olga tar removal - globalsyngas.orgtar removal in biomass gasification processes olga performance,...
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Gasification Technology Conference San Francisco 2007
OLGA Tar removal
4 MWt commercial demonstration biomass gasification in France
Author: Jan-Willem Könemann, Dahlman
Co-author: Robin Zwart, ECN The tests in Petten & Moissannes were partly
funded by the Dutch ministry of Economic affairs,
specifically by ERS (Energy Research Subsidy)
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
Presentation contents:
• Introduction tar problems in biomass gasification
• OLGA tar removal concept
• Performance of OLGA in Duration test
• 4 MWt gasification plant in France
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
Two gasification routes
Production of ‘product gas’H2, CO & CxHy like CH4 & tars
< 1000 °C CFB, BFB, Fixed Bed – O2, air, steam
Smaller plants are feasible100% biomass or waste (local sources)
Electricity & SNG (CH4)
Production of syngas H2 & CO
> 1200 °C Entrained flow - O2
Economy of (large) scaleCoal & refinery waste
Fisher Tropsch diesel & H2
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
The tar problem
1. Heavy tars
- Condensation leads to fouling < 350 °C
- Tar dew point is critical parameter
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
The “heavy” tar problem
Cold side of gas engine intercooler
after 1000 running hours
San Francisco 2007
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2. Light tars
• Heterocyclic compounds (phenol) are water soluble, condensate & scrubber water is poisoned
• Naphthalene can cause crystallization problems
Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
The tar problem
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
The “light” tar problem
Naphthalene crystals on gas engine control valve
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
Presentation contents:
• Biomass gasification & tar problems
• OLGA tar removal concept
• Pilot test & performance
• 4 MWt gasification plant in France
San Francisco 2007
![Page 9: OLGA Tar removal - globalsyngas.orgTar removal in biomass gasification processes OLGA Performance, gas analyses Tar dew point ° C ≈350 < 5 Tar aerosols (incl. dust)mg/m n ³dry](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052213/5f0eeffe7e708231d441aced/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
Dew points are important!
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
Dew points are important!OLGA process
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
Do not mix tar & water !
Dew points are important!OLGA process
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
PFD: OLGA with cyclone
Waste free system
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
Presentation contents:
• Biomass gasification & tar problems
• OLGA tar removal concept
• Pilot test & performance
• 4 MWt gasification plant in France
San Francisco 2007
![Page 14: OLGA Tar removal - globalsyngas.orgTar removal in biomass gasification processes OLGA Performance, gas analyses Tar dew point ° C ≈350 < 5 Tar aerosols (incl. dust)mg/m n ³dry](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052213/5f0eeffe7e708231d441aced/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
Line-up 0,5 MWt duration test
CyclonePrimairy Product Gas
Cooler
OLGACollector
OLGA ESP
OLGA Absorber
AqueousCondenser& Scrubber
Bottom Ashes Heat Coarse solids HeatFine solidsHeavy tar
Light tar Condensate waterInorganic impurities
(NH3 – HCl etc)
To flare
Pressure Fan
Gas Engine
OLGATar
removal
CFBGasifier
Biomass
Gasification air fan
Bottom ashes
Fresh sand Micro Gas Turbine
Combustion in steam boiler
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
OLGA Performance
Stable temperatures
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
OLGA Performance
Stable gascomposition
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
OLGA Performance, gas analyses
< 5≈ 350° CTar dew point
10--mg/mn³ dryTar aerosols (incl. dust) < 2,5386mg/mn³ dryPhenol
384023mg/mn³ dryNaphthalene
19716855mg/mn³ dryTotal tar
After OLGARaw product gasUnitCompound
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
Conclusion 0.5 MWt OLGA Pilot
• > 650 hours operation
• Stable & reliable process
• Excellent efficiency
• Clean water condensate after OLGA
• Gas engine operated problem free and proved to be clean after inspection, lube oil quality similar to natural gas operation
• Successful 50 hour test with micro gas turbine
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
Presentation contents:
• Biomass gasification & tar problems
• OLGA tar removal concept
• Pilot test & performance
• 4 MWt gasification plant in France
San Francisco 2007
![Page 20: OLGA Tar removal - globalsyngas.orgTar removal in biomass gasification processes OLGA Performance, gas analyses Tar dew point ° C ≈350 < 5 Tar aerosols (incl. dust)mg/m n ³dry](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052213/5f0eeffe7e708231d441aced/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
Biomass gasification projects in France
Government biomass tender in 2005
• Biomass or biogas for combined heat & power (CHP)
• Minimal output 12,5 MWe – 4000 hr/yr
• 15 years of electricity delivery
• Eneria / EBV awarded with 6 biomass plants, total 81 MWe
• Biomass source: wood (saw mills) & wine residue (distilleries)
• EBV decided to first build a 1 MWe demonstration plant
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
Line-up 4 MWt demonstration
Cyclone
Primairy Product Gas
Cooler
Hot Gas Fan
OLGACollector
OLGA ESP
OLGA Absorber
AqueousCondenser& Scrubber
Biomass
PRME Gasifier
Bottom Ashes Heat Coarse solids HeatFine solidsHeavy tar
Light tar Condensate waterInorganic impurities
(NH3 – HCl etc)
To flareTo Flare
Pressure FanGas Engine
OLGA
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
4 MWt demonstration plant
Design & production in 2005
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
Commissioning & start-up
Summer 2006
San Francisco 2007
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
Results Moissannes 4 MWt demonstration
San Francisco 2007
According expectationsEfficiency > 99%Naphthalene
Removed completely (<2,5 mg/Nm3)Phenol
Removed effectivelyHeavy tars
Full, 1,1 MWe reachedLower (fuel density) Capacity
Stable & ReliableOperation
Wine residueWoodBiomass
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Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
Conclusion & Outlook
• Tar problem can successfully be solved
• Biomass gasification plants are technically feasible
• Duration tests in France in 2007
• ECN focus on development SNG production
• First 100% biomass CHP plants with OLGA technology
(1-100 MW) are in development based on gas engines or co-
firing on gas turbines
San Francisco 2007
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San Francisco 2007
Tar removal in biomass gasification processes
Blue flame indicates clean gas! Thank you!