obtaining food

18
Obtaining Food Life can be thought of as solar- powered All energy comes from the sun

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Obtaining Food. Life can be thought of as solar- powered All energy comes from the sun. Potential and Kinetic Energy. Kinetic Energy. Potential Energy. Elastic Potential Energy. Gravitation Potential Energy. Chemical Potential Energy. How is all energy divided?. All Energy. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Obtaining Food

Obtaining Food Life can be thought of as solar-

powered All energy comes from the sun

Page 2: Obtaining Food

Potential and Kinetic Energy

Page 3: Obtaining Food

How is all energy divided?

PotentialEnergy

Kinetic

Energy

All Energy

Gravitation

PotentialEnergy

ElasticPotentia

lEnergy

ChemicalPotentialEnergy

Page 4: Obtaining Food

What is Potential Energy?

o Energy that is stored and waiting to be used later

Page 5: Obtaining Food

What is Gravitational Potential Energy?

o Potential energy due to an object’s position

o P.E. = mass x height x

gravity

Don’t look down, Rover!

Good boy!

Page 6: Obtaining Food

What is Elastic Potential Energy?

o Potential energy due compression or expansion of an elastic object.

Notice the ball compressingand expanding

Page 7: Obtaining Food

What is Chemical Potential Energy?

o Potential energy stored within the chemical bonds of an object

Page 8: Obtaining Food

What is Kinetic Energy?o Energy an object has

due to its motiono K.E. = .5(mass x

speed2)

Page 9: Obtaining Food

Autotrophs Greek for “self feeder” (make their

own food) Also called producers Use sunlight and CO2 to make

glucose Called photosynthesis

On land :plants In water: algae

Page 10: Obtaining Food

Heterotrophs Greek for “other

eaters” Must eat

producers for energy

Page 11: Obtaining Food

Harvesting energy in food

We use food to make energy through cellular respiration Use oxygen and sugar to make energy in the

form of ATP

Plants use sunlight to make energy through photosynthesis Use CO2 and water to convert sunlight into

chemical energy The two processes are related!!! We need

plants and plants need us.

Page 12: Obtaining Food

Before the energy can be used, it is first transformed into a form which the organism can handle easily.

This special carrier of energy is the molecule adenosine triphosphate, or ATP.

Page 13: Obtaining Food

Its Structure The ATP molecule is composed of three components.

At the center is a sugar molecule, ribose (the same sugar that forms the basis of RNA).

Page 14: Obtaining Food

Attached to one side of this is a base (a group consisting of linked rings of carbon and nitrogen atoms); in this case the base is adenine.

The other side of the sugar is attached to a string of phosphate groups.

These phosphates are the key to the activity of ATP.

Page 15: Obtaining Food

ATP Made in the _______________________. Adenosine Triphosphate A currency for cells to convert food

into a usable energy source. Think a $100 bill is glucose and ATP

is a $1 bill. It is easiest to use the $1

Page 16: Obtaining Food

Types of energy Energy- the ability

to perform work

Potential – stored energy/ energy of location Chemical energy-

how much work the molecules can do is dependant on how the molecules are arranged.

Carbs, lipids, proteins have structures that make them rich in energy

Page 17: Obtaining Food

Chemical energy is the energy that is available for release in chemical reactions

Page 18: Obtaining Food

Kinetic- energy of motion Thermal energy- random molecular

motion