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OISD - 129Amended edition

FOR RESTRICTED CIRCULATION

No.

INSPECTION OF STORAGE TANKS

OISD - STANDARD-129First Edition, November 1988

Amended edition, August, 1999

OIL INDUSTRY SAFETY DIRECTORATE

Government of Ind!

"n#tr$ of Petro%e&m !nd N!t&r!% G!#

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OISD STANDARD - 129 First Edition, November 1988

Amended edition, August, 1999

FOR RESTRICTED CIRCULATION

No.


re!"red b#

CO""ITTEE ONINSPECTION OF STATIC E'UIP"ENT

OIL INDUSTRY SAFETY DIRECTORATE2NDF$OOR, %&AI$AS'(

2), &AST*R+A AND'I AR,NE DE$'I / 110 001

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NOTES

OISD !ubi"tions "re !re!"red 3or use in t4e Oi "ndg"s industr# under inistr# o3 etroeum "nd N"tur" "s.T4ese "re t4e !ro!ert# o3 inistr# o3 etroeum "nd N"tur" "s"nd s4" not be re!rodued or o!ied "nd o"ned or e54ibited toot4ers 6it4out 6ritten onsent 3rom OISD.

T4oug4 ever# e33ort 4"s been m"de to "ssure t4e"ur"# "nd rei"biit# o3 d"t" ont"ined in t4ese douments,OISD 4ereb# e5!ress# dis"ims "n# i"biit# or res!onsibiit# 3oross or d"m"ge resuting 3rom t4eir use.

T4ese douments "re intended on# to su!!ement "ndnot re!"e t4e !rev"iing st"tutor# re7uirements.

Note 1 n #&(er#)r(t nd)!te# t*emodf)!ton+)*!n,e#+!ddton !#ed on t*e!mendment# !((roved n t*e 1.t*S!fet$ Co&n)%meetn, *e%d n /&%$0 1999

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FOREORD

T4e Oi Industr# in Indi" is 100 #e"rs od. +e"use o3v"rious o"bor"tion "greements, " v"riet# o3 intern"tion"odes, st"nd"rds "nd !r"ties 4"ve been in vogue.St"nd"rdis"tion in design !4ioso!4ies "nd o!er"ting "ndm"inten"ne !r"ties "t " n"tion" eve 6"s 4"rd# ine5istene. T4is, ou!ed 6it4 3eed b" 3rom some serious"idents t4"t ourred in t4e reent !"st in Indi" "nd "bro"d,em!4"sied t4e need 3or t4e industr# to revie6 t4e e5isting st"teo3 "rt in designing, o!er"ting "nd m"int"ining oi "nd g"sinst""tions.

it4 t4is in vie6, t4e inistr# o3 etroeum : N"tur""s, in 198), onstituted " S"3et# ;ouni "ssisted b# OiIndustr# S"3et# Diretor"te ets.

T4e !resent doument on %Ins!etion o3 Stor"ge T"ns6"s !re!"red b# t4e Funtion" ;ommittee on %Ins!etion o3St"ti E7ui!ment(. T4is doument is b"sed on t4e "umu"tedno6edge "nd e5!eriene o3 industr# members "nd t4e v"riousn"tion" "nd intern"tion" odes "nd !r"ties. T4is doumentis me"nt to be used "s " su!!ement "nd not "s " re!"ement

3or e5isting odes "nd st"nd"rds. It is 4o!ed t4"t t4e !rovisionso3 t4is doument, 64en "do!ted m"# go " ong 6"# to im!rovet4e s"3et# "nd redue "idents in t4e oi "nd g"s Industr#.*sers o3 t4is doument "re "utioned t4"t no st"nd"rd "n be "substitute 3or " res!onsibe 7u"i3ied Ins!etion Engineers.Suggestions "re invited 3rom t4e users "3ter it is !ut into !r"tieto im!rove t4e doument 3urt4er.

T4is st"nd"rd in no 6"# su!ersedes t4e st"tutor#regu"tions o3 ;;E, F"tor# Ins!etor"te or ot4er overnmentbodies, 64i4 must be 3oo6ed "s "!!i"be.

Suggestions 3or "mendments to t4is doument s4oud

be "ddressed to

T4e ;oordin"tor,;ommittee on %Ins!etion o3 St"ti E7ui!ment,

Oi Industr# S"3et# Diretor"te,2ndFoor, %&"i"s4(

2), &"sturb" "nd4i "rg,Ne6 De4i / 110 001

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CO""ITTEEON

INSPECTION OF STATIC E'UIP"ENT

L#t of "emer#

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------N"me Design"tion : osition in

Org"nis"tion ;ommittee---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. S4. R.&. S"b4"r6" ;N-IO;

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CONTENTS

SE;TION AE NO.

1.0 Introdution2.0 So!e

?.0 De3initions?.1 Atmos!4eri Stor"ge T"ns?.2 $o6 ressure Stor"ge T"ns?.? T#!es o3 Stor"ge T"ns?.?.1 Fi5ed Roo3 T"ns?.?.2 Fo"ting Roo3 T"ns?.?.? Fi5ed-um-Fo"ting Roo3 T"ns

?.?. O!en Roo3 T"ns

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SE;TION AE NO.

11.1. T"n "ds

11.1.B An4or +ots11.1.) Fire Fig4ting S#stems11.1. @ents "nd ressure Reieving Devies11.1.8 Insu"tion11.1.9 rounding ;onnetions11.1.10 $e"s11.2 E5tern" Ins!etion11.2.1 T"n Fittings, Aessories "nd i!e ;onnetions11.2.2 T"n S4e11.2.? T"n Roo3s11.2. ro>eting Out ortion o3 t4e +ottom "tes11.? Intern" Ins!etion11.?.1 Roo3 "nd Strutur" embers

11.?.2 T"n S4e11.?.? T"n +ottoms11.?. "ter Dr"6-o3311.?.B $inings11.?.) Roo3 Dr"ins11.?. 'e"ting ;ois11.?.8 ise"neous

12.0 ;"u"tion o3 Re>etion $imits 3or S4e "tes12.1 Arbitr"r# $imits 3or To! S4e ;ourses12.2 +uing o3 *!!er S4e ;ourses 4en T"n is Em!t#12.2.1 ener"12.2.2 $o"ding ;onditions

12.2.? et4od o3 ;"u"tion1?.1.1 Roo3 Re!"ement

1?.0 et4od o3 Re!"irs "nd Ins!etion1?.1 Roo3 Re!"irs1?.1.2 ed Re!"ir1?.1.? Re!"irs o3 Roo3 64en T"n is in Servie1?.2 S4e "tes Re!"ir1?.2.1 S4e Re!"ement1?.2.2 e Re!"irs1?.? Noes Re!"irs1?. T"n +ottom Re!"irs1?..1 +ottom Re!"ement

1?..2 ed Re!"irs1?.B Ste"m ;oi Re!"irs1?.) T"n "d Re!"irs1?.).1 Erosion1?.).2 Settement1?.).? Titing1?. Insu"tion Re!"ir

1.0 *nderground Stor"ge T"ns1.1 Ins!etion o3 "n *nderground T"n

1B.0 Doument"tion1B.1 Doument"tion 3or Ne6 T"ns1B.2 Doument"tion 3or T"ns in Servie

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SE;TION AE NO.

1).0 Re3erenes

ANNE*RES

I ;4e $ist 3or Ins!etion o3 Stor"ge T"nsII S"3et# in Ins!etion o3 Stor"ge T"nsIII "ter Fi-u! Test o3 " Stor"ge T"n

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1O INTRODUCTION

Inst""tions use t"n"ges o3 v"rious

t#!es "nd sies to store initi", intermedi"te

"nd 3inis4ed !etroeum !rodut "nd 4ene

t4e 3"iure o3 "n# !"rt o3 " t"n m"# resut in

" dis"ster.

Time# ins!etion "n !reventive

m"inten"ne 6i go " ong 6"# in m"ing "

t"n s"3er to store !roduts 3or onger

!eriods o3 time.

23 SCOPE

T4is st"nd"rd overs t4e minimum

ins!etion re7uirements 3or "tmos!4eri "nd

o6 !ressure stor"ge t"ns onstruted "s

!er st"nd"rds IS-80?, AI-)20, AI )B0, IS

1098 or e7uiv"ent. Are"s to be ins!eted,

3"iities 3or ins!etion, t4e ins!etion

!roedures "nd 3re7uen#, met4ods o3

re!"irs "nd ie# "uses o3 deterior"tion o3

stor"ge t"ns in servie 4"ve been s!ei3ied

in t4is St"nd"rd. Ins!etion "nd testing

re7uirements 3or t4e ne6 t"ns during

3"bri"tion "nd eretion, "nd !rior toommissioning "re "so brie3# overed.

43 DEFINITIONS

41 AT"OSP5ERIC STORAGETANKS

Atmos!4eri stor"ge t"ns "re

t4ose t"ns t4"t 4"ve been designed to

o!er"te in t4eir g"s "nd v"!our s!"es "t

intern" !ressure "!!ro5im"te# e7u" to

"tmos!4eri !ressure.

42 LO PRESSURE STORAGETANKS

$o6 !ressure stor"ge t"ns "re

t4ose t"ns 64i4 4"ve been designed to

o!er"te "t !ressure in t4eir g"s or v"!our

s!"es e5eeding t4ose !ermissibe in AI

Std. )B0, but not e5eeding 1.0)&SG. ;

g"uge.

44 TYPES OF STORAGES

TANKS

441 F6ed Roof T!n7#

Among 3i5ed roo3 t"ns, one roo3

t"ns "re ver# ommon 3or "tmos!4eri

stor"ges t"ns. Ot4er 3i5ed roo3 t"ns "re

umbre" roo3 "nd dome roo3 t"ns. $o6

!ressure roo3 t"ns "re gener"#

onstruted o3 dome roo3.

442 F%o!tn, Roof T!n7#

Fo"ting roo3 t"ns "re designed to

redue 3iing "nd bre"t4ing osses to "

minimum "nd 3or s"3et# onsider"tions b#

eimin"ting t4e v"!our s!"e "bove t4e

stored i7uid. T4ere "re m"in# 3oo6ing

t#!es o3 3o"ting roo3 t"nsH

I= "n 3o"ting roo3

ii= ontoon 3o"ting roo3

iii= ontoon 6it4 +uo# t#!e 3o"ting roo3

iv= Doube De 3o"ting roo3

T4e t#!es o3 3o"ting roo3 t"ns "ndv"rious se"s "re s4o6n in Fig. 1A 1+ "nd

Fig 2, res!etive#. Reent onstrutions

"re 3itted 6it4 resiient 3o"m t#!e se".

444 F6ed-)&m-F%o!tn, RoofT!n7#

Fi5ed-3um-3o"ting roo3 t"ns "re

3i5ed roo3 t"ns 6it4 intern" 3o"ting roo3.

T4ese t#!e o3 t"ns "re used 3or !roduts

64i4 "re to be !roteted 3rom

ont"min"tion. T4ese "re "so used "to"tions 64ere s4o6 3" is 4e"v#.

448 O(en Roof t!n7# t*o&tRoof:

O!en roo3 t"ns "re #indri"

verti" t"ns 6it4 to! o!en to t4e

"tmos!4ere. Roo3 is not !rovided "nd t4e

m"teri" stored is e5!osed to t4e

"tmos!4ere. O!en roo3 t"ns "re not used

3or storing 4#dro"rbons.

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44; 5or

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?3 INSPECTION OF TANKS DURING FA=RICATION

Ins!etion o3 t"ns during 3"bri"tion s4" be "rried out "s !er t4e re7uirements o3

t4e "!!i"be odes, s!ei3i"tions, dr"6ings et. T4is ins!etion re7uires regu"r 4es on

t4e 6or "t v"rious st"ges "s it !rogresses.

T4e ins!etion s4" inudeH-

i= Stud# o3 " t4e te4ni" s!ei3i"tions "nd t4e ode to 64i4 t4e t"n is to be buit.

ii= ;4eing t4e 3ound"tion !"d "nd so!e

iii= Identi3i"tion o3 !"te m"teri"s

iv= Gu"i3i"tion o3 6eding !roedure "nd 6eding o!er"tor

v= ;4eing o3 !"inted underside o3 t4e bottom !"te !rior to t4ese being "id.

vi= ;4eing o3 so!e o3 t4e bottom !"tes.

vii= ;4eing o3 e"4 b"t4 o3 eetrodes "s !er s!ei3i"tions "nd "ssur"ne o3 its use "s !er

suggested met4ods o3 t4eir m"nu3"tures "nd odes.

viii= ;4eing o3 !ro!er 6eding se7uene

i5= Ev"u"ting s!ot r"diogr"!4# o3 butt 6eded "nnu"r oints "nd v"uum bo5 test o3

t4e !ortion o3 6ed on t4e bottom !"te on 64i4 s4e is to be ereted.

5= ;4eing o3 3it-u!s "nd noting o3 urv"ture "nd !umb re"dings be3ore "nd "3ter 6eding o3

t4e s4e ourses.

5i= Ev"u"ting r"diogr"!4# o3 butt 6eded >oints "s !er t4e "!!i"be ode.

5ii= A t4oroug4 visu" 4e "nd oi !enetr"te testing o3 t4e inside s4e to bottom 6ed se"m

be3ore 6eding 3rom outside.

5iii= ;4eing o3 noesm"n6"#ssum!s 3or orient"tion, 3itu!s "nd 6eding.

5iv= ;4eing o3 set u! o3 urb "nge, roo3 trusses "nd roo3 !"tes !rior to 6eding.

5v= ;4eing o3 set u!s o3 6ind girders et.

5vi= ;4eing o3 64et4er 'T o3 e"n out doors "nd s4e noes, 64ere "!!i"be, 4"ve

been done. A3ter 'T : be3ore 4#dro testing, " su4 6ed >oints s4" be ins!etedvisu"# : I or D tested. NOTE 1

5vii=;4eing o3 Noe !"d "ir test.

5viii= ;4eing o3 e5tern" : Intern" sur3"es.

5i5= itnessing o3 " tests "s s!ei3ied beo6H

For F6ed Roof T!n7#@ For F%o!tn, Roof

i= +ottom tests 6it4 v"uum bo5"ir test. I= +ottom "te test 6it4 v"uum bo5"ir test.

ii= "ter 3i-u!'#dr"ui test

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iii= Roo3 "ir test or Roo3 v"uum bo5 test. iii= @"uum bo5 test o3 to! de !"tes.

iv= Rigidit#;o"!sibiit# test

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2. ;4es 3or settementtiting o3 3ound"tions.

?. ;4e t4"t " e5"min"tions "nd tests 4"ve been "rried out "nd

srutinise t4e "v"i"be reords. ;4e 64et4er 'T is "rried

out 3or e"n out doors "nd noes 64erever "!!i"be.

. Ins!et s4e 3or obvious "bnorm"ities in res!et o3 out-o3-roundnessbuges, dents, et.

B. ;4e t4"t t4e "ter"tions m"de during onstrution 4"ve been

inor!or"ted in "s-buit dr"6ing.

). e"sure "nd reord 6" t4iness o3 s4e, bottom, roo3 : Noes

. ;4e 64et4er non-return v"ve "t roo3 dr"in o!ening 4"s been

!rovided

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iv= Atmos!4eri orrosion

v= +"teri" orrosion

vi= Stress orrosion

viii= Soi orrosion

A stor"ge t"n s4" be !roteted "s

s!ei3ied in OISD ubi"tion-1?) on

J;orrosionJ so t4"t met" oss due to

orrosion is e!t to " b"re minimum.

1 =OTTO" PLATES

+ottom !"tes get orroded r"!id# i3

t4e 3uid stored is 4"ving se" 6"ter ontent

eting out !ortion o3 bottom

!"tes "re !rone to orrosion "t t4e edges

due to see!"ge"umu"tion o3 6"ter

bet6een t4e 3ound"tion "nd t4e bottom

!"tes. T4e bottom !"te is !rone to 6e"r

due g"uging.

2 S5ELL PLATES

S4e !"tes gener"# get orroded

intern"# 64ere i7uidv"!our !4"se is

m"int"ined

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T4e 6"ter dr"6-o33 noes !i!e get

orroded due to 6"ter st"gn"tion.? STEA" COILS

Ste"m ois get t4inned out "t t4e

bends due to intern" erosion. $eg su!!orts

o3 ste"m oi get orroded "t t4e bottom!ortion due to "umu"tion o3 6"ter. Ste"m

oi su!!orts get disodged due to t4erm"

e5!"nsion.

93 INSPECTION PROGRA""EFOR TANKAGES IN SER>ICE

To "void 3"iures "nd

inonvenienes in o!er"tion due to sudden

redution in t"n stor"ge "!"it#, it is

neess"r# to dr"6 u! "nd "d4ere to "n

ins!etion !rogr"mme.

@isu" "nd e5tern" ins!etion s4"

be used "s " guide 3or determining orrosion

r"tes. Intern" ins!etion s4" t"e !"e

eit4er 64en indi"ted b# t4e servie 4istor#

or "s !er t4e 3re7uen# o3 ins!etions

indi"ted in ;4"!ter 10, 64i4ever is e"rier.

Ins!etion !rogr"mme "n be

bro"d# divided intoH

i= @isu" ins!etion

ii= E5tern" ins!etion "nd t4iness surve#

iii= Intern" ins!etion

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ISUAL INSPECTION

@isu" e5tern" ins!etion o3 e"4

t"n s4" be m"de one " #e"r. During t4e

visu" ins!etion, 3oo6ing s4" be 4eedH

1111 Prote)tve Co!tn,#

;ondition o3 !"int s4" be 4eed

visu"# 3or rust s!ots, me4"ni" d"m"ge,

bisters "nd 3im i3ting.

1112 Roof P%!te#

Roo3 !"tes s4" be ins!eted 3or

de3ets ie !in 4oes, 6ed r"s, !itting

et., "t 6"ter "umu"tion o"tions. NOTE1

1114 L!dder#0 St!r!$#0P%!tform# !nd Str&)t&r!%#

T4ese s4" be e5"mined 3or

orroded or broen !"rts. Free movement

"nd "ignment o3 64ees on roing "dder

s4" be 4eed. $"dder "nd st"ir"se

ste!s

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111. >ent# Pre##&re Re%evn,Dev)e#

A o!en vents, 3"me "rrestors "ndbre"t4er v"ves s4" be e5"mined to ensure

t4"t t4e 6ire mes4 "nd sreens "re neit4er

torn nor ogged b# 3oreign m"tter or insets.

Rim "nd beeder vents 3or 3o"ting roo3 t"ns

s4" be e5"mined 3or !ro!er 6oring. A

vents "nd !ressure reieving devies s4"

be ins!eted "s !er t4e 3re7uen# "nd

!roedure outined in OISD-Std-1?2

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iv= T4ree re"dings s4oud be t"en on one

!"te on " ot4er ourses "ong t4e

st"ir"se "nd t4ree om!"ss diretions.

+ottom, midde "nd to! !ortions o3 !"tes

s4oud be overed.

For t"ns in ig4t !roduts servieie g"soine "nd n"!4t4", !itting is

gener"# observed in t4e midde ourses o3

s4e. In su4 "ses, t4iness surve#

s4oud be more e5tensive on midde

ourses. I3 signi3i"nt intern" orrosion o3

roo3 is observed, t4en to! s4e ourse

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T4iness s4" be me"sured using

utr"soni t4iness meter.

1128 Proe)tn, o&t (orton of

t*e ottom (%!te#

T4e !ro>eting out !ortion o3 t4e

bottom !"tes

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"tt"ed "re"s to determine t4e minimum

rem"ining met" t4iness.

;orrosion on t4e underside o3 3"t

bottom t"ns resting on soi or on !"ds

"nnot be 4eed 3rom outside. From t4e

inside, t4e orrosion m"# be detet"be b#4"mmering. Err"ti re"dings 6it4 utr"soni

t4iness instrument "re "so indi"tions o3

underside orrosion. To "rr# out " !ositive

ins!etion "nd "ur"te 4e, it is

reommended to ut out re!resent"tive

setions o3 ou!ons et to

intern" "nd e5tern" orrosion "s 6e "s

r"ing. T4e# s4" be visu"# ins!eted

"nd 4"mmer tested "ong6it4 t4iness

surve# "s 3e"sibe. +ottom !"te under di!

4"t4 s4" be 4eed 3or dents, et.

T4e bottom !"tes o3 t"n 4"ving

6"ter bottom oints s4" be

t4iness surve#ed "nd servied during

ever# out"ge : individu"# 4#dro tested.A3ter "ssemb# o3 t4e roo3 dr"in s#stem,

om!ete s#stem s4" be 4#dro tested NOTE1.

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114. 5e!tn, Co%#

'e"ting oi inuding its su!!orts

s4" be 4"mmer tested, !"rtiu"r# "t t4e

underside o3 oi "nd t4e bends. *tr"soni

t4iness me"surement s4" be t"en.

R"diogr"!4# o3 bends "n be done

3or "ur"te ev"u"tion i3 intern" orrosion is

sus!eted. T4e visu" ins!etion o3 t4e oi

s4" be done "t t4e su!!orts 3or "n#

erosion. ;ois s4" be 4#dr"ui"# tested

"t 1.B times o!er"ting !ressure "nd 4eed

3or "n# e""ge.

114 "#)e%%!neo

@"ves "nd simi"r 3ittings s4" be4eed 3or e""ge "nd !ro!er 3untioning.

T4e bre"t4er v"ves s4" be over4"ued "nd

reset "t t4e re7uired !ressure "nd v"uum

settings.

123 CALCULATION OFRE/ECTION LI"ITS FORS5ELL PLATES

In determining t4e imiting t4iness

3or t4e s4e !"tes o3 " t"n,

eit4er 3or t4e !ur!ose o3 !re-"u"ting " set

o3 retiring t4iness 3or e"4 t"n or "s "

m"tter o3 neessit# "t t4e time o3 ins!etion,

t4e b"si met4od given in t4e "!!i"be

st"nd"rd s4" be used. T4e resut 6i be "

t4iness 64i4 6i be t4e minimum

re7uired 3or " !"rtiu"r o"tion 3or t4e given

t"n. 4en t4"t t4iness is re"4ed,

re!"irs o3 re!"ement s4" be re7uired.

A !it or " ver# sm" "re" redued to

t4e retiring t4iness is 4o6ever t"en "snot 6e"ening t4e !"te "!!rei"b# 3rom

t4e st"nd!oint o3 resisting !ressure. T4e

"ver"ge t4iness, over " dist"ne in "

ongitudin" diretion e7u" to 1) times t4e

minimum "o6"be t4iness, is " good rue

to 3oo6 in est"bis4ing " !"te t4iness 3or

" orroded "re". Re!"irs to su4 "re"s "re

re7uired on# to !revent e""ges 64en

orrosion !rogresses om!ete# t4roug4 t4e

!"te. T4is "ver"ge t4iness "n be

onsidered "s t4e me"sured !"te t4iness.

121 AR=ITRARY LI"ITS FORTOP S5ELL COURSES

T4e re>etion imit 3or s4e !"tes, "s

s!ei3ied under eted 64en due to

orrosion t4e !"te t4iness 4"s re"4ed,

over " onsider"be "re" t4e 3oo6ing v"ueH

". 4en t4e origin" t4iness 6"s )mmH 2.B

mm.

b. 4en t4e origin" t4iness 6"s 8mmH

?.2 mm.

It is !ointed out t4"t 3or m"n# t"ns,

es!ei"# o3 medium "nd "rge sie, t4e to!s4e ourses m"# bue be3ore t4e imits

mentioned under

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or "sti se"ing m"teri", t4e 4oie

de!ending u!on t4e ontents o3 t4e t"n "nd

servie onditions. T4e !"t4es m"# be

"!!ied 64en t"n is in servie. T4e

!"t4es m"# be in mu4 t4e s"me m"nner

"s norm"# "!!ied to t4e roo3 " buiding.

T4e "bove "re tem!or"r# met4ods

o3 re!"ir. ro!er "nd !erm"nent re!"irs

s4" be "rried out "t t4e e"riest

o!!ortunit#.

142 S5ELL PLATES REPAIR

1421 S*e%% Re(%!)ement

;om!ete or !"rti" re!"ement o3

orroded "nd t4inned out s4e !"tes s4"

be done using ne6 !"tes o3 t4iness "s!rovided in t4e origin" design. "rti"

re!"ement o3 s4e !"te "n be done b#

utting 6indo6 "t t4e "33eted !ortion. A3ter

6eding t4e >oints s4" be 4eed visu"#

or b# D.. Test "nd t"ing s!ot r"diogr"!4.

A3ter s"tis3"tor# re!"irs, t4e >oint s4" be

4eed 3or e"s b# 3iing t4e t"ns 6it4

6"ter "s is done in t4e "se o3 ne6#

3"bri"ted t"ns.

1422 e%d Re(!r#

De3etive 6eds or e"# 6eds s4"

be re!"ired b# gouging, grinding "nd

6eding. T4e 6eding s4" be t4oroug4#

ins!eted b# m"gni3#ing g"ss or b# D..

Test. S!ot r"diogr"!4s s4oud "so be

t"en.

144 NOLES REPAIRS

T4e t4inned noes s4" be t"en

out b# gouging t4e 6eding. T4e ne6

6eding s4" be 4eed 6it4 "ir "t "

!ressure o3 1.0) gm2 "nd so"! sudst4roug4 t4e te-t"e 4oe in rein3oring !"ds.

In "se t"n is to be 4#drost"ti"# tested,

t4e noe rein3oring !"d s4" be 4eed

3or "n# e""ge t4roug4 t4e te-t"e 4oe. I3

e""ge is observed, t4e inner 6eding o3

noe 6it4 s4e s4" be gouged, re6eded

"nd tested.

148 TANK =OTTO" REPAIRS

1481 =ottom Re(%!)ement

"rti" or om!ete re!"ement o3

t"n bottom !"tes "n be done using !"tes

o3 t4iness !rovided in t4e origin" design.

T4e re!"ement !"tes "n be t"en in to

t4e t"n t4roug4 6indo6 ut in bottom s4e

ourse. A ne6 bottom m"# be "id on t4e

od bottom 64en it is not !ossibe to t"e out

t4e od !"tes. T4is "rr"ngement 4"s been

s4o6n in Fig. No. A, + "nd ;. 'o6ever,b# t4is "rr"ngement, "!"it# o3 t4e t"n 6i

be redued. Noes "nd 4e"ting ois

s4oud be re-!ositioned on t4e rene6ed

bottom "s !er t4e o!er"tion" re7uirement.

T4e ne6 6ed >oints s4" be

4eed t4oroug4#. To detet "n# e""ge

in t4e 6ed 4oists, v"uum bo5 test s4" be

"rried out.

T4e bottom !"tes s4oud be

4eed !neum"ti"#. Air onnetions "reinst"ed "t minimum o3 B !oints. An "ir

!ressure o3 10 m. "ter oumn is

m"int"ined 6it4 " entri3ug" bo6er or "n "ir

om!ressor.

A *-tube m"nometer indi"tes t4is

!ressure "nd "t t4e s"me time s"3egu"rds

t4e bottom "g"inst "n over-!ressure. T4e

entire bottom is t4en tested.

T4is s#stem 4"s "n "dv"nt"ge over

t4e v"uum bo5 met4od "s it is mu4 3"ster

"nd more seure sine t4e entire sur3"e

"nd not on# t4e 6eded se"ms "re overed.

Anot4er "dv"nt"ge is t4"t 64ie t4e "ir

!ressure is "!!ied, t4e bottom is !"rti"#

i3ted 3rom its b"se. T4is "uses t4e met"

!"tes to 3e5 so t4"t !ossibe 4oes o3 minor

dimensions 64i4 mig4t 4"ve been se"ed

b# soi or rust !"rties 6i beome

detet"be.

I3 "n "ir !ressure o3 10 m. 6"ter

oumn "nnot be m"int"ined o6ing to too

mu4 "ir e""ge "round t4e outer rim o3 t4ebottom, it is reommended to inst" " d"m

"round t4e t"n "s ose "s !"rti"be to t4e

s4e 6". A d"m o3 "# or bitumen s"nd

mi5ture "bout 20 m. 4ig4 s4oud be

"!!ied. T4is d"m 4"s to be se"ed 6it4 "

bitumen "#er. T4e s!"e bet6een t4e d"m

t4e t"n 6" is t4en 3ied 6it4 3res4 6"ter

64i4 "ts "s se". Arr"ngement o3 t"n

bottom testing is given Fig B.

S4e to bottom 6ed >oint s4" be

tested b# 3iing t4e t"n 6it4 6"ter to " eveo3 4"3 t4e t"n 4eig4t.

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T4e riti" one 3or re!"irs on t4e t"nbottom is 6it4in t4e "nnu"r !"te ring

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1482 e%d Re(!r#

$e"# 6eds in t4e bottom "n be

re!"ired b# gouging, grinding "nd 6eding.

Re!"ired 6eds s4" be 4eed b# v"uum

bo5 testing.

14; STEA" COIL REPAIRS

T4inned or deterior"ted ste"m ois

s4" be re!"ed. T4e 6ed >oints s4" be

4eed b# s!ot r"diogr"!4#. A3ter

s"tis3"tor# re!"irs, t4e ois s4" be

4#drost"ti"# tested "t " !ressure o3 1.B

times t4e o!er"ting !ressure.

14? TANKS PAD REPAIRS

14?1 Ero#on

T4e r"ised 3ound"tion o3 verti"

t"ns must be !roteted 3rom t4e e33ets o3

erosion. An# d"m"ge to t4e sur3"e o3 t4e

se"ing o"t or "n# bre"do6n o3 t4e s"nd-

bitumen mi5 o3 t4"t !"rt o3 t4e 3ound"tion

64i4 !ro>et be#ond t4e b"se o3 t4e t"n

s4" be re!"ired be3ore t4e under#ing

3ound"tion is d"m"ged.

14?2 Sett%ement

Even 6it4 re"tive# minor

settement, t4e outer edge o3 t4e bottom

!"tes o3 " verti" t"n 6i sette "t " eve

beo6 t4e sur3"e o3 t4e se"ing "#er o3 t4e

3ound"tion. T4is resuts in t4e 3orm"tion o3 "

4"nne "round t4e !eri!4er# o3 t4e t"n, in

64i4 r"in 6"ter oets. 4en t4is ours,

sm" outet 4"nnes in r"di" diretion s4"

be ut in t4e se"ing "#er o3 s"nd bitumen

mi5 "t t4e o6est !oint "nd "t interv"s o3

"bout )mt. "round t4e !eri!4er# to !rovide

dr"in"ge. T4e re"tive settement s4" be4eed. I3 settement e5eeds 2B mm, t4is

met4od m"# destro# t4e e33etiveness o3 t4e

s"nd bitumen se"ing "#er. In su4 "ses,

t4e sur3"e o3 t4e !ro>eting !"rt o3 t4e

3ound"tion s4" be trimmed "nd " ne6

se"ing "#er o3 s"nd bitumen mi5. B0 mm

t4i s4oud be "id to !rovide " !ro!er

dr"in"ge 6it4 " sur3"e so!ing "6"# 3rom

t4e toe o3 t4e t"n bottom.

14?4 T%tn,

T4e m"5imum "o6"be titing in t4e

3i5ed roo3 t"ns due to uneven settement

s4" be "s s4o6n in Fig ).

T4e m"5imum "o6"be titing in3o"ting roo3 t"ns 6i be governed b# t4e

designed r"nge o3 g"! bet6een roo3 "nd

s4e.

T4e m"5imum "o6"be titing "s

given Fig ) 6i "use "n inre"se in t4e

4oo! stress o3 t4e s4e !"tes b# 2 o3 t4e

4oo! stress "u"ted 3or t"ns 6it4out

uneven settement. T4is inre"se s4" be

deduted 3orm t4e "o6"be stress 64en

"u"ting re>etion imit o3 s4e !"tes o3

t"ns 64i4 4"ve setted uneven#.

A t"n s4" be i3ted "nd t4e

3ound"tion re!"ed i3 t4e imit 3or titing is

re"4ed.

183 UNDERGROUND STORAGETANKS

181 INSPECTION OF ANUNDERGROUND TANK

rior to entering "n underground

t"n, it s4" be e"ned intern"# o3 its

!rodut "nd "de7u"te "ir iru"tion

!rovided. T4e t"n s4" be visu"#

ins!eted 3or orrosion!itsdeterior"tion on

intern" sur3"es. *tr"soni t4iness

me"surements s4" be "rried out on s4e

!"tes, end !"tes "nd noes 3rom inside.

A3ter t4e re!"irs i3 "n#, t4e t"n s4"

be 4#drost"ti"# tested o3 "t 0.B gs7.m

test !ressure "nd 4eed 3or e"s.

1;3 DOCU"ENTATION

1;1 DOCU"ENTATION FOR NETANKS

T4e 3oo6ing om!etion douments

3or t4e stor"ges t"n s4" be !reservedH

i= As buit dr"6ing o3 t4e t"n.

ii= As buit dr"6ing o3 t4e t"n 3ound"tion.

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iii= S4e deveo!ment dr"6ings indi"ting

t4e o"tion o3 r"diogr"!4# "nd test

resuts o3 t4e s4e.

iv= R"diogr"!4# 3ims

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5vii= St"ir6"# det"is 6it4 orient"tion.

5viii= Fo"m s#stem dr"6ing.

5i5= ;ooing s#stem dr"6ing

55= ind girder dr"6ings

55i= i!e su!!ort dr"6ings 6it4 orient"tions

55ii= Roing "dder det"i dr"6ing.

1;2 DOCU"ENTATION FORTANKS IN SER>ICE

A t4e observ"tions, 3indings "nd

re!"irs "rried out "3ter e"4 ins!etion

s4oud be reorded in t4e 3oo6ing "rds 3or

e"4 t"nH

"= T"n ins!etion "nd re!"irs "rd

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1?3 REFERENCES

The following codes, standards and

publications have either been referred or

used in the preparation of this standard andthe same shall be read in conjunction with

this standard.

i) API Guide - Inspection of efiner!

"#uipment, $hapter %III-Atmospheric

and low pressure storage tan&s.

ii) API '( - *elded +teel tan&s for oil

storage.

iii) API ' - ecommended ules for

esign and construction of low pressurestorage tan&s.

iv) + '(/ - +pecification for vertical steel

welded storage tan&s with butt welded

shells for petroleum industr!

v) I+ 01 - $ode of practice for esign,

2abrication and "rection of 3ertical 4.+.

$!linder 5il storage tan&s.

vi) I+ /'0 - $ode of practice for 6ining of

3essels and "#uipment for $hemical

Processes. Part - 7 ubber lining

vii) API Publ 7( - $leaning Petroleum

+torage Tan&s

viii) API Publ 7(A - A guide for controlling

the 6ead 8a9ards associated with Tan&

"ntr! and $leaning.

i:) API Publ 7( - $leaning open - Top

and $overed floating oof Tan&s.

:) API Publ ' - Guidelines for safe

descent on to floating roofs of tan&s while

in service.

:i) API P 1 - Protection against

ignitions arising out of +tatic, 6ighting

and +tra! $urrents

:ii) I+ ;;'/ - ecommendations for

4aintenance and 5peration of Petroleum

+toragePart -7 -- Preparation of tan&s for safe

entr! < *or&.

Part-II Inspection.

:iii) I+ 7;0= - $ode of practice for esign,

2abrication Testing and installation of

underground > aboveground c!lindrical

storage tan&s for petroleum products.

:iv) API - 3enting Atmospheric and

6ow-Pressure +torage tan&s.

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ANNEBURE - II

SAFETY IN INSPECTION OF STORAGE TANKS

1. A !erson s4" not go "one on t4e roo3

o3 stor"ge t"ns 3or ins!etion.

No 6"ing s4" be done on t4e roo3

!"tes 64ere t4inning!er3or"tions "re

observed. Neess"r# !"ning m"# be

!rovided 3or 6"ing on su4 roo3s.

*tr"soni t4iness me"surements s4"

not be "rried out 64en t4e t"ns is

reeiving or dis!"t4ing.

Entr# on to t4e de o3 " 3o"ting roo3 s4"

be restrited 64en t4e 3o"ting roo3 is more

t4"n B metres beo6 t4e to! "nge ring.

2. '2s m"# be !resent inside t4e stor"ge

t"ns in 4#dro"rbon servie. In "se

o3 3o"ting roo3 t"ns, '2S m"# be

!resent "bove roo3 "so. neess"r#

s"3et# !re"utions s4" be t"en 64ie

ins!eting su4 t"ns.

?. No 4ot 6or s4" be "rried out inside

t4e t"n !rior to g"s 3reeing o3 t4e s"me.

'ot 6or on bottom !"tes s4" be done

under strit su!ervision 64ere !er3or"tion

"ndor e"s "re observed.

Air test !ressure s4" NE@ER e5eed t4e

s!ei3ied imits.

. A o"ded t"ns must be om!ete#

s4ot b"sted "nd t4oroug4# e"nedbe3ore entering. AI !ubi"tion No.

201B, 201BA, 201B+ : 2202 s4" be

re3erred 3or t4e stor"ge t"ns

ont"ining o"ded !etroeum !roduts.

B. S"3et# bets s4" be 6orn 64ie 6oring

on +osuns 4"ir.

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ANNEBURE - III

ATER FILL-UP TEST OF A STORAGE TANK

T4is "nne5ure outines det"ied !rogr"mmeo3 onduting 4#dr"ui testing o3 stor"ge

t"n.

1 5YDRAULIC FILLING

1.1 T"n s4" be 3ied u! in st"ges o3 2.B

mts. e"4.

1.2 E"4 st"ge o3 o"ding s4" be

m"int"ined 3or " minimum !eriod o3

d"#s or ti irum3erenti" settement

bet6een t6o suessive !oints on t4et"n !eri!4er# is e7u" to or ess t4"n

2.B mm over t4e !revious 2 4rs. T4e

"rgest time 3or 64i4 e"4 st"ge o3

o"ding is m"int"ined s4" be t4e one

64i4 ours "ter o3 t4e t6o onditions,

i.e. d"#s or t4e r"te o3 settement.

1.? T4e se7uene o3 3iing v"rious t"ns in

" t"n 3"rm s4" be su4 "s to "void

over-"!!ing o3 settements. To

"4ieve t4is, it 6oud be neess"r# to

3i di"gon"# o!!osite t"ns 64en

simut"neous or individu" 3iing is

"rried out.

2 E"PTYING

2.1 T4e st"ges in 64i4 t4e 6"ter is em!tied

out 3rom t4e t"ns s4" be t4e s"me "s

3or 3iing. A minimum 6"iting !eriod o3

12 4ours s4" be !ermitted bet6een

e"4 deo"ding st"ge.

4 SETTLE"ENT O=SER>ATIONS +"EASURE"ENTS

?.1 For t"ns 6it4 "!"it# e7u" to or ess

t4"n ?000 u.mt m"rers m"# be

!"ed "t e7u" dist"ne on t4e

irum3erene o3 t4e t"ns.

?.2 For t"ns 6it4 "!"it# e7u" or gre"ter

t4"n B000 u. mt 8 m"rers m"# be

!"ed "t e7u" dist"ne on t4e

irum3erene o3 t4e t"ns.

?.? T4e !osition o3 e"4 m"rer s4" be

indi"ted on t4e t"n !"n.

?. Settement me"sured s4" be t"en "t

4our# or t6o 4our# interv" 3rom

ommenement o3 3iing o3 e"4 st"ge.

A3ter t4e 6"ter in t4e t"n 4"s been

3ied u!to t4e desired st"ge t4e

settement me"surement s4" be t"en

"t 1,2,,8, 1) : 2 4r. "nd t4ere"3ter

ever# 2 4rs. ti end o3 t4e s!ei3ied

!eriod.

8 GRAP5S.1 ots o3 settement vs time "nd o"d vs

settement s4" be !re!"red 3or e"4

t"n. T4ese !ots "re intended to s4o6

time r"te o3 3iing o3 t"ns, st"biis"tion

o3 settements "s !er t4e s!ei3i"tion

"nd m"gnitude o3 settements.

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