ocean acidification summary for policymakers (2013)
DESCRIPTION
The Ocean Acidification Summary for Policymakers was published in 2013. It summarises key findings from the Ocean in a High CO2 World Symposium, which is sponsored by the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme, the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO and the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research. For more information http://ocean-acidification.net/ Summary for Policymakers http://www.igbp.net/publications/summariesforpolicymakers/summariesforpolicymakers/oceanacidificationsummaryforpolicymakers2013.5.30566fc6142425d6c9111f4.htmlTRANSCRIPT
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Ocean
AcidificationSummary for
Policymakers 2013
International Geosphere-Biosphere
Programme
Intergovernmental Oceanographic
Commission of UNESCO
Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research
Wendy Broadgate, IGBP Deputy Director (2014)
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• 26 % increase in acidity due to CO2
emissions
• Many organisms show adverse effects
(corals, molluscs)
• Some thrive (e.g. seagrasses)
• Ecosystems will change in the future
• There will be socio-economic impacts
and need for adaptation
• Reducing CO2 emissions will reduce
impacts
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pH 1850
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pH 2100
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Aragonite saturation 1850
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Aragonite saturation 2100
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Commercially important organisms
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After Peters et al., 2013
Observed CO2 emissions and
emissions scenarios to 2100
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Confidence levels (IPCC)
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iStockhphoto.com/ermingut
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Atmospheric CO2 and ocean pH
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After Bopp et al., 2013
3.2°–5.4°C
Global
temperature
increase likely
by 2100:
0.9°–2.3°C
Ocean surface pH projections to 2100
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Turley et al., 2006
Rapid ocean acidification
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Jason Hall-Spencer
Winners and losers
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Hot, sour and breathless
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Molluscs
iStockphoto.com/Eduardo Luzzatti
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Coral Reefs
iStockphoto.com/t.light
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Changes in marine ecosystems
iStockphoto.com/Richard Carey
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Calcifying organisms
Ulf Riebesell; GEOMAR
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Marine snails
Steve Ringman
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Fish behaviour
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Nitrogen fixation stimulated
NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/USGS)
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Economic losses
iStockphoto.com/Thomas Bradford
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Economic losses
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Fisheries
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Biogeochemical cycles
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www.ocean-acidification.net
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IGBP, IOC, SCOR (2013). Ocean Acidification Summary for Policymakers – Third Symposium on the
Ocean in a High-CO2 World. International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme, Stockholm, Sweden.
Authors
Wendy Broadgate, IGBP
Ulf Riebesell, Germany
Claire Armstrong, Norway
Peter Brewer, USA
Ken Denman, Canada
Richard Feely, USA
Kunshan Gao, China
Jean-Pierre Gattuso, France
Kirsten Isensee, IOC-UNESCO
Joan Kleypas, USA
Dan Laffoley, UK
James Orr, France
Hans-Otto Pörtner, Germany
Carlos Eduardo de Rezende, Brazil
Daniela Schmidt, UK
Ed Urban, SCOR
Anya Waite, Australia
Luis Valdés, IOC-UNESCO
Wendy Broadgate, IGBP Deputy Director (2014)
www.ocean-acidification.net