o pen dy namic s pectum s haring with minimal e nerg y
DESCRIPTION
O pen Dy namic S pectum S haring with minimal E nerg Y. Our Odyssey* towards Cognitive Radio. * 1. An extended adventurous voyage or trip. 2. An intellectual or spiritual quest. A range of technologies for a range of requirements. Many technologies share the same spectrum. 22 MHz. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Open Dynamic Spectum Sharing with minimal EnergY
Our Odyssey* towards
Cognitive Radio
*1. An extended adventurous voyage or trip. 2. An intellectual or spiritual quest.
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A range of technologiesfor a range of requirements
1995 2000 2005 2010
10 kbps 100 kbps 1 Mbps 10 Mbps 100 Mbps 1 Gbps
WIMAX
Low speed/
Stationary
2G(digital)
3GMultimedia
3G+
1G(analog)
Medium speed
802.16e
2.4 GHzWLAN
5 GHzWLAN
High rate WLAN
GSMCDMAone
Bluetooth
60 GHz WPAN
4Gresearch
target
UMTSCDMA2000
High speed GPRS
EDGE
3GPP -LTE+
UWB WPAN
1995 2000 2005 2010
10 kbps 100 kbps 1 Mbps 10 Mbps 100 Mbps 1 Gbps
WIMAX
Low speed/
Stationary
2G(digital)
3GMultimedia
3G+
1G(analog)
Medium speed
802.16e
2.4 GHzWLAN
2.4 GHzWLAN
5 GHzWLAN5 GHzWLAN
High rate WLAN
GSMCDMAone
Bluetooth
60 GHz WPAN
4Gresearch
target
UMTSCDMA2000
High speed GPRS
EDGE
3GPP -LTE+
UWB WPAN
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Many technologies share the same spectrum
2.4 GHz example
5 MHz
Sensors0dBm
2 MHz
2.4 GHz
WLAN~15dBm
22 MHz
2.4 GHz
Bluetooth0dBm
1 MHz
2.4 GHz
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Spectrum Sharing Further Classification in 4 Sub Projects
OdysseySpectrum Sharing
Heterogeneous networks Time/Space/Frequency
Adaptation Capabilites
Pol
icie
s/P
riorit
ies
Only one adapts (asymm)
Het
erog
eneo
us
Cap
abili
ties
Heterogeneous
Policies
PER: 10%
802.15.4 Low load
+802.11
SU should Not harm
PU
PU QoS
SU
QoS
Only SU acts
Both adapt (symm)
Het
erog
eneo
us
Pol
icie
s
Heterogeneous
Capabilities
802.11 Packets per Second
0
50
100
150
200
250
640 320 0
802.15.4 Rate
Packets per Second
802.11 at 1Mbps
802.11 at 5.5MbpsPunishment
802.15.4 High load
+ 802.11
802.11ResourcePlanning
With priorities PU QoS
SU
QoS
PU-SU game
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Capturing context or spectrum information is costly
• Active observations: try out a configuration
trade-off between
exploitation
and
exploration
• Passive observations– Require extra hardware or introduce delay– Energy costly
Requir
ed B
W
Channel Sequence
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Active observations:Gambling for the best channel
PER: 5% PER: 10% PER: 50%
• Just send packets and learn the best performing channel
• No (wrong) model, no (false) assumptions, perfect adaptation to any situation
• If you do not have to obey a policy rule
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Multi-armed bandit theory gives us the optimal strategy
802.15.4 searches it’s best channel in ISM band (11-26)
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Predicting PU idle time
Switching to a channel that will remain idle longerminimizes switching overhead
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Improve channel selection with efficient passive scanning
Measuring interference power by Nyquist sampling is expensive (ADC cost, large amount of data to transfer)
Information is only in the edges: new sampling method that converts analog signals directly into information
ADC
802.15.4 packets
Collision with 1 802.11packet
AIC
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What is the best multichannel MAC design?
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Spatial planningKeep-Out-Region in theory
Fie
ld S
tren
gth
41dBu
F(50,90)
Desired/Undesired:28dB for DTV
Required Sensitivity
F(50,10)
Distance SU from contour
Contour size
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Pathloss trend in reality
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Resulting Spatial Reuse much improved
PU QoS
SU
Qo
SOnly SUacts
Proposed a run-time technique to predict and flood pathloss trends and coverage
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SU sensing requirements as function of SU density
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Spectrum Sharing Further Classification in 4 Sub Projects
OdysseySpectrum Sharing
Heterogeneous networks Time/Space/Frequency
Adaptation Capabilites
Pol
icie
s/P
riorit
ies
Only one adapts (asymm)
Het
erog
eneo
us
Cap
abili
ties
Heterogeneous
Policies
PER: 10%
802.15.4 Low load
+802.11
SU should Not harm
PU
PU QoS
SU
QoS
Only SU acts
Both adapt (symm)
Het
erog
eneo
us
Pol
icie
s
Heterogeneous
Capabilities
802.11 Packets per Second
0
50
100
150
200
250
640 320 0
802.15.4 Rate
Packets per Second
802.11 at 1Mbps
802.11 at 5.5MbpsPunishment
802.15.4 High load
+ 802.11
802.11ResourcePlanning
With priorities PU QoS
SU
QoS
PU-SU game
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Are there scenarios where both 802.15.4 and 802.11 want to adapt
• 802.15.4 harms 802.11 in measurements
802.15.4 onthen 802.11throughput down
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Coexistence approach does not work
802.15.4 is not expected to harm 802.11 because:• 802.15.4 output power is >15dB lower than 802.11• 802.15.4 does a listen-before-send
802.11 packet @ 1Mbps
802.15.4 packet train pausedfor 802.11 transmission:802.15.4 detects 802.11
collision because 802.15.4 sensing resolution is coarse
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PU identification: which PU present on which channels
802.11 at channel 1
802.11 at channel 6 802.15.4
No presence802.11 at
channel 1 and 6
we can identifydifferent PU’s
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SU QoS depends on PU requirements and sensing performance
Can we build a PU-SU game?
PU QoS
SU
Qo
SOnly SUacts
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Open Dynamic Spectrum Sharing with minimal Energy
• Contibutors– UC Berkeley
• Maryam,Youwei, Ian, Carl, Mehdi, Nikhil, Wilson
– IMEC• Michael
– TU Delft• Przemek
– VTT• Marko
– Stanford University• Ali, Bart