Literature Review Literature Review

ByBy

Satish S MunnolliSatish S Munnolli

ACTRECACTREC

Vast majority of nurse researchers do not publish

in traditional ‘scientific’ journals and would

probably see themselves as primarily social

scientists

Never start with this !

Literature Review Literature Review

What and why of LR ?What and why of LR ?Type of Information & sources for LR ? Type of Information & sources for LR ? Online sources Online sources Major sources for Nursing ResearchMajor sources for Nursing ResearchTools for maintaining bibliographyTools for maintaining bibliography

What is Literature Review ?What is Literature Review ?

Review of literature is a Review of literature is a broad, broad, comprehensive in depth, systematic and comprehensive in depth, systematic and critical review of scholarly publications, critical review of scholarly publications, including unpublished scholarly print including unpublished scholarly print materials, audiovisuals and personal materials, audiovisuals and personal communicationscommunications. .

Source: Nursing Research, by Basavanthappa, Jaypee, 2007, P Source: Nursing Research, by Basavanthappa, Jaypee, 2007, P

-92-92

Literature Review Literature Review It is important to begin your research with a It is important to begin your research with a

comprehensive search of the literature – that is, comprehensive search of the literature – that is, an an attempt to findattempt to find absolutely absolutely everything that is everything that is related to your topicrelated to your topic. .

It is a standard part of any postgraduate’s It is a standard part of any postgraduate’s endeavors, and usually makes up the majority of endeavors, and usually makes up the majority of your your first year or twofirst year or two..

A good review sets up the landscape that you’re A good review sets up the landscape that you’re going to work within, going to work within, saving you from duplicating saving you from duplicating efforteffort and allowing you and allowing you to identify the key playersto identify the key players in your field. Its’ a head start on the first chunk of in your field. Its’ a head start on the first chunk of your thesis.your thesis.

Why Literature Review ?Why Literature Review ?

To determine how well theory and research are developed in the To determine how well theory and research are developed in the past studiespast studies

To define the concepts To define the concepts Identify studies reported by others Identify studies reported by others To examine research designs, methods, scales, instruments, To examine research designs, methods, scales, instruments,

measures and techniques and analysis used by othersmeasures and techniques and analysis used by others To determine what is known and not known about the subjectTo determine what is known and not known about the subject To generate useful research questions for the disciplineTo generate useful research questions for the discipline Understand the existing literature and how it relates Understand the existing literature and how it relates

/supports/contradicts your topic /supports/contradicts your topic Place and justify your research within the discipline/sPlace and justify your research within the discipline/s Identify guidelines to use in writing the research reportIdentify guidelines to use in writing the research report

The process of Literature Review The process of Literature Review

Type of Information & sourcesType of Information & sources

Theoretical or conceptual Theoretical or conceptual - concept analysis, models, theories – books - concept analysis, models, theories – books

Empirical Empirical - knowledge derived from research – journals, - knowledge derived from research – journals,

thesis, dissertations. thesis, dissertations.

Where to find nursing literature Where to find nursing literature

Search the web (not always Search the web (not always recommended)recommended)

Search your personal collection Search your personal collection (inefficient, incomplete)(inefficient, incomplete)

Search library resources (mysterious)Search library resources (mysterious)

Where to find nursing literature ?Where to find nursing literature ?

Search the web (not always Search the web (not always recommended)recommended)

Search your personal collection Search your personal collection (inefficient, incomplete)(inefficient, incomplete)

Search library resources (mysterious)Search library resources (mysterious)

Where is the information ?Where is the information ?

Information is available inInformation is available in

Unsystematically some is on the WebUnsystematically some is on the Web Systematically aggregated - in LibrariesSystematically aggregated - in Libraries Systematically accessed - by information Systematically accessed - by information

databasesdatabases

Information is available inInformation is available in

Unsystematically some is on the WebUnsystematically some is on the Web Systematically aggregated - in LibrariesSystematically aggregated - in Libraries Systematically accessed - by information Systematically accessed - by information

databasesdatabases

Which are the sources ?Which are the sources ?

Sources for Literature ReviewSources for Literature Review Journals Journals BooksBooks Thesis Thesis Abstracts Abstracts IndexesIndexes EncyclopediasEncyclopedias ReportsReports Conference proceedingsConference proceedings Maps Maps Newspapers Newspapers Government legislationsGovernment legislations Internet resources and sites Internet resources and sites StatisticsStatistics HandbooksHandbooks EncyclopediasEncyclopedias

Favorite databases for nursing Favorite databases for nursing literatureliterature

Medline/PubMedMedline/PubMed

HighWire PressHighWire Press

Google ScholarGoogle Scholar

ScienceDirectScienceDirect

CINAHLCINAHL

Mosby’s Nursing IndexMosby’s Nursing Index

Health Source/NursingHealth Source/Nursing

PsycINFOPsycINFO

Health Reference CenterHealth Reference Center

PubMedPubMed

HighWire PressHighWire Press

Google ScholarGoogle Scholar

ScienceDirectScienceDirect

CINAHLCINAHL

Mosby’s Nursing IndexMosby’s Nursing Index

PsycINFOPsycINFO

Create a structured query Create a structured query The type of patient you are studyingThe type of patient you are studying Condition or situation your working in Condition or situation your working in Type of intervention or nursing procedureType of intervention or nursing procedure How many years you want to go back for literature How many years you want to go back for literature

searchsearch LanguageLanguage Geographical specificityGeographical specificity Research articlesResearch articles Review articlesReview articles CommentariesCommentaries Case studies Case studies

A sample queryA sample query

Statistical methods for nursing research

Statistical methodsNursing research

Let us search Google Scholar and PubMed

Search results in GoogleSearch results in Google

Search results in Google using Search results in Google using ““apostropheapostrophe””

Search results in Google ScholarSearch results in Google Scholar

Advanced Scholar SearchAdvanced Scholar Search

Search results in PubMedSearch results in PubMed

Search results in PubMed by using Search results in PubMed by using MeSH databaseMeSH database

A sample of literature reviewA sample of literature review

A sample of literature reviewA sample of literature review

Tools for managing bibliographyTools for managing bibliography

EndNoteEndNoteProCiteProCiteReference ManagerReference Manager

Techniques to identify most Techniques to identify most relevant Literaturerelevant Literature

11stst page page gives most relevant results gives most relevant results ‘‘Related articlesRelated articles’ appeared next to records’ appeared next to recordsReferencesReferences at the bottom of any relevant at the bottom of any relevant

research paper gives good number of research paper gives good number of articlesarticles

Further Reading Further Reading The literature ReviewThe literature Review

URL:http://www.deakin.edu.au/library/findout/research/litrev.phpURL:http://www.deakin.edu.au/library/findout/research/litrev.php

Review of literatureReview of literatureURL:http://www.wisc.edu/writing/Handbook/ReviewofLiterature.htmlURL:http://www.wisc.edu/writing/Handbook/ReviewofLiterature.html

The Literature Review: Few Tips On Conducting ItThe Literature Review: Few Tips On Conducting ItURL:http://www.utoronto.ca/writing/litrev.htmlURL:http://www.utoronto.ca/writing/litrev.html

Using The Literature ReviewUsing The Literature Review URL:http://www.languages.ait.ac.th/EL21LIT.HTM URL:http://www.languages.ait.ac.th/EL21LIT.HTM

Writing Writing LiteratureLiterature Review ReviewURL:http://www.monash.edu.au/lls/llonline/writing/general/lit-reviews/index.xmlURL:http://www.monash.edu.au/lls/llonline/writing/general/lit-reviews/index.xml

Conducting a Literature ReviewConducting a Literature ReviewURL:http://www.lib.unimelb.edu.au/postgrad/litreview/gettingstarted.htmlURL:http://www.lib.unimelb.edu.au/postgrad/litreview/gettingstarted.html

WRITING RESEARCH THESES OR DISSERTATIONSWRITING RESEARCH THESES OR DISSERTATIONSURL:http://lorien.ncl.ac.uk/ming/Dept/Tips/writing/thesis/thesis-review.htmURL:http://lorien.ncl.ac.uk/ming/Dept/Tips/writing/thesis/thesis-review.htm

How to write a literature review How to write a literature review URL:http://www.ssdd.uce.ac.uk/learner/New%20page.htmURL:http://www.ssdd.uce.ac.uk/learner/New%20page.htm

The Literature ReviewThe Literature ReviewURL:http://www.usq.edu.au/library/help/postgrad/litreview.htmURL:http://www.usq.edu.au/library/help/postgrad/litreview.htm

Thank QThank Q