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R Adm Bernhard H. Teuteberg R Adm Bernhard H. Teuteberg Chief Director Maritime StrategyChief Director Maritime Strategy South African NavySouth African Navy

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The aim of this presentation is to provide a personal

perspective of the potential of multi purpose Offshore Patrol Vessels for Africa

Introduction Brief Analysis of Challenges The Role of Navies and/or Coastguards Roles and Functions (Missions) of a Multi-Purpose

Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV) Key Design Features of an OPV Life Cycle Management Key Success Factors Recommendations Conclusion

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Capacity and Capacity Building

“The AUC shall encourage sub-regional mutualized efforts in the construction and equipment of standardized Offshore Patrol Vessels (OPV) and other specific naval vessels”

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“SADC must take the lead in controlling its own maritime domain. The cornerstone of the Maritime Security Strategy is anchored by capacity building of the navies of SADC. The output must be the acquisition of inshore and offshore patrol vessels”

SADC Maritime Security Strategy

Africa has witnessed the resurgence of the age old global problems of piracy, human trafficking and dumping of toxic waste on its coastal waters. This is further to illegal fishing which has been going on for decades unnoticed, for the most part, by poorly equipped African states. In particular, the rapid escalation of piracy activity off the coast of Somalia and the Gulf of Guinea has alarmed African states and, more so, the international community. 5

Security Challenges Terrorism, Piracy and Political Instability Money-Laundering, Illegal Arms and Drug Trafficking Illegal Oil Bunkering Human Trafficking Insufficient Enforcement Assets/Domain Awareness

Growth Challenges Securing Inland Waterways Insufficient/Insecure Commercial Ports Sub-Optimal Transport Integration Hydrography and Marine Cartography

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Environmental Challenges Threat to Renewable and Non-Renewable Resources Natural Disasters Toxic Waste Disposal Climate Change Health Challenges Theft of Renewable Resources

Organisational Challenges Priorities & Resources Visible Return on Investment Co-operation Agreements and Legal/Jurisdiction

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UNCLOS 1982: Maritime ZonesUNCLOS 1982: Maritime Zones

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Patrol Vessels

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Search and Rescue Hydrography Policing: Enforcement of State Authority at Sea:

Anti-piracy, Anti-terrorism Anti-smuggling (narcotics, weapons, humans, etc) Resource protection, Illegal Immigration Pollution Control

Military: Surveillance Protection of Offshore Platforms Flag Verification Protection of Commercial Trade

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AcquisitionDesign &

SpecificationsCosts/Affordability

CommonalitySupportability

Life Cycle ManagementDepot SparesMaintenance

SchedulesCosts

PersonnelNumbers

Competency LevelsTraining

Command & ControlAvailability

Fit for PurposeIntegrated

Maintenance & Repair

Levels of MaintenanceObsolescence

AvailabilityCosts

OperationAvailability

CostsEndurance

Operational Test &

EvaluationAcceptance

MedicalSickbay

SensorsRadar, IR,

Optical, EW

Navigation

WECDIS/GPS

PropulsionSpeed: 20 – 25

knotsRange: 6000 nm

2 MEs & CPP

Sea-KeepingRSA EEZ

3 -7 metre10 metre

Accommodation

Ship’s Company: 40-60

Specialist: 36Trainees: 20

Endurance

21 days

Containerised Multi-MissionAt Least 4 Containers

Command & Control

Communications

Flightdeck

Helicopter (medium)

ArmamentMain: 30 -40

mmClose-In

Protection SeaboatsInterceptor &

Seaboat

Acquisition Start up Disposal

LIFE (YEARS)

Design, Develop, Purchase

Construction

CA

SH

FLO

W

Operation

Maintenance

Development

Disposal

Life-cycle ConceptsLife-cycle Concepts

20%80%

Acquisition Start up Disposal

LIFE (YEARS)

Design, Develop, Purchase

Construction

CA

SH

FLO

W

Operation

Maintenance

Development

Disposal

Life-cycle ConceptsLife-cycle Concepts

A

B

Serial

Projected Acquisition

Cost of Patrol Vessel (20%)

Life Cycle Costs (80%)

Average Annual Life Cycle Costs over 30 years

1 $ 60 million $240 million

$8 million

2 $ 80 million $320 million

$10.67 million

3 $ 100 million $400 million

$13.34 million

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20Complexity of Naval Mission

Cap

ital A

cqui

sitio

n C

osts

Search & Rescue

Protection of Marine Resources

Anti-Smuggling Operations

Anti-Piracy Operations

Limited Combat Operations

Special Operations

DiplomaticBenign

Policing

Military

Complexity of Platform

Sustainable, especially when deployed, patrol capability

Network-Enabled Command and Control Supported by Reconnaissance & MDA Robust, reliable, simple to operate Rapid-Reaction: availability Hostile boarding capability Inter-Operability Self-Protection

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Sovereign Rights and Responsibilities

Joint Efforts Economy of Scale Simplicity Sustainability “Fit for Purpose” Multi-Mission

Affordable Inter-

Operability

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Regional Joint Maritime PatrolRegional Joint Maritime Patrol Support ConceptSupport Concept

Joint Training Centre/sJoint Spares Depot/s

Maintenance & Repair Centres

Recognise the Requirement/Threat Horizontal and Vertical Integration of effort Maritime Domain Awareness: “The Key” Commonality : Joint Project Teams Acquisition versus Operating versus

Sustainment Recognition of Sovereign Rights and

Responsibilities Pragmatic

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The enforcement of the Authority of the State at sea can only be done by Naval/Coast Guard vessels operating in our Maritime Zones

To be supported by: Maritime Domain Awareness Pragmatic Rules of Engagement Judicial Systems that work Sustainable Life Cycle Management Co-operative Agreements Integration of Effort

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“This presentation is dedicated to those men and women who brave the

mighty sea in the legal exploration and exploitation of the oceans, to the

benefit of mankind, and those who have pledged to uphold the notion of the freedom of the seas and innocent

passage.

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“This is Africa’s moment to leave a legacy for ourThis is Africa’s moment to leave a legacy for ourPeople and to make historyPeople and to make history””

Dr Jean PingChairperson of the AUC