Nursing as an Art, Nursing as an Art, Science & Science & ProfessionProfession

ByBy

B. Sunil S De Silva B. Sunil S De Silva RN, BScN, MScN (Res)RN, BScN, MScN (Res)

Dpt. of Health Sciences,Dpt. of Health Sciences,The Open University of Sri Lanka.The Open University of Sri Lanka.

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ObjectivesObjectives

• Discuss what is art & science of nursing.

• Explain the general criteria for professions.

• Discuss the importance of nursing associations.

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Nursing as an ‘Art’Nursing as an ‘Art’• Oldest of the art & youngest of the

sciences.

• Originally nursing was only considered as ‘art’.

– Called ‘born nurses’ (natural / untaught).

• Art improved by practice.

• Need little education as nurses only carry out doctors orders.

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Nursing as a ‘Science’Nursing as a ‘Science’• Gradually, as the body of scientific knowledge

grew, nurses aware of the basic principles for practice.

• These principles summarized as ‘procedures’ but never tested.

• Nursing borrowed its ‘science’ from other disciplines.

• What was unique to nursing? – Leeds to develop nursing theories by nursing scholars.

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The Art & Science of NursingThe Art & Science of Nursing

• Nursing scholars has already proved the art & science of nursing.

– The art has long been accepted.

– The science has been recognized recently.

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Nursing as a ProfessionNursing as a Profession

• Do you think nursing is a profession?

• Should nursing be considered as a profession?

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General Criteria for ProfessionGeneral Criteria for Profession• A body of knowledge on which skills &

services are based.

• Deliver unique service to other humans.

• Colleges & University based education.

• Control of standards for practice.

• Responsibility & accountability of members their own actions.

• Career commitment by members.

• Independent function.

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A Body of KnowledgeA Body of Knowledge

• Knowledge from other disciplines.

• Develop own body of knowledge & its own theories.

• Both used for the practice of nursing.

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Unique Service to other HumansUnique Service to other Humans

• Virginia Henderson’s Definition of Nursing was confirmed this status.

• Person-centered practice.

• Nursing delivers a unique service to the society.

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University Based EducationUniversity Based Education

• Present trend of promoting University based education internationally as well as locally.

• BScN will be the basic qualification to enter to Nursing Profession.

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Control of Standards for PracticeControl of Standards for Practice• A ‘standard’ is an authoritative or

criterion to judge ‘Quality of practice’

• Developed by Professional Nursing Organizations. E.g.; certified / licensed / registered.

• To get ‘licensed’ or ‘registered’ as a nurse, they need to meet the standards of professional organization.

E.g.; ANA, CNA, ICN.

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Responsibility & AccountabilityResponsibility & Accountability• Accountability means assuming

responsibility for your actions & accepting the end results of your behaviour.

• A code of ethics essentials to a profession

• Need to accountable;– Patient– Health care colleagues– Hospital or your field– Yourself.

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Career CommitmentCareer Commitment• A Career is major life work, a long-term

commitment, involves long term planning and requires long training or education.

• Is nursing a career?– More women.– No intention of continuing work or

education.

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Independent FunctionIndependent Function• Dependent

– Carried out the orders of the doctors

• Independent– Nurse initiates a/c own knowledge & skills

• Collaborative– Activities performed either jointly or a

result of joint decision.

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Additional CriteriaAdditional Criteria

• An active and solid professional organization.

• Recognized social worth and contribution.

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• Can we conclude that nursing is a profession?

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The End

Nursing as an Art, Science and Profession