oedipus the king - kenai peninsula borough school...

44
Oedipus the King

Upload: vuongtram

Post on 14-Apr-2018

226 views

Category:

Documents


6 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Oedipus the King

Page 2: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex• probably the most famous tragedy ever written. 

• It is known by a variety of titles (the most common being Oedipus Rex), including Oedipus the Kingand Oedipus Tyrannus. 

Page 3: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Ancient Greek TragedySophocles first produced the play in Athens around 430 B.C. at the Great Dionysia, a religious and cultural festival held in honor of the god Dionysus, where it won second prize. In the play Oedipus, King of Thebes, upon 

Page 4: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Ancient Greek Theatre.flv 

• Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vNAM3Pz

Gcow&feature=related

Page 5: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus
Page 6: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Three Theban plays: Not a trilogy• Oedipus the King  Oedipus at ColonusAntigone.

• Antigone was first performed in 442 BCE.• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE.

• Oedipus at Colonus was written shortly before Sophocles' death in 406 BC and produced by his grandson (also called Sophocles) at the Festival of Dionysus in 401 BCE.

Page 7: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

People and places to know:

• Oedipus• Jocasta• Laius• Polybus• Corinth

• Sphinx• Teiresias (Tiresias )• Apollo• Delphi• Mount Cithaeron• Thebes

Page 8: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus
Page 9: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

a winged female monster in Greek mythology having a woman's head and a lion's body and noted for killing anyone 

unable to answer its riddle

Page 10: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

an ancient Egyptian image in the form of a recumbent lion having a man's head, a ram's head, or a hawk's head

Page 11: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus
Page 12: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

The structure of Greek Tragedy

• Prologue,• Parodos, entry chant of the

chorus• First Episode, Scene 1• First Stasimon, choral

comment about events so far

• Second Episode, Scene 2• Second Stasimon, choral

comment

• Third Episode, Scene 3• Third Stasimon, choral

comment• Fourth Episode, Scene 4• Fourth Stasimon, choral

comment • Exodos,

Page 13: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus
Page 14: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Introduction

The setting of the Oedipus the King as in the case of most Greek tragedies, does not require a change of scene. Throughout the play the skene with at least one door represents the facade of the royal palace of Thebes.

Page 15: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Prologue  ‐ Oedipus, Priest and Creon

Page 16: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Prologue, (Priest, Oedipus, Creon)

• The priests of Thebes appear before Oedipus as suppliants, entreating him to find some end to the plague.

• Oedipus has already sent Creon to Delphi, who arrives to report that the killer of Laius must be sought out and banished.

• Oedipus vows to find the killer and summons the people of the city.

Page 17: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Prologue (1‐150) ‐ Oedipus, Priest and Creon

• What is the purpose of the prologue?

• How does Oedipus characterize himself?

• What is his attitude toward the suppliants (priest and children)?

Page 18: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Pollution/ miasma 

• blood pollution that infects the family, and for a royal family the city itself

• The Plague of Thebes, oil on canvas,

Charles François Jalabeat (French,

1819-1901)

Page 19: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Oedipus

• "Oidi‐pous“ in Greek means "swollen footed”

• Man of action, caring but haughty “whom all men call the Great” 

• Seeker of the truth• Solver of riddles

Page 20: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Parodos ,  Choral Comment

• The Chorus of Theban citizens offer prayers to Zeus, Apollo, Athena for release from the plague.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2wcqRm_loB0&feature=related

Page 21: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Delphi

• The Pythia was the priestess at the Temple of Apollo at Delphi, located on the slopes of Mount Parnassus.

Page 22: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Priestess of Delphi(1891) by John 

Collier

Page 23: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

chorus is an "act‐dividing song":

–allows for entrances and exits –allows for the scene to change –marks the passage of time–chorus comments directly or indirectly on what is going on

Page 24: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

First Episode , Scene I

Page 25: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

First Episode , 216‐462.

• Oedipus appeals for information and pronounces his curse on the murderer. 

• Teiresias is summoned: at first he refuses to tell what he knows, but aroused by Oedipus' taunts he declares Oedipus the murderer. 

• Oedipus declares a conspiracy by Creon. Teiresias declares that the murderer is present, and will be found son and husband to his mother.

Page 26: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

First Episode ‐ Oedipus, Chorus and Teiresias

• Explain three ironies in Oedipus's speech. • Dramatic Irony – when the audience knows

more than the character• Verbal Irony – character words that have a

deeper meaning to the audience than the character

• Situational Irony – difference with what is expected to happen and what actually happens

Page 27: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

I must know. Know thyself!

• But knowing is itself problematic in Oedipus: central to the text is not only what is known and by whom, but what it means to "know"-- what is "true" knowing.

• Insight and blindness

Page 28: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Apollo versus Oedipus: • divine versus human knowledge• Apollo

– sun, day, clear, blazing, burning – fever, blazing, burning: sender of plague and the Healer

– intelligence, clear, seeing –brilliance, poetry– truth (knowledge), clear, seeing –divine prophecy, clear, seeing 

Page 29: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Prophet/ Tiresias

• South Italian Red‐figure bowl. Detail: Tiresias seated holding sacrificial knife as Odysseus (left) stands by him 

Page 30: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

First Stasimon, Choral comment

• What is the Chorus's view of Teiresias's accusations against Oedipus ?

Page 31: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Suffering= pathos• What has Oedipus done to deserve

such awful suffering? Why must he suffer?

Page 32: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Tragedy=an aesthetic question mark

• The dramatic expression of an inquiry into suffering, an aesthetic question mark performed in enacted pain.

• While representing an instance of suffering in dramatic form, always asks why it has occurred.

• Pathology= the study of diseases• Etiology= the causes of diseases or a study of causes

Page 33: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

hubris

• "ungodly pride" (hubris) or "tragic flaw"(hamartia)

Page 34: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

First Stasimon , choral comment

• The Chorus are fearful of the pronouncement of the seer, but declare their loyalty to their king.

Page 35: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Second Episode , Scene 2(Creon, Oedipus, Chorus; Jocasta)

Page 36: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Second Episode , (Creon, Oedipus, Chorus; Jocasta)

• Creon is indignant at Oedipus' accusations. • They argue over the charge. Jocasta tries to intervene. • The Chorus advise restraint and Oedipus lets Creon

go, though he declares him an enemy. Oedipus tells Jocasta the source of the dispute.

• Jocasta tells the story of Laius' death, and Oedipus recognizes many details: but he was a lone killer, whereas a band of killers was reported.

• Oedipus worries about the oracle; Jocasta denounces its truth, sharing about the prophesy about her son.

Page 37: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Second Stasimon , Chorus comments

Page 38: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Second Stasimon , (Chorus)

• Ode to the sanctity of divine law. • The tyrant who ignores justice and reverence for the gods will fall. 

• The oracles must be true.

Page 39: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Third Episode , Scene 3(Jocasta, Messenger, Chorus; Oedipus)• A messenger arrives from Corinth announcing the death of Polybus and Oedipus' rise to the throne of Corinth. 

• He eases Oedipus' fear of the oracle (that he will marry his mother) by telling him of his true birth. 

• Over Jocasta's objections Oedipus vows to continue his search for the truth. Jocasta runs into the palace.

Page 40: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Third Stasimon , Chorus Comments

• Ode to Mt. Cithaeron: we will soon know the parentage of Oedipus.

Page 41: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Fourth Episode , Scene 4(Oedipus, Shepherd, Chorus)

• The shepherd arrives who exposed the infant of Laius and escaped when Laius was killed. Oedipus' parentage becomes clear. Oedipus rushes into the palace.

Page 42: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Fourth Stasimon , Chorus Comments

• No man is blest: happiness is but an illusion, for even the great power and blessings of Oedipus have come to a fall.

Page 43: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Exodos ,  (Messenger, Chorus; Oedipus, Creon

Page 44: Oedipus the King - Kenai Peninsula Borough School …sbishop.blogs.kpbsd.k12.ak.us/files/2016/01/PDF-Oedipus-the-King.pdf• Oedipus the King was first performed c. 429 BCE. • Oedipus

Exodos , (Messenger, Chorus; Oedipus, Creon)

• A messenger announces the suicide of Jocasta and the self‐inflicted blinding of Oedipus. Oedipus appears to lament his fate. Creon appears. 

• Oedipus begs him to take care of his children; Antigone and Ismene (mute) arrive to comfort their father. Creon persuades Oedipus to return to the palace, and assumes the kingship.