Oh My Gandhi!

India Between the World Wars

The South Africa Years• 1893-1914

• Gandhi fights discrimination against Indians– Train incident

• Love/hate relationship?

• Legacy of Indian rights, preview of sub-continental movement

Back to India• British reneg on their

promises of self-rule after WWI

• Rowlatt Act March 1919– Amritsar Massacre 4/13/19– 1500 casualties in 10

minutes

• Drives Gandhi into action

This is How We Do It• Civil

disobediencevs.

Satyagraha

• Prison time–King, Thoreau…

WHEEL SEE WHO WINS…

• THE WHEEL–Cotton Boycott

• THE WALK–Salt March to Dandi,

1930

• THE…WHUNGER–Strikes in prison

QUESTIONS FOR THE VIDEO• What did satyagraha mean literally, and what did

it come to mean?

• Describe what you see happening with civil disobedience.

• What major weapon did Gandhi have at his disposal to get himself out of prison?

• How did the Salt March raise Gandhi’s profile?

China’s Tumble ContinuesChinese Conflict and Confusion 1911-1935

RISING SUN• China’s last emperor out

12/1911

• Sun Yixian and Revolutionary Alliance plan to take over

• Sun elected 12/1911, but no army for support

• Yuan Shikai (powerful general) takes command, reorganizes

SO YUAN A REVOLUTION?• Yuan, warlords suppress

uprisings of Guomindang (GMD) National Party

• Japanese cause trouble– 21 Demands 1915– Paris Peace Conference

• Sun regains power in early 1920s

WARLORDS• Regional generals with

private armies

• De-centralize power

• Prevent Sun from unifying China

CLEAR IT UP!

WATCH THE HIGHLY EDUCATIONAL VIDEO CLIP FROM NBC STUDIOS TO MORE FULLY UNDERSTAND WHAT A WARLORD IS.

JIANG YOU VERY MUCH

• Jiang Jieshi takes over GMD after Sun’s death

• Focus on Chinese unification

• Leads Northern Expedition (1926-28)

MAO YOU’VE DONE IT!

• Mao Zedong leads Chinese Communist Party– Inspired by May Fourth Movement

• Leads CCP growth, helps GMD fight warlords

• Jiang hates Communism, throws weight behind defeat of CCP during Northern Expedition

THE LONG MARCH• Communists control small

areas in mainstream China

• 1934: Retreat towards Central China enclave

• 1 year6,000 miles

100,000 people start8,000 finish

PACKET UP!

HEAD TO THE HANDOUT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT THE MARCH AND THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE CCP AND THE GMD!

Japan

USA

Canada

Australia

China

SE Asia

The Pacific Ocean

The Splendid Decades

• WWI makes Japan rich

• Japan gets German land in Pacific after Versailles

• Diet forms, Western gov’t and culture spread

Same Old Story…

• Zaibatsu dominate politics– Conservatives angry

• Economy up and down– Natural disaster, depression

• Poor are VERY poor!– Same I.R. problems, look for answers– 45% lose jobs after ‘quakes

The Radical 1930s

• Ultranationalists VERY anti-West– Urge imperial action

• Samurai/bushido

• Manchurian Incident– Staged 1931– Puppet gov’t– L.o.N. condemns, so Japan leaves

WWII’s Not Far Off

• By 1937 military influencing gov’t– Crack down on freedom, socialists

– Cult of Hirohito formed

• Friendliness with Germany, Italy as 1930s progress

• Invade China 1937

Hitler Isn’t Unique