between knob setting and current strength of TTA
Note: MAIN is recommended to be set at 1(100mA),and DIVERSE to be set at 2(100mA).Other modes of setting are not recommended
Page33Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Alarm Detection VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) monitoring: CDU Monitors
the status of antenna system. When the detected standing wave ratio exceeds the preset threshold (1.5 or 2.5), CDU will generate corresponding alarms
Low noise amplifier fault alarm: The signal is extracted from the power supply current of the low noise amplifier. When the current exceeds a certain level ,alarm signals are generated
Tower-top amplifier alarm: When there is a tower-top amplifier on service, the CDU monitors the status of tower-top amplifier by its working current. If the current exceeds a certain level , alarm signals are generated
Page34Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
EDU EDU indicators are the same as those of CDU
Divider
DuplexerTX1
RX1RX2
TX/RX-ANT1
Divider
DuplexerTX2
RX3RX4
TX/RX-ANT2
LNA
LNA
Page35Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
SCU Four carriers are combined and output through 3dB
bridges and the insertion loss is 6.8dB
Tx_Comb
TX4
TX3
TX2
TX1
3dB
Bridge
3dBBridge
3dBBridge
Page36Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contents Overview System Components Signal Processing Antenna and Feeder System
Page37Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Speech Processing BSC-(TDU)-TMU-DBUS-TRX-CDU-ANT-MS
DBUS
SCP
CUI
Clock process
TBPU
DSP
FH_BUS
TDP PAU
RCU
RPU
BSC BIU
OMU
EAC MCK TDU
CBUS
TBUS
CDU
Page38Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
OML Processing BSC-(TDU)-TMU-CBUS-TRX (or PMU,CDU)
DBUS
SCP
CUI
Clock process
TBPU
DSP
FH_BUS
TDP PAU
RCU
RPU
BSC BIU
OMU
EAC MCK TDU
CBUS
TBUS
CDU
Page39Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
RSL Processing BSC-(TDU)-TMU-DBUS-TRX
DBUS
SCP
CUI
Clock process
TBPU
DSP
FH_BUS
TDP PAU
RCU
RPU
BSC BIU
OMU
EAC MCK TDU
CBUS
TBUS
CDU
Page40Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Clock Processing BSC (or External Clock) –(TDU)-TMU-TDU-TBUS-TRX
DBUS
SCP
CUI
Clock process
TBPU
DSP
FH_BUS
TDP PAU
RCU
RPU
BSC BIU
OMU
EAC MCK TDU
CBUS
TBUS
External synchronous clock
Page41Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
P S U
UDC
UDC
UDC
UDC
UDC
UDC
UMP
UMT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
P S U
UDC
UDC
UDC
UDC
UDC
UDC
UMP
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
P S U
UDC
UDC
UDC
UDC
UDC
UDC
UMP
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
P S U
UDC
UDC
UDC
UDC
UDC
UDC
UMP
UMT
UMT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
XRT
¸ ±» ú¹ ñ Ö ÷» ú¹ ñ Ö ÷» ú¹ ñ ¸ ±» ú¹ ñ
Ö ÷¹ ñ× é ¸ ±¹ ñ× éExtension cabinet Extension cabinet
Extension cabinet groupBasic cabinet Basic cabinet
Basic cabinet group
TBUS Connection Clock bus connection in a synchronous cell
Page42Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Cabinet Extension Cabling Blue colored sockets installed with matching connectors are
for resistance termination There are E1 cables between basic cabinet group and
extension cabinet group
CKB1 CKB2DCF1 DCF2
CKB1 CKB2DCF1 DCF2
CKB1 CKB2DCF1 DCF2
CKB1 CKB2DCF1 DCF2
Extension Cabinet Basic Cabinet Basic Cabinet Extension Cabinet
Basic Cabinet Group Extension Cabinet Group
E1
External E1 Interface External E1 Interface
Page43Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contents Overview System Components Signal Processing Antenna and Feeder System
Page44Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Antenna and Feeder SystemAntenna
TTA
Antenna stand
Jumper between antenna and TTA
Jumper between TTA and feeder
Feeder
Lightening arrester
Jumper between lightening arrester and cabinet
BTS312 cabinet
SWITCH BOXFAN BOX
AIR BOX
PS
U
PS
U
PS
U
PS
U
PS
U
PS
U
PM
U
T
M
U
T
E
S
T
E
U
T
E
U
CDU
CDU
TRX
TRX
TRX
TRX
CDU
CDU
TRX
TRX
TRX
TRX
CDU
CDU
TDU
FAN BOX
AIR BOX
PS
U
PS
U
PS
U
PS
U
PS
U
PS
U
PM
U
TR
X
TRX
TRX
TRX
Page45Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
S1/1/1
TX OUT
RXA
RXB
DUP
1:4
1:4
TX/RX ANT
TX
RX
HL OUT
HL IN
COMB
TX COMB
TX DUP
RXD OUT
RXD ANT
(RXB)
(TX/RXA)
Page46Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
S2/2/2
TX OUT
RXA
RXB
DUP
1:4
1:4
TX/RX ANT
TX OUT
RXA
RXB
TX
RX
HL OUT
HL IN
COMB
TX COMB
TX DUP
RXD OUT
RXD ANT
(RXB)
(TX/RXA)
Page47Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
S4/4/4 2CDUTx/RxM_ANT1 RxD
CDU_1Duplexer
Combiner Distributor Distributor
Tx/RxM_ANT2 RxD
CDU_2Duplexer
Combiner Distributor Distributor
Tx TRx0RxMRxD
Tx TRx1RxMRxD
Tx TRx2 RxMRxD
Tx TRx2RxMRxD
Page48Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
S4/4/4 SCU+CDUTX OUT
RXARXB
TX OUT
RXARXB
TX
COMB
TX COMB
TX OUT
RXARXB
DUP
1:4
1:4
TX/RX ANT
TX OUT
RXARXB
TX
RX
HL OUT
HL IN
COMBTX COMBTX DUP
RXD OUT
SCU
RXD ANT
(TX/RXB)
(RXA)
CDU
Page49Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
2CDU+SCUTx/RxM_ANT1 RxD
CDU_1Duplexer
Combiner Distributor Distributor
Tx/RxM_ANT2 RxD
CDU_2Duplexer
Combiner Distributor Distributor
TxTRx3RxMRxD
Distributor
Distributor Distributor
TxTRx4RxMRxD
TxTRx5RxMRxD
Tx TRx0 RxMRxD
Tx TRx1 RxMRxD
Tx TRx2 RxMRxD
SCU
Page50Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Lightning Arrester is used to prevent the equipment from being damaged by the lightening current inducted by the core line of the feeder
Feeder
Jumper
Lightning Arrester
Lightning Arrester
Page51Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Types of Main Feeder 7/8 inch
Cable loss=0.043dB/m 5/4 inch
Cable loss=0.032dB/m 1/2 inch jumper
Cable loss=0.11dB/m Used between the antenna and the main feeder Between the antenna and the tower-top amplifier Between the cabinet and the lightning arrester
Page52Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
TTA (Optional) The tower-top amplifier is installed close to the
receiving antenna It can be used to increase the receiving sensibility of
the base station Consisting of:
Simplex TTA Duplex TTA Triplex TTA
Page53Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
TTA (Optional)
antenna
simplex TTA duplex TTA triplex TTA
Low noise amplifier
TX filter
bypassBias TeeBTS
triplex TTA
DC
RX filterRX filter
Page54Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Antenna Pattern The antenna pattern describes the radiating abilities
of antennas in all directions
360¡ ã
Omni Antenna Directional antenna
120¡ ã 90¡ ã 65¡ ã
Page55Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Polarization Two main types of polarization
Vertical polarization Horizontal polarization
The types of antenna divided by polarization
Single polarized antenna Vertical polarization for GSM One port for one feeder
Dual polarized antenna +45 degree and -45 degree Two ports for two feeders
Page56Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Summary Functions and features of BTS BTS hardware structure Signal processing of BTS Antenna and feeder system
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