NUCLEUS OF TRIGEMINAL NERVEBy Julius King KwedhiMedical Student, 4th YearNeurologyПМГУ и.м. И.М. СЕЧЕНОВ

NUCLEUS

1. Nucleus Motorius Nervi Trigemini2. Nucleus Mesencephalicus (Tractus

mesencephalicus N. Trigemini)

3. Nucleus Pontinus (Nucleus Principalis Nervi Trigemini ) – For touch, temp, pain

4. Nucleus Spinalis N. Trigemini – For touch, temp, pain

A Mixed Cranial Nerve (SM)

1. Motor Nucleus Nucleus Motorius N. Trigemini

2. Sensory Nucleus Nucleus Mesencephalicus Nucleus Principalis N. Trigemini Nucleus Spinalis N. Trigemini

Sensory nucleus of N. Trigemini form the Ganglion Trigeminale in cavum trigeminale

Location of Nuclei

1. Brain: on dorsal part of pons, between pons and pedunculus cerebellaris media

2. Subarachnoid space: Sinus pontocerebellaris

3. Dura mater: In sinus cavernosus, in cavum trigeminale

4. In spinal cord (nucleus spinalis nervi trigemini)

Location of Nuclei

Nuclei of trigeminal nerve: in brainstem and upper part of  spinal cord. Mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve: in lateral region of

periaqueductal grey matter in the midbrain. Contains the first neurons responsible for proprioception of: the jaw and intraocular muscles,  temporomandibular joints, teeth and upper and lower jaw.

Principal nucleus of trigeminal nerve: in dorsolateral pontine tegmentum. Main task is the tactile sensation.

Spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve: a long sensory nucleus stretching from the pons down into the upper 3 segments of spinal cord's dorsal horn. Primarily concern is the pain and temperature sensation.

Trigeminal Nuclei

1 motor radix and 1 sensory radix leave the brain at transition of pons into medial cerebellar peduncles

The motor root adjoins trigeminal ganglion from beneath and takes part in the 3rd branch (N. Mandibularis) of nervus trigeminus.

The motor root formed by processes of nervus motorius nervi trigemini

In dorsal part of pons Innervates somatic muscles of head & brain

Motor Neuron Adjoins Trig. Ganglion

Sensory Nuclei

1. Axons lie in the trunk of cerebrum, passing to the opposite side and proceed to nerve cells of thalamus which later relay to the lateral side of cortex

2. Peripheral processes of neuron lies within trigeminal nerve & end as receptors in skin & mucous membrane of head

3. Sensory roots form the pseudounipolar cells of the trigeminal ganglion

4. Ganglion trigeminale lies in the impressio trigeminale, on the anterior surface of temporal bone pyramid

Ganglion Trigeminale

1. Lies in Impressio Trigemini2. At sinus of dura mater, covered by dura

mater in cavum trigeminale

Trigeminal Nuclei Innervation

1. Skin of the face2. Mucosal tunic and sinuses of nose3. Oral cavity4. Anterior 2/3rd of the tongue5. Teeth6. Masseteric Muscle7. Muscle of floor of the oral cavity

Mylohyoid muscle Anterior belly of digastricus muslce

8. Tensor tympani9. Soft palate

The End!

Thank you for your

undivided attention!