Ocean Ocean EnvironmentEnvironmentRoxana Nevarez, Damaris Roxana Nevarez, Damaris

Chavez, Jack Behenna, David Chavez, Jack Behenna, David Quintero Quintero

The ocean is divided into The ocean is divided into twotwo general environments. The general environments. The two two general environments are the general environments are the benthicbenthic and the and the pelagicpelagic environments. environments.

The Benthic EnvironmentThe Benthic Environment

The The benthic benthic environment is classified environment is classified into into fivefive zones. The zones. The intertidal zoneintertidal zone is the is the shallowest of the benthic environment. The shallowest of the benthic environment. The sublittoral zonesublittoral zone is where most of the is where most of the organisms live in the shallowest part of the organisms live in the shallowest part of the benthic environment. The benthic environment. The bathyal zonebathyal zone is is another zone that starts at the continental another zone that starts at the continental slope and extends all the way to 4,000 m in slope and extends all the way to 4,000 m in depth.The depth.The abyssal zoneabyssal zone is the zone where is the zone where there is no light at all, this zone starts when there is no light at all, this zone starts when the bathyal zone ends. The the bathyal zone ends. The hadal zonehadal zone is is where the ocean trenches are at.where the ocean trenches are at.

Pelagic EnvironmentPelagic Environment

The pelagic The pelagic environment is environment is classified into 2 zones. classified into 2 zones. Those zones are neritic Those zones are neritic and oceanic zone. The and oceanic zone. The neritic zone is the zone neritic zone is the zone located near the located near the continental slope. The continental slope. The oceanic zone is where it oceanic zone is where it extends into the deep extends into the deep and open ocean waters. and open ocean waters. By the continental By the continental slope. slope.

AquacultureAquaculture

Aquaculture is the Aquaculture is the farming of the farming of the ocean. It is very ocean. It is very important for food important for food production. production. Aquaculture is Aquaculture is basically basically developing and developing and raising special raising special breeds of marine breeds of marine animals and plants. animals and plants.

Ocean PollutionOcean Pollution

The pollution in the The pollution in the ocean can cause a ocean can cause a great danger to great danger to animals.animals.

It cause dead to It cause dead to clam and oyster clam and oyster beds.beds.

Birds can be Birds can be involved to like; involved to like; tangled with plastic tangled with plastic products.products.

Ocean PollutionOcean Pollution

Pollution in the ocean is a major problem Pollution in the ocean is a major problem that is affecting the ocean and the rest of that is affecting the ocean and the rest of the earth.the earth.

The Benthic zone is connected to this The Benthic zone is connected to this most of the animals that birds get most of the animals that birds get affected by the lead and DDT.affected by the lead and DDT.

There Oil spills, toxic wastes, and There Oil spills, toxic wastes, and dumping of other harmful materials are dumping of other harmful materials are all major sources of the pollution in the all major sources of the pollution in the ocean.ocean.

Ocean FoodOcean Food *Diatoms/are microscopic *Diatoms/are microscopic

plants that make their own food plants that make their own food from sunlight.from sunlight.

*Zooplankton/are tiny sea *Zooplankton/are tiny sea animals , such as animals , such as krill,copepods,medusa jellyfish, krill,copepods,medusa jellyfish, and crab larvae.and crab larvae.

*Small fish/might include *Small fish/might include mackerel,herring,and basking mackerel,herring,and basking sharks,as well as crustaceans sharks,as well as crustaceans [crab,shrimp,lobster,mollusks,cl[crab,shrimp,lobster,mollusks,cl

ams,scallops and squid].ams,scallops and squid]. *Large fish/might include *Large fish/might include

swordfish,tuna,octopus,and swordfish,tuna,octopus,and shark.shark.

*Killer whales/eat other whales *Killer whales/eat other whales and seals as well as fishand seals as well as fish

What the Ocean Gives usWhat the Ocean Gives usThe ocean provides us with food, energy and minerals. It allows us to The ocean provides us with food, energy and minerals. It allows us to

swim, sail in boats, surf and other activities. The ocean helps swim, sail in boats, surf and other activities. The ocean helps regulate the air temperature and supplies moisture for rainfall.regulate the air temperature and supplies moisture for rainfall.

Food provided by the ocean is fish, shellfish, and seaweed. Kelp, a Food provided by the ocean is fish, shellfish, and seaweed. Kelp, a kind of seaweed, provides kind of seaweed, provides alginalgin, which is used as a thickening in ice , which is used as a thickening in ice cream, salad dressing and cosmetics.cream, salad dressing and cosmetics.

Fish farming, or Fish farming, or aquacultureaquaculture, is increasing in western countries. It has , is increasing in western countries. It has beenbeen practiced in Asian countries for hundreds of years. Fish practiced in Asian countries for hundreds of years. Fish farmers raise fish, shellfish and seaweeds in special ponds or along farmers raise fish, shellfish and seaweeds in special ponds or along the seashore.the seashore.

The ocean is an important source of food and other resources. Since The ocean is an important source of food and other resources. Since well before recorded history, humans have used the sea as a well before recorded history, humans have used the sea as a source of food. While only 5% of the protein consumed by world source of food. While only 5% of the protein consumed by world populations comes from the sea, it is still an important contribution populations comes from the sea, it is still an important contribution to the diet of millions of the world's inhabitants. In 1996, Americans to the diet of millions of the world's inhabitants. In 1996, Americans ate an average of 15 pounds of seafood per person. ate an average of 15 pounds of seafood per person.

What is distillation?What is distillation?

Distillation is the process in which Distillation is the process in which ocean water is heated until it evaporates in ocean water is heated until it evaporates in order to separate fresh water from dissolved order to separate fresh water from dissolved salts. although this process requires a great salts. although this process requires a great deal of costly energy. Because it cost a lot of deal of costly energy. Because it cost a lot of energy, another good method is energy, another good method is desalinating.desalinating.

Desalination is the extraction of fresh Desalination is the extraction of fresh water from salt water. One good method is water from salt water. One good method is the distillation method.the distillation method.

Desalinating is the process in which Desalinating is the process in which freezing water in order to extract fresh water freezing water in order to extract fresh water from salt the first ice crystals are free of salt.from salt the first ice crystals are free of salt.

Words you should knowWords you should know

Continental slopeContinental slope- steep incline at - steep incline at the edge of a continental shelf the edge of a continental shelf

DDTDDT- - DDichloro-ichloro-DDiphenyl-iphenyl-TTrichloroethane, it is one of the best richloroethane, it is one of the best known pesticides. It is a chemical known pesticides. It is a chemical with a long, unique history.with a long, unique history.

QuestionsQuestions What is one of the problems What is one of the problems

for aqua culturists? for aqua culturists? a. pollutiona. pollution b. animals are going extinctb. animals are going extinct How many general How many general

environments is the ocean environments is the ocean divided into? divided into?

a.3a.3 b.2b.2 c.4c.4 d.6d.6 In how many zones is the In how many zones is the

benthic environment benthic environment classified into?classified into?

a. 5a. 5 b. 2b. 2 c. 3c. 3

What are the general What are the general environments?environments?

a. intertidal zone and sub a. intertidal zone and sub littoral zone littoral zone

b. bathyol zone and hadal zoneb. bathyol zone and hadal zone c. benthic and pelagic c. benthic and pelagic

environments environments What is disallation?What is disallation? a. the zone of rapid a. the zone of rapid

temperature changetemperature change b. forms of ocean life that swimb. forms of ocean life that swim c. benthic and pelagic c. benthic and pelagic

environmentenvironment In how many zones in the In how many zones in the

pelagic environment classified pelagic environment classified into?into?

a. 2a. 2 b. 4b. 4 c. 6c. 6