Multiple Choice Points of Focus Exam #1.docx

Some multiple-choice points of focus for Exam #1

Chpt 21. What factors affect gene expression?2. Distinguish between phenotype & genotype and between recessive and dominant genes3. What are major principles of natural selection at work in evolution4. Give examples of these principles as evidenced in current species5. Distinguish between personal survival and species survival6. Give examples of the relatedness of all species7. What are possible advantages of there being variability in a species gene pool?8. Three basic needs that must be met for survival and the mechanisms and processes that this requires, according to Coons. What is the involvement of positive and negative feedback?9. Consult the Study Guides list of multiple-choice questions for Chapter 2

Chpr 121. Homeostasis--what is it, whats it function, by what mechanisms is it maintained and how does it express itself in terms of automatic physiological responses and in terms of conscious urges expressed behaviorally?2. Various roles of the hypothalamus in helping maintain homeostasis. Demonstrations of these roles3. The involvement of food intake in energy regulation4. Interactions between internal and external factors in influencing food intake5. Satiety (the termination of a meal)--factors involved6. Regulation of body weight7. Obesity--causes and problems in attempts at overcoming it8. The stages of sleep and the signs associated with each (from Chpt 6)9. Functions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system10. Voodoo death: autonomic and opponent-process factors thought to be involved11. Adaptive value of territories and of dominance hierarchies12. Aggression displays and appeasement gestures--adaptive value?13. Functions of courtship rituals?14. Factors governing the selection of a sexual mate in males and females15. Determinants of and differences in sexual behavior between humans and many other mammals16. Degree of dimorphisms and their relationship to kinds of mating systems17. Testicles and mating systems18. Releasing stimuli in infants that encourage care-taking in parents19. Pro and con the role of drive reduction in reward20. Wanting versus liking21. The dopamine hypothesis of reward and neural systems involved

Chpt 31. The ways of investigating the brain2. Main divisions of the brain3. Major subdivisions of these main divisions4. Functions served by these divisions and subdivisions5. Major regions of the cerebral cortex and their functions6. Projections regions and association regions of the cortex7. Sensory and motor homunculi and the pattern of projections to and from these regions8. The various neurological disorders resulting from damage to the major regions and their parts9. Differences in the functions of the two cerebral hemispheres10. The split-brain operation and effects resulting from it11. The involvement of each part of the neuron in the various aspects of message transmission diagrammed in the handout12. Characteristics of the all-or-none law and the processes contributing to it. Intensity coding, giving that law. 13. The action potential, its function, how its initiated, how it spreads, what goes on in terms of ion gates and ion flow14. The graded potential and its generation at the synapse15. Inferring the synapse--synaptic delay16. Excitation and inhibition: how generated17. Temporal and spatial summation18. Various types of neurotransmitters and their agonists and antagonists19. Withdrawal reflex and the involvement of excitation and inhibition