oecd at #cop21€¦ · è countdown to #cop21 #cop21 le bourget paris 2015 30 november - 11...
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I N S I D E . . .1. Countdown to #COP21 - dates, events, products2. OECD #COP21 Workspace - timetable 3. Key #COP21 Outputs 20154. OECD Contributions to #COP215. #COP21 Contacts
O E C D A T# C O P 2 1
oe.cd/cop21
è C O U N T D O W N T O # C O P 2 1#TOP 21 daTes, evenTs & PrOducTs : sePTember TO december
16 Septemberagriculture for climate conference, Paris Jointly organised by OECD and France - public policies & practices
8 September climate change experts Group Forum (ccXG), Paris Papers on transparency, non-state actors, INDCs, mitigation cycles
21 Septemberreport Launch, Paris Inventory of Estimated Budgetary Support & Tax Expenditures for Fossil Fuels
21-27 Septemberun climate Week & summit on sdGs, new York OECD Secretary General Angel Gurría participating
5 Octoberreport launch, Paris Policy Approaches to droughts and floods in Agriculture
26 Octoberreport launch, Paris Environment at a Glance 2015
7 Octoberclimate Finance ministerial meeting, Lima Report by OECD & Climate Policy Initiative on Climate Finance and the USD 100 Billion
3 Novemberreport launch, Paris Economic Consequences of Climate Change (CIRCLE)
16 Octoberroundtable of mayors and ministers, mexico city The Metropolitan Century: Policies for Resilient & Inclusive Cities
19-23 Octoberad Hoc Working Group on durban Platform for enhanced action (adP 2-11), bonn OECD CCXG participation
20 Octoberreport launch, bonn Climate Change Mitigation: Policies and Progress
è C O U N T D O W N T O # C O P 2 1
#COP21 Le bourget ParIs 2015
30 November - 11 December
OECD
AT #COP21#TOP 21 daTes, evenTs & PrOducTs : sePTember TO december
Oecd report
Oecd engagement
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13 November
countdown to #cOP21, Paris Media event showcasing key OECD contributions to #COP21
17-18 NovemberIea ministerial meeting, Paris Report launch: IEA World Energy Outlook (10 Nov)
7-9 December6th edition of the International new York Times energy for Tomorrow, Paris OECD Secretary General Angel Gurría participating
15-17 NovemberG20 summit, antalya OECD Secretary General Angel Gurría participating
9 Novemberreport launch, Paris OECD Economic Outlook (with chapter on climate change)
15 Novemberreport launch, Paris Abating Carbon Emissions through Price-based Policies
19 NovemberLong-term Investment Financing conference, Paris Jointly organised by OECD & Euromoney featuring a session on clean energy finance
9 DecemberHigh-level breakfast “Institutional Investors & Low-carbon Transition”, Paris Launch of Policy Perspectives on Green Banks & Green Bonds
6 December6th annual World climate summit: road to Paris, solutions for cOP21, Paris OECD Secretary General Angel Gurría participating
9 DecemberPathway to a Low-carbon economy, Oecd & university of cambridge side-event, Paris OECD Secretary General Angel Gurría participating
è O E C D # C O P 2 1 W O R K S P A C E
oe.cd/cop21/events
WEEK 1 WEEK 2MONDAY
30/11/2015TUESDAY 1/12/2015
WEDNESDAY 2/12/2015
THURSDAY 3/12/2015
FRIDAY 4/12/2015
SATURDAY 5/12/2015
MONDAY 7/12/2015
TUESDAY 8/12/2015
WEDNESDAY 9/12/2015
THURSDAY 10/12/2015
FRIDAY 11/12/2015
MORNING 1 (9.15-10.45)
Climate policy, industrial structure and GHG emissions: An application of multi-regional IO analysis
Oecd
National Adaptation Plans:Changing the way we work and benchmarking success
unITed naTIOns deveLOPmenT PrOGramme (undP)
Innovation targeting the finance sector: Building climate performance into investment
cLImaTe-KIc
China’s National ETS: Implications for carbon market developments
InTernaTIOnaL cenTre FOr Trade and susTaInabLe deveLOPmenT (IcTsd)
Making the case for ecosystem-based adaptation
unITed naTIOns deveLOPmenT PrOGramme (undP) andWOrLd resOurces InsTITuTe (WrI)
Avoiding Dangerous Climate Change: Achieving 2⁰C
GranTHam InsTITuTe
Fidiciary duty - Event title to be confirmed
Oecd
Energy efficiency and climate change
scHneIder eLecTrIc
MORNING 2 (11.15-12.45)
Progress towards tracking public and private climate finance
Oecd
How can the 2015 agreement encourage climate action by non-Party stakeholders?
Oecd
From global commitments to local solutions: Integrating gender equality in climate change action
Oecd
Getting the house in order: Aligning policies for a low-carbon economy
Oecd
Non-mitigation target related INDC content
German deveLOPmenT InsTITuTe (dIe)
Effective carbon rates: Pricing CO2 through taxes & Emissions Trading Systems
Oecd
Unlocking investment in clean energy
Oecd
Flying clean: limiting the CO2 emissions from international aviation
InTernaTIOnaL TransPOrT FOrum (ITF)
Getting the most out of corporate climate change disclosure
Oecd
Why the climate needs nuclear energy
nucLear enerGY aGencY (nea)
LUNCH (13.15-14.45)
Identifying and Addressing Gaps in the UNFCCC Reporting Framework
Oecd
Capacity building through climate change officials networking
unITed naTIOns envIrOnmenT PrOGramme (uneP)
Rewiring electricity policy for the low-carbon economy
Oecd
District energy and the energy transition
unITed naTIOns envIrOnmenT PrOGramme (uneP)
Delivering effective climate and sustainable development solutions
Oecd
Transition to a green investment world
nOrdIc cOuncIL OF mInIsTers and Oecd
Climate change, children and civil society
unITed naTIOns cHILdren’s Fund (unIceF) and Oecd
Why the climate needs nuclear energy
nucLear enerGY aGencY (nea)
AFTERNOON 1 (15.15-16.45)
Climate change mitigation: Policies and progress
Oecd
Lessons learned on INDC implementation and MRV
rIcardO enerGY & envIrOnmenT
Green growth and sustainable urban development
Oecd
Defining water resilient actions to climate change
ParTenarIaT FrançaIs POur L'eau
Green investment banks: Leveraging innovative public finance to scale up low-carbon investment
Oecd and bLOOmberG LP
Energy subsidies in the EU Eastern Partnership Countries
Oecd
New technologies, innovative data sources: Managing disasters in developing countries
ParIs21
Accelerating innovation through energy technology collaboration
InTernaTIOnaL enerGY aGencY (Iea)
Using data to track the energy transition
InTernaTIOnaL enerGY aGencY (Iea)
AFTERNOON 2 (17.15-18.45)
Multilateral development banks and climate finance
WOrLd banK
Mitigating the climate change impacts of urban travel
InTernaTIOnaL TransPOrT FOrum (ITF)
Mainstreaming adaptation into development planning
Oecd
Unequal costs of climate change: Regional economics of impacts and adaptation
Oecd
Integrated sustainable mobility in cities: A practical approach
WOrLd busIness cOuncIL FOr susTaInabLe deveLOPmenT(Wbcsd)
Equity impacts of carbon pricing and subsidy removal
Oecd
Beyond climate: Major envrionmental challenges - what do the indicators tell us?
Oecd
è O E C D # C O P 2 1 W O R K S P A C EHall 3, Room 7: Le Bourget - blue Zone
OECD
AT #COP21
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WEEK 1 WEEK 2MONDAY
30/11/2015TUESDAY 1/12/2015
WEDNESDAY 2/12/2015
THURSDAY 3/12/2015
FRIDAY 4/12/2015
SATURDAY 5/12/2015
MONDAY 7/12/2015
TUESDAY 8/12/2015
WEDNESDAY 9/12/2015
THURSDAY 10/12/2015
FRIDAY 11/12/2015
MORNING 1 (9.15-10.45)
Climate policy, industrial structure and GHG emissions: An application of multi-regional IO analysis
Oecd
National Adaptation Plans:Changing the way we work and benchmarking success
unITed naTIOns deveLOPmenT PrOGramme (undP)
Innovation targeting the finance sector: Building climate performance into investment
cLImaTe-KIc
China’s National ETS: Implications for carbon market developments
InTernaTIOnaL cenTre FOr Trade and susTaInabLe deveLOPmenT (IcTsd)
Making the case for ecosystem-based adaptation
unITed naTIOns deveLOPmenT PrOGramme (undP) andWOrLd resOurces InsTITuTe (WrI)
Avoiding Dangerous Climate Change: Achieving 2⁰C
GranTHam InsTITuTe
Fidiciary duty - Event title to be confirmed
Oecd
Energy efficiency and climate change
scHneIder eLecTrIc
MORNING 2 (11.15-12.45)
Progress towards tracking public and private climate finance
Oecd
How can the 2015 agreement encourage climate action by non-Party stakeholders?
Oecd
From global commitments to local solutions: Integrating gender equality in climate change action
Oecd
Getting the house in order: Aligning policies for a low-carbon economy
Oecd
Non-mitigation target related INDC content
German deveLOPmenT InsTITuTe (dIe)
Effective carbon rates: Pricing CO2 through taxes & Emissions Trading Systems
Oecd
Unlocking investment in clean energy
Oecd
Flying clean: limiting the CO2 emissions from international aviation
InTernaTIOnaL TransPOrT FOrum (ITF)
Getting the most out of corporate climate change disclosure
Oecd
Why the climate needs nuclear energy
nucLear enerGY aGencY (nea)
LUNCH (13.15-14.45)
Identifying and Addressing Gaps in the UNFCCC Reporting Framework
Oecd
Capacity building through climate change officials networking
unITed naTIOns envIrOnmenT PrOGramme (uneP)
Rewiring electricity policy for the low-carbon economy
Oecd
District energy and the energy transition
unITed naTIOns envIrOnmenT PrOGramme (uneP)
Delivering effective climate and sustainable development solutions
Oecd
Transition to a green investment world
nOrdIc cOuncIL OF mInIsTers and Oecd
Climate change, children and civil society
unITed naTIOns cHILdren’s Fund (unIceF) and Oecd
Why the climate needs nuclear energy
nucLear enerGY aGencY (nea)
AFTERNOON 1 (15.15-16.45)
Climate change mitigation: Policies and progress
Oecd
Lessons learned on INDC implementation and MRV
rIcardO enerGY & envIrOnmenT
Green growth and sustainable urban development
Oecd
Defining water resilient actions to climate change
ParTenarIaT FrançaIs POur L'eau
Green investment banks: Leveraging innovative public finance to scale up low-carbon investment
Oecd and bLOOmberG LP
Energy subsidies in the EU Eastern Partnership Countries
Oecd
New technologies, innovative data sources: Managing disasters in developing countries
ParIs21
Accelerating innovation through energy technology collaboration
InTernaTIOnaL enerGY aGencY (Iea)
Using data to track the energy transition
InTernaTIOnaL enerGY aGencY (Iea)
AFTERNOON 2 (17.15-18.45)
Multilateral development banks and climate finance
WOrLd banK
Mitigating the climate change impacts of urban travel
InTernaTIOnaL TransPOrT FOrum (ITF)
Mainstreaming adaptation into development planning
Oecd
Unequal costs of climate change: Regional economics of impacts and adaptation
Oecd
Integrated sustainable mobility in cities: A practical approach
WOrLd busIness cOuncIL FOr susTaInabLe deveLOPmenT(Wbcsd)
Equity impacts of carbon pricing and subsidy removal
Oecd
Beyond climate: Major envrionmental challenges - what do the indicators tell us?
Oecd
Release date
Title Description Associated event
3 Feb Public Interventions and Private Finance Flows: Empirical Evidence from Renewable Energy Financing - WORKING PAPER
econometric study of private finance mobilisation for renewable energy
research collaborative workshop, 16 march
9 Feb Mapping Channels to Mobilise Institutional Investment in Sustainable Energy REPORT
analyses barriers faced by institutional investors to clean energy investment
G20 Finance ministers and central bank Governors meeting, 9-10 February
19 Feb Estimating Private Climate Finance Mobilisation: Methodological Approaches, Options and Trade-offs - WORKING PAPER
analyses key decision points involved in estimating publicly mobilised private finance and assesses a range of methodological options to address these
research collaborative workshop, 16 march
27 Feb Policy Guidance for Investment in Clean Energy Infrastructure: Expanding Access to Clean Energy for Green Growth and Development - REPORT
Provides guidance on domestic investment policy frameworks for increasing investment in clean energy infrastructure
27 Mar Impacts of Carbon Prices on Indicators of Competitiveness: A Review of Empirical Findings WORKING PAPER
Literature review on the empirical effects of carbon prices and energy taxes on competitiveness
15 April National Climate Change Adaptation: Emerging Practices in Monitoring and Evaluation REPORT
reviews recent developments in climate adaptation monitoring and evaluation, including four case studies: Germany, mozambique, nepal & uK
Joint Oecd dac-ePOc Task Team on climate change and development co-operation, 20 april
1 May The Distributional Effects of Energy Taxes WORKING PAPER
analytical paper assessing the distributional effects of energy taxes on households in 21 Oecd countries
1 May The Role of the 2015 Agreement in Enhancing Adaptation to Climate Change WORKING PAPER
analytical paper exploring how the 2015 agreement can help to foster enhanced polices and co-ordinated planning for greater resilience and adaptation capabilities at the national level
climate change experts Group Forum (ccXG), 17-19 march
12 May Competitiveness Impacts of the German Electricity Tax WORKING PAPER
analytical paper evaluating the competitiveness effects of the German electricity tax in the manufacturing sector
5 June Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change: A Role for Public Policies - WORKING PAPER
Identifies practical actions that governments could take to improve adaptation in the agriculture sector
9 June Overcoming Barriers to International Investment in Clean Energy REPORT
Takes stock of policy restrictions to international investment in solar Pv and wind energy and discusses the impacts of local-content requirements
Oecd launch event, Paris
19 June Corporate Carbon Reporting Schemes: Impacts on business and investor behaviour WORKING PAPER
discusses the impacts of corporate carbon reporting schemes
Oecd Global Forum on responsible business conduct, 18-19 June
25 June Taxing Energy Use 2015 - OECD and Selected Partner Economies REPORT
systematic statistics of effective tax rates on energy for each Oecd country and 7 selected partner economies
International Tax dialogue, 1 July
3 July Aligning Policies for the Transition to a Low-Carbon Economy REPORT
This horizontal project identifies the policy misalignments that could hamper the effectiveness of low-carbon policies, and provides policy guidance on how to resolve the problems
1. Oecd ministerial meeting, 2-4 June
2. Oecd sG speech at Lse, 3 July
7 July Climate Change Risks and Adaptation: Linking policy and economics REPORT
analysis of the risk-management tools and techniques for implementing climate adaptation plans
Our common Future under climate change, 7-10 July
Aug/ Sept
1. Climate Change Adaptation and Development Policy and Planning
2. What enables effective international climate finance in the context of development co-operation?WORKING PAPERS
describes how development planning and policy can enhance resilience in developing counties, how adaptation is integrated into development planning & how development finance supports these efforts
Presents the results of a survey exploring the current understanding of what makes international climate finance effective, focusing on climate-related development finance
5 Aug Review of the Literature on the Cost-effectiveness of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measure for Agriculture - WORKING PAPER
reviews the literature on the cost-effectivnes of GHG agricultural mitigation measures
1 Sept Nuclear Energy and Addressing Climate Change GLOSSY
Outlines nuclear energy’s role, alongside other low-carbon technologies, in helping to limit the increase of global temperatures to 2°c between now and 2100
# C O P 2 1 : K E Y O U T P U T S 2 0 1 5
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# C O P 2 1 : K E Y O U T P U T S 2 0 1 5Release date
Title Description Associated event
5 Sept Issues relating to nationally-determined contributions for mitigation - WORKING PAPER
short Q&a document on issues relating to nationally-determined contributions for mitigation
1 June(presented to ministers)
5 Sept Stock-take of OECD DAC Members’ Reporting Practices on Environment-related Official Development FInance and Reporting to the Rio Conventions WORKING PAPER
Presents the results of a survey of dac member’s reporting practices to environment-related Official development Finance and on reporting to the rio conventions, including how members are tracking and reporting climate-related development finance
5 Sept Corporate Carbon Reporting Schemes: Impacts on business and investor behaviourWORKING PAPER
discusses the impacts of corporate carbon reporting schemes
Oecd Global Forum on responsible business conduct
21 Sept Inventory of Estimated Budgetary Support and Tax Expenditures for Fossil Fuels REPORT & DATABASES
report and associated database identifies, documents and estimates more than 600 measures supporting the production or use of fossil fuels in Oecd countries and a selection of non-member economies
Oecd launch event, Paris
5 Oct Policy Approaches to droughts and floods in agriculture REPORT
Proposes a framework to identify and analyse appropriate policy responses to improve management of drought and flood risks in agriculture
Oecd launch event, Paris
7 Oct Climate Finance in 2013-14 and the USD 100 billion goalREPORT
estimates public and private climate finance in relation to the unFccc commitment by developed countries in 2010 to mobilise usd 100 billion per year by 2020 to address the needs of developing countries
annual meetings of the World bank (WbG) and International monetary Fund (ImF) Lima
15 Oct Climate Change: Assessment of the Vulnerability of Nuclear Power Plants and Cost of Adaptation - REPORT
assesses the impact of climate change, notably extreme weather events and increasing temperatures, on the operation and safety of nuclear power plants
20 Oct Climate Change Mitigation: Policies and Progress REPORT
compares key climate change mitigation trends and policy settings amongst countries. shows key emissions and energy trends, climate and energy policy settings, as well as energy-related taxation and subsidies for 44 countries
Launched in the margins of ad Hoc Working Group on durban Platform for enhanced action, bonn
26 Oct Environment at a Glance 2015REPORT
The update to this “reference point” for environmental data for the Oecd and beyond includes a special focus on climate change in the context of #cOP21
Oecd launch, Paris
3 Nov Economic Consequences of Climate Change (CIRCLE) REPORT
Identifies how feedback from poor environmental quality, climatic change and resource scarcity affect economic growth, and how policies may alter this.
Oecd launch, Paris
9 Nov OECD Economic Outlook REPORT
Includes a special chapter on climate change Oecd launch, Paris
10 Nov IEA World Energy OutlookREPORT
Presents energy projections to 2040 Iea ministerial meeting, 17-18 nov
15 Nov Abating Carbon Emissions through Price-based Policies - REPORT
Presents indicators for the Oecd and for selected partner economies
15-17 Nov Green Investment BanksPOLICY PERSPECTIVES
Green Investment banks can complement core climate and investment policies
G20 Leaders summit
20 Nov Incorporating climate effects in transport appraisal: Valuation of carbon, discounting, risk and uncertainty - REPORT
Presents techniques to deal with risk in transport appraisals, such as risk-adjusted discount rate
20 Nov Estimating mobilised provate finance for adaptation: Exploring data and methods WORKING PAPER
estimating mobilised private finance for adaptation: exploring data and methods
21 Nov Transport infrastructure adaptation to extreme weather and climate change - REPORT
Operational guidance on designing robust adaptation strategies framework for improved project appraisal
22 Nov Mitigation of CO2 emissions from aviation REPORT
assesses potential impact in reducing cO2 emissions
25 Nov Cities in China and India: Impacts of policy on CO2 emissions REPORT
blueprint for nationally appropriate mitigation actions (namas) to deliver passenger transport cO2 reductions
26 Nov OECD Observer special edition featuring action on climate change in the lead up to #cOP21
Oecd cOP21 Workspace, Le bourget
1 Dec OECD Reviews of Clean Energy Investment Policy: Jordan - REPORT
country case study to apply the Policy Guidance for Investment in clean energy Infrastructure
Oecd launch event, Paris
2 Dec Scaling-up Bond Markets for Green Infrastructure InvestmentPOLICY PERSPECTIVES
analyses the potential, barriers and policy solutions for scaling up green bonds in their various different forms
High-level breakfast “Institutional Investors & Low-carbon Transition”
1 . T A C K L I N G T E C H N I C A L I S S U E S C O N F R O N T I N G I N T E R N A T I O N A L N E G O T I A T I O N S
Climate Change Expert Group• The Oecd is working on a range of technical issues that
are being discussed in international negotiations towards a 2015 climate change agreement through the Climate Change Expert Group (CCXG).
Feeding into UNFCCC processes• The CCXG provides a platform for government delegates
and experts from developed and developing countries to enable dialogue and enhance understanding of issues feeding into unFccc processes. It holds two seminars per year and develops papers on technical issues relevant to the negotiations in consultation with a wide range of countries. The Oecd provides the secretariat for the group, together with the International Energy Agency (IEA).
Hands-on• In the lead up to cOP21 CCXG has undertaken work on:
• design and elements of a 2015 agreement. • climate finance.• Post-2020 accounting framework.
P U B L I C A T I O N S A N D E V E N T S
• Working Paper on Estimating Private Climate Finance Mobilisation (march)
• The Role of the 2015 Agreement in Enhancing Adaptation to Climate Change (may)
• A stock-take of OECD DAC Members’ reporting practices on environment-related Official Development Finance and reporting to the Rio Conventions (June)
• Climate Change Experts Group Forum and Meeting (CCXG) (17-19 march and 7-9 september)
2 . P R O M O T I N G E F F E C T I V E M I T I G A T I O N P O L I C Y
Policy instruments• climate change mitigation depends on coherent and
credible market signals that the price of greenhouse gas emissions will increase over time. The Oecd is working to support governments in implementing least-cost emissions reduction policies such as taxes, tradable permit systems and the elimination of subsidies for fossil fuels.
Fossil-fuel subsidies • The Oecd is updating its Inventory of Estimated
Budgetary Support and Tax Expenditures for Fossil Fuels in 2015 to promote transparency and accountability for environmentally-harmful subsidies. The report Climate Change Mitigation: Policies and Progress to be launched in november will draw on OECD Economic Surveys to provide an overview of mitigation policy settings and emissions trends in Oecd countries and partner economies in the context of countries’ international climate commitments.
Taxes on energy products• a number of policy instruments, such as energy taxes,
carbon taxes and emissions trading systems can put a price on emissions. Taxes on energy products amount to around 70% of all revenues from environmentally related tax revenue in Oecd countries. Taxing Energy Use: A Graphical Analysis (2013) and Taxing Energy Use 2015: OECD and Selected Partner Economies help governments understand price signals from current tax systems and how they might be better geared to support the low-carbon transition.
Climate-economy modelling• The Oecd’s ongoing Costs of Inaction and Resource
scarcity: Consequences for Long-term Economic growth (cIrcLe) project is working to identify how feedback from climate change will affect economic growth and quantify benefits of policy action.
P U B L I C A T I O N S A N D E V E N T S• Taxing Energy Use 2015 – OECD and Selected Partner
Economics (June) • Inventory of Estimated Budgetary Support and Tax
Expenditures for Fossil Fuels (2015 update, september)• Climate Change Mitigation: Policies and Progress
(October)• Economic Consequences of Climate Change
(november)• Effective carbon rates: Pricing CO2 through taxes and
emissions trading systems (december)
O e c d c O n T r I b u T I O n s T O # c O P 2 1 . . .
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3 . A L I G N I N G P O L I C I E S F O R T H E L O W - C A R B O N T R A N S I T I O N
Looking across policy areas• since almost all economic activities generate
greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), climate policy interacts with policies in many more areas. Its policy instruments, and the economic signals they create, overlay and interact with the goals and instruments of existing policy frameworks. The result can be frictions, unintended consequences or even actively conflicting policy objectives. core climate policies are therefore essential, but not sufficient to effectively tackle climate change. Governments must look across policy areas and examine how to better align policies for a successful economic transition to low-carbon economies.
Correcting policy misalignments• several misalignments in existing policy frameworks
currently hinder the transition to low-carbon economies. They exist in core, cross-cutting economic policy domains (investment, taxation, innovation and international trade), as well as policy governing specific areas that are fundamental to the transition (electricity systems, water infrastructure, urban mobility and rural land use). correcting them is likely to significantly improve the effectiveness of climate policies.
Including other ministries• The Oecd, jointly with the Iea, ITF and nea, is
providing first guidance to governments – including ministries insufficiently mobilised in developing and implementing climate-response strategies to date – on alignment of policy and regulatory frameworks with climate goals.
P U B L I C A T I O N S A N D E V E N T S
• Aligning Policies for a Low-Carbon Economy (June) • OECD Forum and Ministerial Council Meeting with
IdeaFactory session on climate, carbon, cOP21 and beyond (2-4 June)
O e c d c O n T r I b u T I O n s T O # c O P 2 1 . . .
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4 . I N V E S T I N G I N A N D F I N A N C I N G T H E L O W - C A R B O N T R A N S I T i O N
Institutional investors• a major shift in investment patterns is needed to meet
international climate goals. That shift will depend on effective policy to channel private-sector finance in favour of low-carbon investment, particularly in infrastructure sectors. The Oecd is advising countries on domestic policy frameworks for low-carbon investment and how to engage institutional investors – a particularly promising, but currently inactive source of finance.
Policy guidance• The report on Policy Guidance for Investment in Clean
Energy Infrastructure: Expanding Access to Clean Energy for Green Growth and Development advises governments across investment policy, investment promotion and facilitation, energy-market design and competition policy, financial market policy and governance of energy-market institutions.
Barriers to international investment• Governments also need to pay attention to barriers
to international investment, such as local content requirements, that may hinder low-carbon infrastructure investment. Overcoming Barriers to International Investment in Clean Energy provides guidance to governments on possible impacts of such barriers in solar and wind energy, and how to avoid them in designing support policies for low-carbon energy.
Channels for low-carbon investments• Traditional sources of low-carbon investments such as
governments and banks face increasing constraints in the wake of the economic crisis. alternative sources are needed to compensate. Mapping Channels to Mobilise Institutional Investment in Sustainable Energy guides policy makers on the processes and channels through which institutional investors make low-carbon investments, and how to facilitate them.
P U B L I C A T I O N S A N D E V E N T S • Mapping Channels to Mobilise Institutional
Investment in Sustainable Energy (February) • Policy Guidance for Investment in Clean Energy
Infrastructure (march)• Overcoming Barriers to International Investment in
Clean Energy (may)• OECD Global Forum on Responsible Business (June)
• Nuclear New Build: Insights Into Financing and Project Management (June)
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6 . T R A C K I N G C L I M A T E F I N A N C E - S U P P O R T I N G A C C O U N T A B I L I T Y A N D T R U S T
Measurement & reporting systems for climate finance• Tracking private and public climate finance flows is
essential to monitoring progress in the international effort to address climate change, but there are significant data, methodological and knowledge gaps. The Oecd is contributing to more transparent and comprehensive international measurement and reporting systems for climate finance in developing countries. The OECD’s Development Assistance Committee (DAC) collects statistics and monitors development finance targeting climate change mitigation and adaptation using the “rio markers”. dac statistics capture an integrated picture of bilateral and multilateral climate-related development finance flows from 2013, and activity-level data is publicly available online. efforts are ongoing to improve data quality, coverage, communication and use. In 2015, the OECD DAC is also conducting a survey with development finance actors on private finance mobilised by syndicated loans, shares in collective investment vehicles and guarantees.
Tracking Private Climate Finance• The Oecd also leads a Research Collaborative on
Tracking Private Climate Finance. The initiative brings together relevant research organisations, international finance institutions and interested governments to help identify, develop and assess options for measuring private climate finance flows to, between and in developing countries, and determine private flows mobilised by public interventions.
P U B L I C A T I O N S A N D E V E N T S • Climate-related development finance in 2013:
Improving the statistical picture• Climate-related development finance statistics
www.oecd.org/dac/stats/rioconventions.htm • A stock-take of OECD DAC Members’ reporting
practices on environment-related Official Development Finance and reporting to the Rio Conventions (June)
• Climate finance in 2013-14 and the USD 100 billion goal (October)
• Estimating Private Climate Finance Mobilisation: Methodological Approaches, Options and Trade-offs
5 . A D D R E S S I N G P O L I T I C A L C H A L L E N G E S A S S O C I A T E D W I T H C L I M A T E A C T I O N
Social objectives• climate change mitigation policy is likely to encounter
political opposition if policy reforms do not take careful account of any social impacts of reform, including potential consequences for households, labour markets and firms. social objectives should be considered and pursued as an integral part of policy design, to ensure the transition is inclusive.
Distributional effects of energy taxes• concern about potential adverse equity impacts is a
major obstacle to energy tax reform, but evidence of actual effects is scarce. To help inform policy making and communication with the public, work is being undertaken to advance understanding of distributional effects of energy taxes based on experience in 21 Oecd countries. The Oecd is also undertaking modelling work to assess potential distributional consequences of fossil- fuel subsidy reform. The work highlights the importance of redistributive schemes to households.
Competitiveness impacts of reform• Potential competitiveness impacts of mitigation
policy can also represent a major stumbling block to reform. assessing the extent of any unintended losses – and whether measures such as multilateral policy co-ordination are warranted – means understanding how the economy as a whole will likely adjust to new environmental regulation. recent and forthcoming work supports governments to this end, based on empirical evidence. The work suggests that competitiveness impacts of reform appear to be largely overstated by industry.
P U B L I C A T I O N S A N D E V E N T S• Working Paper on Distributional Impacts of Energy
Subsidy Reform in Indonesia (april)• Working Paper on Impacts of Carbon Pricing on
Indicators of Competitiveness (april)• Working Paper on Competitiveness Impacts of the
German Electricity Tax (may)• Working Paper on The Distributional Effects of
Energy Taxes (may)
O e c d c O n T r I b u T I O n s T O # c O P 2 1 . . .
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d e v e l o p m e n t / c l i m a t e - c h a n g e - d e v e l o p m e n t . h t m
7 . A D A P T I N G T O C L I M A T E C H A N G E I M P A C T S
Monitoring & strengthening adaptation & risk management• climate change mitigation efforts need to move hand-in-
hand with policies and incentives to adapt to the effects of climate change. countries are scaling up preparations: more than 75% of Oecd countries have either published, or are developing, national adaptation strategies. Oecd countries are also working to better integrate climate change adaptation into development co-operation and supporting partner countries in building climate resilience.
Managing risk• To reduce risks arising from climate change and improve
the management of those risks that remain, countries must identify the range of potential risks, characterise them, explore and choose policy options, and monitor and evaluate risk management measures. The Oecd is supporting this process by providing evidence of the costs and benefits of adaptation, guidance on financing required investments and tools to help them measure progress.
Sectoral adaptation: agriculture, energy, water and transport• The sectoral level is crucial for implementing adaptation.
The Oecd, Iea, nea and ITF are working to support adaptation through the integration of adaptation into their sectoral analyses and policy guidance. For example, the Oecd is assisting countries to advance strategic investment in water infrastructure, institutions and information to safeguard growth against the effects of climate change.
P U B L I C A T I O N S A N D E V E N T S• National Climate Change Adaptation: Emerging
Practices in Monitoring and Evaluation (april) • Securing Water, Sustaining Growth (april) • Water and Cities: Ensuring sustainable futures (april)• Water Allocation: Sharing risks and opportunities
(april)• Climate Change Risks and Adaptation: Linking Policy
and Economics (July)• Integrating Climate Change Adaptation into
Development Policy and Planning (september)• Climate Change: Assessment of the Vulnerability
of Nuclear Power Plants and Cost of Adaptation (september)
O e c d c O n T r I b u T I O n s T O # c O P 2 1 . . .
w w w . o e c d . o r g / e n v i r o n m e n t / c c /a d a p t a t i o n . h t m
OECD
AT #COP21
Oecd . 11
w w w . o e c d . o r g / t a d / s u s t a i n a b l e - a g r i c u l t u r e / a g r i c u l t u r e - a n d - c l i m a t e - c h a n g e . h t m
8 . A G R I C U LT U R E A N D I T S R O L E F O R C L I M A T E C H A N G E
Sustainable food production• To address climate change issues, agriculture has a key role
to play given both its high vulnerability to climate change and its significant contribution to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
Adaptation in agriculture• climate change is already affecting agriculture and
is expected to further impact directly and indirectly food production. a report The role of public policies in promoting adaptation in agriculture guides policy makers to identify practical actions that governments can take to improve farmers’ resilience to future climate change and to avoid sending signals supporting practices that increase exposure to climate change risks.
Mitigation practices • agricultural activities are responsible for about 24% of
global GHG emissions (including deforestation) and could thus take part in the global mitigation effort. a Review of the Literature on the Cost-Effectiveness of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measure for Agriculture identifies a number of potential mitigation practices in the agricultural sector, several of which appear to be highly cost-effective across Oecd countries.
Climate smart agriculture • despite a growing recognition of the need to
simultaneously pursue productivity growth, climate change adaptation and mitigation, these objectives continue to be approached in isolation. The Oecd workshop Coherent Policies for Climate Smart Agriculture will initiate and facilitate a discussion regarding the consistency of the signals sent by public policies regarding those three objectives.
P U B L I C A T I O N S A N D E V E N T S • Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change: A Role for
Public Policies (June)• Workshop on Coherent Policies for Climate Smart
Agriculture (June)• Review of the Literature on the Cost-Effectiveness of
Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Measure for Agriculture (august)
Oecd . 11
O E C D P U B L I C A T I O N S O N C L I M A T E C H A N G E
C l i m a t e c h a n g e 2 0 1 5The Economic Consequences of Climate Change Oecd Publishing, Paris.dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264235410-en.
Climate Finance in 2013-14 and the USD 100 Billion GoalOecd Publishing, Paris.www.oecd.org/env/cc/oecd- cpi-climate-finance-report.htm.
Drying Wells, Rising Stakes: Towards Sustainable Agricultural Groundwater UseOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264238701-en.
Climate Finance in 2013-14 and the USD 100 billion goal
A report by the OECD in collaboration with Climate Policy Initiative
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Aligning Policies for a Low-Carbon Economy Oecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264233294-en.
OECD Companion to the Inventory of Support Measures for Fossil Fuels 2015Oecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264239616-en.
Disaster Risk Financing: A Global Survey of Practices and ChallengesOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264234246-en.
Climate Change Disclosure in G20 Countries: Stocktaking of Corporate Reporting SchemesOecd Publishing, Paris,www.oecd.org/investment/corporate-climate-change-disclosure-report.htm.
Climate Change and Tourism Policy in OECD CountriesOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264119598-en.
Climate Change Mitigation: Policies and Progress Oecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264238787-en.
Climate Change Risks and Adaptation: Linking Policies and EconomicsOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264234611-en.
Climate Change, Water and Agriculture: Towards Resilient SystemsOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264209138-en.
Cool Policy: Climate Change Mitigation Supporting GrowthChapter for Economic OutlookOecd Publishing, Paris,www.oecd.org/eco/outlook/cool-policy-climate-change-mitigation-supporting-growth.pdf.
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I n v e s t m e n t
T a x
Overcoming Barriers to International Investment in Clean Energy, Green Finance and Investment Oecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264227064-en.
Taxing Energy Use 2015:OECD and Selected Partner Economies Oecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264232334-en.
Impacts of Carbon Prices on Indicators of Competitiveness: A Review of Empirical Findings Oecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/5js37p21grzq-en.
Please cite this paper as:
Arlinghaus, J. (2015), “Impacts of Carbon Prices on Indicatorsof Competitiveness: A Review of Empirical Findings”, OECDEnvironment Working Papers, No. 87, OECD Publishing,Paris.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5js37p21grzq-en
OECD Environment Working PapersNo. 87
Impacts of Carbon Prices onIndicators ofCompetitiveness
A REVIEW OF EMPIRICAL FINDINGS
Johanna Arlinghaus
JEL Classification: H23, H32, Q54, Q58
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Please cite this paper as:
Flues, F. and B. Johannes Lutz (2015), “CompetitivenessImpacts of the German Electricity Tax”, OECD EnvironmentWorking Papers, No. 88, OECD Publishing, Paris.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5js0752mkzmv-en
OECD Environment Working PapersNo. 88
Competitiveness Impacts ofthe German Electricity Tax
Florens Flues, Benjamin Johannes Lutz
JEL Classification: D22, H21, H23, Q41, Q48
Policy Guidance for Investment in Clean Energy Infrastructure: Expanding Access to Clean Energy for Green Growth and DevelopmentOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264212664-en.
Taxing Energy Use:A Graphical AnalysisOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264183933-en.
Competitiveness Impacts of the German Electricity TaxOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/5js0752mkzmv-en.
Mapping Channels to Mobilise Institutional Investment in Sustainable Energy, Green Finance and InvestmentOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264224582-en.
Climate Change Disclosure in G20 Countries: Stocktaking of Corporate Reporting SchemesOecd Publishing, Paris, www.oecd.org/daf/inv/mne/report-on-climate-change-disclosure-in-G20-countries.pdf.
The Diesel Differential:Differences in the Tax Treatment of Gasoline and Diesel for Road UseOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5jz14cd7hk6b-en.
Effective Carbon Rates on Energy: OECD and Selected Partner CountriesOecd Publishing, Paris,www.oecd.org/tax/tax-policy/effective-carbon-rates-on-energy.htm.
The Distributional Effects of Energy Taxes Oecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5js1qwkqqrbv-en.
Please cite this paper as:
Harding, M. (2014), “The Diesel Differential: Differences in theTax Treatment of Gasoline and Diesel for Road Use”, OECDTaxation Working Papers, No. 21, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5jz14cd7hk6b-en
OECD Taxation Working Papers No. 21
The Diesel Differential
DIFFERENCES IN THE TAX TREATMENT OFGASOLINE AND DIESEL FOR ROAD USE
Michelle Harding
Please cite this paper as:
Flues, F. and A. Thomas (2015), “The distributional effects ofenergy taxes”, OECD Taxation Working Papers, No. 23,OECD Publishing, Paris.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5js1qwkqqrbv-en
OECD Taxation Working Papers No. 23
The distributional effects ofenergy taxes
Florens Flues, Alastair Thomas
JEL Classification: H23, Q40, Q52
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Effective Carbon PricesOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264196964-en.
14 . FinanCing ClimatE ChangE aCtiOn
P U B L I C A T I O N S O N C L I M A T E C H A N G E . . . C T D
oe.cd/climatepubs
D e v e l o p m e n tBiodiversity and Development Co-operationOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/5js1sqkvts0v-en.
Financing for Development in Support of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Oecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/5js03h0nwxmq-en.
Partnership for Climate Finance and Development 2014 Oecd Publishing, Paris,www.oecd.org/dac/environment-development/FInaL%20Partnership%20for%20climate%20Finance%20and%20development%202014.pdf.
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Development Co-operation Report 2014: Mobilising Resources for Sustainable DevelopmentOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/dcr-2014-en.
International Standards for Responsible Business in Conflict-Affected and Fragile Environmentswww.pbsbdialogue.org/media/filer_public/d2/0f/d20f62af-4e2a-4c11-9626-d34b1a70c4cf/id-rbc.pdf.
Public Interventions and Private Climate Finance Flows: Empirical Evidence from Renewable Energy FinancingOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/5js6b1r9lfd4-en.
The Role of the 2015 Agreement in Mobilising Climate FinanceOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/5js03h9ztlbr-en.
Towards Green Growthin Southeast AsiaOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264224100-en.
Development Co-operation Report 2015: Making Partnerships Effective Coalitions for ActionOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/dcr-2015-en.
Estimating Mobilised Private Climate Financewww.oecd.org/env/researchcollaborative/mObILIsed%20PrIvaTe%20cLImaTe%20FInance%202015%20-%20Policy%20Perspectives%20sm%2006.03.15%20Web.pdf.
Multilateral Aid 2015:Better Partnerships for a Post-2015 WorldOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264235212-en.
National Climate Change Adaptation:Emerging Practices in Monitoring and Evaluation Oecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264229679-en.
OECD . 15
P U B L I C A T I O N S O N C L I M A T E C H A N G E . . . C T D
R e l a t e d r e p o r t sTowards Green Growth? Tracking ProgressOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264234437-en.
The Cost of Air Pollution: Health Impacts of Road TransportOecd Publishing, Paris, dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264210448-en.
Farmer Behaviour, Agricultural Management and Climate ChangeOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264167650-en.
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OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050: The consequences of Inaction Oecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264235199-en.
Cities and Climate ChangeOecd Publishing, Paris,http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264091375-en.
Fostering Green Growth in Agriculture: The Role of Training, Advisory Services, and Extension InitiativesOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264232198-en.
Greener Skills and Jobs for a Low-Carbon FutureOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264208704-en.
Space Technologies and Climate ChangeOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264054196-en.
Environment at a Glance 2015: OECD Indicators Oecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264235199-en.
Effective Carbon PricesOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264196964-en.
Water and Climate Change Adaptation: Policies to Navigate Unchartered WatersOecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264200449-en.
Greening Household Behaviour: Overview from the 2011 Survey Oecd Publishing, Paris,dOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1787/9789264214651-en.
16 . FinanCing ClimatE ChangE aCtiOn
MEDIA [email protected]
[email protected] - Oecd environment director
[email protected] - Oecd environment deputy-director
[email protected] - Head, climate, biodiversity & Water, Oecd
[email protected] - Head, environment and economy Integration, Oecd
CLIMATE CHANGE, ADAPTATION, DEVELOPMENT
CLIMATE NEGOTIATIONS INCLUDING INDCS, TRANSPARENCY,
TRACKING CLIMATE FINANCE
CLIMATE FINANCE AND INVESTMENT
MITIGATION POLICIES
ENERGY TAxES AND CARBON PRICING
FOSSIL-FUEL SUBSIDIES
ALIGNING POLICIES FOR A LOW-CARBON ECONOMY
MONITORING CLIMATE-RELATED DEVELOPMENT FINANCE
CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE
AGRICULTURE AND CLIMATE CHANGE
#C O P 2 1 C O N T A C T S
oe.cd/cop21
#COP21 @OECD_ENV #OECDCOP @OECD