oclc online computer library center me, my space & eye: sharing, privacy and trust in the...

OCLC Online Computer Library Center

Me, My Space & Eye: Sharing, Privacy and Trust in the Networked World

Alane Wilson

Computers in Libraries

April 16, 2007


OCLC Reports

http://www.oclc.org/reports


Me, mine, ours Individual-driven content rising:

Personal publishing (web pages/Blogs)

Digital images/video (flickr, Picasa, YouTube)

cataloging, tagging. (e.g., del.icio.us, furl, digg, LibraryThing)

The Network as community

Online gaming, VOIP, chat

Community authorship - open content (Wikipedia), open source software

Myspace, Facebook, Twitter: personal presence services

Instant verification:

RSS, blogs, search engines, online news, opinion sites, fact-checking sites, etc. post and process news and opinion swiftly

The wisdom of the crowd

Google’s Page-Rank uses “link-love” to rank value

Amazon recommendations

“hive mind”


Driven by Ubicomp

Ubiquitous computing names the third wave in computing, just now beginning. First were mainframes, each shared by lots of people. Now we are in the personal computing era, person and machine staring uneasily at each other across the desktop. Next comes ubiquitous computing, or the age of calm technology, when technology recedes into the background of our lives." Mark Weiser

The purpose of a computer is to help you do something else.

The best computer is a quiet, invisible servant.

The more you can do by intuition the smarter you are; the computer should extend your unconscious.

Technology should create calm.

In Designing Calm Technology, Weiser and John Seeley Brown describe calm technology as "that which informs but doesn't demand our focus or attention".


Survey Respondents – by Geography

Link

Canada

United States

United KingdomGermany

846France

821Japan

804

921

1,8011,801

970970

Total: 6,163


Q525:Thinking of your overall usage of the Internet, how many years would you estimate you have been using the Internet?

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Less than one year

1 to 3 years

4 to 6 years

7 to 10 years

More than 10 years

I don't remember

Total General PublicTotal U.S. RespondentsLibrarians


The Culture of PaperQ515: Overall, how much time do you estimate you spend reading on a weekly basis? (Including books, magazines, online Web sites, blogs, etc.)

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45%

Fewer than 5 hours

5 to 10 hours

11 to 20 hours

21 to 30 hours

More than 30 hours



Q520: During the last 12 months, has the amount you have read in any format increased, decreased or remained the same?

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Increased

Remained the same

Decreased



Q850. Do you have a current library card?

General Public By Country And Age

U.S. 18+

U.S14-17

Can 18+

Can 14-17

U.K. 18+

U.K. 14-17

Fr 18+

Fr 15-17

Ger 18+

Ger 15-17

Jpn 18+

Jpn 14-17

Base 1,660 141 731 190 767 203 717 104 734 112 700 104

Yes 61% 72% 57% 66% 55% 69% 29% 34% 30% 45% 55% 72%

No 37% 23% 40% 30% 41% 27% 69% 59% 69% 51% 41% 18%

Not sure 2% 4% 2% 4% 4% 4% 3% 7% 1% 4% 3% 10%


Q855. During the past 12 months, how often did you go to the library either in person or online?

General Public By Country

Total U.S. Canada U.K. France Germany Japan

Base 6,163 1,801 921 970 821 846 804

Daily 1% 2% 2% 1% 0% 0% 2%

Weekly 9% 9% 12% 8% 9% 7% 6%

Monthly 13% 13% 12% 12% 16% 11% 11%

6 to 10 times in the last 12 months

10% 12% 11% 8% 9% 8% 7%

2 to 5 times in the last 12 months

16% 20% 15% 16% 10% 9% 10%

Once in the last 12 months 7% 7% 7% 9% 4% 7% 6%

I have not been to a library and/or library Web site in the last 12 months but have visited in the past

27% 28% 31% 35% 23% 35% 18%

I have never been to the library and/or library Web site

17% 7% 10% 11% 29% 22% 40%


Q870. Which library do you primarily use?

General Public By Country


Base 5,034 1,653 819 854 576 670 462

Public library 74% 74% 76% 80% 64% 64% 78%

Academic/University library

10% 10% 10% 8% 17% 18% 5%

School library 9% 10% 9% 6% 8% 10% 9%

Library from Q865 3% 2% 2% 3% 4% 4% 5%

Community College library

2% 3% 2% 2% 1% 3% 1%

Corporate (company) library

2% 2% 2% 1% 6% 2% 2%

LinkLink


Q530: Online Activities

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120%

Accessed business-related social networkingsites (e.g., LinkedIn, SelectMinds, etc.)

Blogged or wrote an online diary/journal

Borrowed items or searched for specific itemsthrough the library Web site

Browsed for information using a search engine(e.g., Google, Yahoo , Ask.com, etc.)

Contributed information to other's Webpage(s)/site(s)

Created Web page(s)/site(s)

Read online (electronic) books



Q530: Online Activities (continued)

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Read someone's blog

Sent or received e-mails

Sent or received instant messages

Used a social media site (e.g., Flickr, Snapfish, Shutterfly,YouTube, etc.)

Used a social networking site (e.g., MySpace, Friendster,Xanga, Facebook, Classmates.com, etc.)

Used an online question service (e.g., Yahoo Answers, ask-a-librarian service, Google Answers, etc.)

Used chat rooms



Q530: Online Activities-Librarians

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Accessedbusiness-

related socialnetworkingsites (e.g.,LinkedIn,

SelectMinds,etc.)

Blogged orwrote an online

diary/journal

Borroweditems or

searched forspecific items

through thelibrary Web

site

Browsed forinformation

using a searchengine (e.g.,

Google, Yahoo, Ask.com,

etc.)

Contributedinformation toother's Web

page(s)/site(s)

Created Webpage(s)/site(s)

Read online(electronic)

books

Readsomeone's

blog

Total Librarians

Librarians Age 49 or Younger

Librarians Age 50 or Older

Social Networking: Yes Social Networking: No


Q530:Online Activities-Librarians (continued)

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Sent or received e-

mails

Sent or received

instant messages

Used a social media

site (e.g., Flickr,

Snapfish, Shutterfly,

YouTube, etc.)

Used a social

networking site

(e.g., MySpace,

Friendster, Xanga,

Facebook,

Classmates.com,

etc.)

Used an online

question service

(e.g., Yahoo

Answers, ask-a-

librarian service,

Google Answers,

etc.)

Used chat rooms

Total Librarians

Librarians Age 49 or Younger

Librarians Age 50 or Older

Social Networking: Yes Social Networking: No


Privacy Dilemma

"Privacy has no one single meaning in society; it has many…privacy has legal, institutional, consumer, medical, workplace, telecommunications and a vast number of other venues in which it plays a role. Consequently, we must live and work in a tapestry of privacy.”

Robert O. Mason. “A Tapestry of Privacy: A meta-discussion.”


Privacy1 vs Privacy2

Privacy1: Ensuring that your personal information doesn’t fall into the wrong hands. (“Confidentiality”)

Privacy2: The ability to go about your daily life

without leaving a trail; the ability to read (speak, attend meetings, etc.) anonymously. (“Anonymity”)


Privacy

A Poll on Campaign Finance

Proposition 1:Who are our political candidates taking money from? This should be public information.(Agree/Disagree?)

Proposition 2:What political candidates are you giving money to? This should be public information.(Agree/Disagree?)

Steve Worona, EDUCAUSE


Q765: Which of the following types of information have you ever supplied about yourself when you were browsing for and/or purchasing music, movies, books and other retail items?


E-mail address

First name

Last name

Street address

Birthday (month, date and year)

Telephone number

Credit and/or debit card information

Subjects of interest (e.g., hobbies, music, articles/journals, etc.)

Cell phone number

Income

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

None of the above

Books you have read

Associations you belong to

Social security number

LinkLink


Q725:Which of the following types of information have you ever supplied about yourself on social media Web site(s)?

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%


First name


Marital/relationship status

E-mail address

Last name

Physical attributes (e.g., height, weight, etc.)

Street address

Telephone number

Cell phone number

Income




0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

Q725:Which of the following types of information have you ever supplied about yourself on social media Web site(s)? (continued)


Photos/videos

Personality attributes (e.g., caring, shy, outgoing, etc.)

Sexual preference

Books you have read

Religious affiliation


Political affiliation

Self-published information

Health information

None of the above



Q625: Which of the following types of information have you ever supplied about yourself on social networking Web site(s)?


0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%


First name


Marital/relationship status

E-mail address

Last name

Physical attributes (e.g., height, weight, etc.)

Street address

Telephone number

Cell phone number

Income



Q625:Which of the following types of information have you ever supplied about yourself on social networking Web site(s)? (continued)



Photos/videos

Personality attributes (e.g., caring, shy, outgoing, etc.)

Sexual preference

Books you have read

Religious affiliation


Political affiliation

Self-published information

Health information

None of the above

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%LinkLink


Q1091_4. For each of the following types of information you may have provided at the library, please indicate which of the following you would be willing to share.Items borrowed from the libraryBase: Used Library In Person Or Online

Q1091_4: General Public By Country


Base 5,099 1,667 830 861 587 684 470

With no one 36% 38% 40% 38% 33% 22% 39%

To set up my personalized services

15% 13% 15% 15% 18% 24% 16%

To receive notification based on my interests

14% 13% 17% 15% 14% 21% 11%

To receive free or discounted goods or services

10% 9% 12% 10% 15% 14% 8%

To connect with others with similar interests

6% 5% 7% 7% 9% 5% 8%

With anyone else using the site

2% 2% 2% 3% 5% 1% 1%

Not sure 17% 18% 13% 14% 12% 13% 19%

Not applicable 11% 11% 9% 12% 11% 14% 6%


Q1171_1. For each of the following types of information that can be provided at the library, please indicate which of the following you think your users would be willing to share.Their searching/browsing activities from the library Web site or resources

By Type Of Library Librarians By Age

Librarians By Use Of Social Ntwk/Media/

Business Sites

Librarians Total Public

Academic Other

49 Yrs Old Or Younge

r

50+ Yrs Old Yes No

Respondents 382 209 161 13 128 254 179 203

With no one 43% 46% 39% 46% 39% 45% 44% 42%

To set up personalized services 18% 17% 19% 15% 21% 17% 22% 14%

To receive notification based on their interests

16% 15% 17% 0% 17% 15% 16% 15%

To connect with others with similar interests

9% 8% 11% 0% 9% 9% 8% 10%

To receive free or discounted goods or services

7% 6% 9% 0% 10% 6% 7% 7%

With anyone else using the site 2% 2% 2% 0% 3% 2% 2% 2%

Not sure 26% 23% 29% 38% 29% 25% 25% 27%

Not applicable 1% 2% 1% 0% 1% 2% 1% 1%


Q881_1. Who do you think should have access to your records with respect to the following library information?Your online searching/browsing patterns

Q881_1: General Public By Country And Age

U.S. 18+

U.S. 14-17

Can 18+

Can 14-17

U.K. 18+

U.K. 14-17

Fr 18+

Fr 15-17

Germ 18+

Germ 15-17

Japan18+

Japan 14-17

Base 1,534 133 650 180 671 190 503 84 585 99 412 58

Librarians 7% 18% 11% 11% 16% 12% 7% 2% 13% 12% 15% 12%

Anyone 3% 7% 2% 9% 2% 4% 4% 4% 5% 4% 11% 11%

Other organizations/groups

2% 4% 3% 6% 2% 2% 4% 1% 3% 5% 3% 7%

No one 72% 52% 69% 60% 66% 61% 74% 77% 61% 61% 38% 33%

Not sure 10% 14% 11% 11% 9% 13% 6% 7% 11% 9% 19% 24%

Not applicable

6% 9% 6% 3% 6% 9% 6% 10% 9% 9% 15% 14%


Q966_3 In general, when using social networking Web sites, how frequently do you...Provide information online that you might not provide in person?Base: Used Social Networking Site

General Public By Country And Age

U.S. 18+

U.S. 14-17

Can 18+

Can 14-17

U.K. 18+

U.K. 14-17

Fr 18+

Fr 15-17

Ger 18+

Ger 15-17

Japan18+

Japan 14-

17

Base 563 87 191 99 148 119 78 8 95 23 167 23

Always 2% 4% 1% 6% 2% 1% 0% 0% 0% 5% 3% 0%

Often 5% 5% 3% 5% 4% 6% 13% 0% 4% 0% 9% 3%

Sometimes 16% 22% 18% 27% 22% 28% 21% 18% 38% 32% 39% 28%

Rarely 31% 24% 35% 22% 26% 28% 22% 56% 24% 22% 23% 25%

Never 41% 40% 41% 36% 39% 32% 37% 12% 28% 34% 8% 42%

Not sure 2% 4% 2% 3% 4% 3% 2% 0% 0% 0% 15% 0%

Not applicable 3% 1% 1% 1% 3% 2% 5% 14% 6% 7% 3% 1%


Q1085:Thinking about the library you primarily use, how strongly do you agree or disagree with each of the statements?

60%

54%

48%

41%

34%

32%

18%

63%

58%

51%

45%

37%

33%

19%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

I trust the library

I have the samepersonality online as I

do in person

The longer I use thelibrary in person, the

more I trust it

I trust the people Imeet in the library

I prefer to remainanonymous

The longer I use thelibrary Web site(s),

the more I trust it

I trust the people Imeet through the

online library

Total U.S. RespondentsLibrarians


Q1066_5: Considering the library you primarily use, please rate the degree to which you agree or disagree with the following statements about its online Web site: It has rules on how my personal information will be used.

53%strongly agree orsomewhat agree

12%neither agreenor disagree

3% somewhat disagree

24%not sure

8%not

applicable29%

stronglyagree

24%somewhat

agree

1% strongly disagree

Total General Public


Q911: Please rate how private, if at all, the following information is to you.


Books you have read

Subjects of interest to you (e.g., hobbies,music, articles/journals, etc.)

Items you have checked out online from thelibrary

Items you have browsed for at an onlinebookstore

Items you have browsed for in person at abookstore

Items you have checked out in person fromthe library

Subjects you searched while using thelibrary Web site

Subjects you searched while at the library

Items you have purchased from a bookstorein person

Items you have purchased from an onlinebookstore

Subjects you have searched on theInternet

Library card number

Social security number or other governmentissued personal identification number

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%


Q926:For each of the following, please rate how private, if at all, your activity is while using…


0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Online banking/investment Web sites

E-mail at home

Land line telephones at home

Cell phones

Search engines

Social networking Web sites

Social media Web sites

Cable TV

Online bookstores

A library Web site

The library's print collections


Q1076: In thinking about privacy, how important, if at all, is it to you that the library you primarily use would keep ...? Base: General Public

Q1161: Q1161: Please rate how private, if at all, you feel the following information is to your users. Base: Librarians


0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

A policy on privacy

Your information requested from a librarian in person private

Your information requested from the librarian online private

Your items that you borrowed from the library in person private

Your items that you borrowed from the library online private

Your personal information private

Your searching/browsing patterns on the library Web site or other online services private

Your searching/browsing patterns while at the library in person private


Q971:Thinking about the social networking Web sites you use, how strongly do you agree or disagree

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

I have the same personality online as I do in person

These Web site(s) help build new relationships

These Web site(s) help maintain my current relationships

The longer I use the Web site(s), the more I trust it

I prefer to remain anonymous when using the Web site(s)

I trust the Web site(s)

I trust the people I meeton the sites

Total U.S. RespondentsLibrarians

LinkLink


Q1210:Library's role to build a social networking siteBase: Use the library

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

General Public Total U.S. Respondents Librarians

Not SureNoYes


What They Said - Why do you think that it should not be the library’s role to build social networking sites in your community?

I don't know. What I do know is that this survey is way too long, and asking the same questions over and over again. Female 20, Canada

Libraries are for collecting and sharing books and other works. That is all. Female, 14 Canada

Their job is to provide books, that’s all. Male 78, US

la bibliothèque a un rôle social, certes mais a comme but essentiel le prêt de livres[The library has a social role, sure but the essential purpose is to lend books.] Female 16, France

Because I think a library is about storing, lending books etc,the more they diversify the worse the service seems to get, they seem to forget their core service to be seen as 'trendy‘ Female 74, UK

The library is there to lend books, not anything else. Libraries are one of the few things left which haven't been too taken over as yet by technology. Female, 17 UK

[Because I think that a library has no business doing that.] Male 18, Japan


What They Said - Why do you think that it should not be the library’s role to build social networking sites in your community?

ich bestimme meine sozialen Kontakte selbst, dafür brauche ich zuallerletzt die Bibliothek[I determine my social contacts myself. A library is the last place I would go for that.] Male 16, Germany

Because there's plenty of other people and organisations that can do that. Libraries should be about knowledge and learning, not social networking. Besides, libraries aren't 'cool', so it likely wouldn't be a big hit. Female 16, UK

[The duty of a library is the lending out of and referencing of books, and other things are useless.] Male 52, Japan

they are in the business of providing access to information, not access to other people! Male 48, US

The library is a place to go to gain knowledge not find your next wife. Many of the libraries are publically funded so I don't want my money going towards such a program. Male 20, Canada

Libraries are publicly funded and could be doing better things eg more books. Male 69, UK


What We Said - Why don't you think it should be the library's role to build social networking sites for your community?

It takes too much of the librarian's time---like this survey. (70)

In our library, it would not be used. Our students are apathetic. In a public library, this may be useful and beneficial for the community. Even in a larger academic library it may work for a library to have a myspace presence, but I don't think it would work here. (31)

The only capacity in which I should have a role is for marketing, current awareness, and solicitation for collection development ideas. Otherwise, I have more important things to spend my time on. (42)

We should not reinvent the wheel; successful social networking sites already exist. However, we can take the best parts of social networking sites and incorporate them into our own sites for our own community of users.(32)

In spite of all the 'Library 2.0' BS floating around these days, I do not feel that social networking is a legitimate function of the library. We have PLENTY of other collections and services to keep us busy providing to the public. I simply do not find social network a useful addition to that. (55)


What We Said - Why don't you think it should be the library's role to build social networking sites for your community?

We've tried. The community prefers the anonymity of commercial sites. In a small town, no matter what your avatar may be--you are known. (60)

social networking isn't one of our purposes (33)

Because the library is designed to collect, organize and disseminate materials that meet the needs of its users. It also has a responsibility to protect the privacy of people using those materials. Social networking sites built by the library would violate that privacy responsibility. However, if users wanted to create a social networking site, the library could have a place within that site as a resource -- just as it does in the 'real' community. (62)

We have a written internet policy against using chat rooms, networking sites, etc. (55)

I don't view libraries as a social environment. A shared environment maybe, but not social. We are about connecting individual users to information - not connecting users with users.(43)

I work in a seminary (53)


Either/Or or And?


Thank you! More to Come!All OCLC reports are available for download at http://www.oclc.org/reports.

This report’s website http://

www.oclc.org/reports/privacyandtrust/default.htm

Alane – [email protected]

oclc online computer library center me, my space & eye: sharing, privacy and trust in the...

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