nuclear structure and reactions @in2p3 selected higlights
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Nuclear structure and reactions @IN2P3 Selected Higlights. Shell evolution and nuclear interactions Reactions with weakly bound nuclei Nuclear Astrophysics Heavy and SHE Nuclear symetries Fundamental interactions Nuclear collisions / phase transition. Shell evolutions and NN interactions. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Nuclear structure and reactions @IN2P3Selected Higlights
Shell evolution and nuclear interactions
Reactions with weakly bound nuclei
Nuclear Astrophysics
Heavy and SHE
Nuclear symetries
Fundamental interactions
Nuclear collisions / phase transition
Shell evolutions and NN interactions
• Disappearence of the N=28 shell closure
• N~16 shell gap and the location of continuum
• Neutron proton interactions in 92Pd
• Two proton radioactivity
• Physics/status @ ALTO
5 Physical Review Letters, 1 Physical Review C 1 TOP 1% , 1 TOP 10% most quoted papers
Ca
SSi
42Si
-Progressive collapse of N=28 shell closure: E(2+)
42Si
44S
N=28N=20
Collapse of the N=28 shell closure
Ca, Z=20 48Ca
34Si
S, Z=16
Si, Z=14
36S
40Ca
46Ar 48Ar44Ar
43S
-Use of complementary experimental techniques(transfer, in-beam, isomer decay, coulex, deep inelastic)
-Various structures observed (triaxial, prolate, coexistence)-Interpret this in term of nuclear forces (spin orbit, tensor)
Ee- (keV)
1365 keV
e+ e-
e- conv0+
2 0+1
44S
(GANIL, IPNO, LPC Caen, IPHC Strasb)
UK labs + IPN Orsay, GANIL, LPC Caen from IN2P3
Evolution of shell gaps using (d,p) and (d,t) with 20O and 26Ne beams at SPIRALTIARA-MUST2-EXOGAM-VAMOS COLLABORATION
Position sensitive Si Barrel Hyball annular detectors 4 MUST2
SPIRAL1 beams
Exogam
-5
0
5
5
Th
. Neu
tron
SP
E (
MeV
)
10 15 20Neutron Number
14
16d5/2
s1/2
d3/2
d5d5
d3d3
O
s1s1
fp states ?
8
(d,p)
(d,t)20O
Energy [MeV]
3/2+
(3/2+)Prelim
inary
B. Fern
andez
Sn
Location of theunbound d3/2 orbit
• EXOGAM: 11 Clovers with partial shield. ~ 10% for E=1.3 MeV
The Neutron Wall: 50 liquid scintillator detectors. 1n ~ 23%
DIAMANT: 80 CsI(Tl) dets. p or ~ 66%
92Pd spectroscopy using EXOGAM-Nwall-DIAMANT
92Pd:A new spin aligned np coupling schemeB. Cederkall et al. Nature (2010)
92Pd92Pd, exp. 96Pd exp
0+ 0+
(2+ )
(4+ )
(6+ )
2+
4+
6+8+
0
874
1786
2536
0
1415
2099
2530
J=9
Pd4646
92
J=9
J=9 J=9
J=0J=0
Pd5046
96
Spin-aligned pairing Normal pairing
G. De France, GANIL co-spokesperson
• Angular and energy distributions agree with Grigorenko model 3 body decay
ExperimentTheory
Experiment
Theory
angle
Collaboration IN2P3: CENBG, GANIL
Two proton radioactivity: 45Fe, 54Zn
Identification of the heavy ions
Drift of the ionizationelectrons
Heavy ion
Protons
Y
X
Z
45Fe (2p)
CENBG TPC
Future plans @ GSI
ALTO @ OrsayProduction of 5. 1011 f/s by photofission of 238UCx 3 dedicated lines : BEDO (beta-decay), SPECOLOR (colinear spectroscopy) and POLAREX (polarized states)
Laser ion source already in operation for Ga and Cu
BEDO
Specolor
Achievements published so far: Beta-decay spectroscopy of N~50 nuclei (D. Verney IPNO)
increase of intensity coming soon
Reactions with weakly bound nuclei
• Fusion with 6,8He
• Nuclear break up with 6He
Neutron correlations, quantum tunneling in weakly bound nuclei
6Hen
n
8Hen
n
6He+65Cu reaction -> , neutronsEnhancement of pair transferFavour a di-neutron configuration
Neutron transfer dominates Fusion of 8He comparable to 6He !
Di-neutron config. also in Nuclear break-up of 6He (Assié, Scarpaci IPNO, D. Lacroix GANIL)
PRL 103, 232701 (2009) Lemasson, Alahari et al.
Chatterjee, Navin et al.PRL 101, 032701 (2008)
Nuclear astrophysics
• Study of 13C(,n) for AGB stars • Study of 18F destruction in novae• Study of 60Fe destruction in supernovae
• Incompressibility of nuclear matter with N/Z ratio
• 60Fe cosmic ray emittor possibly detected by INTEGRALDestroyed mainly by 60Fe(n,)61Fe reaction
Studied by 60Fe(d,p)61Fe at GANIL
E*
Np 61Fe
S. Giron, F. Hammache, N. de Séréville preliminary
Drotleff 93 Brune 93
Orsay 3/2+
Gamow peak
1/2+
M.G. Pellegriti, F. Hammache et al. PRC 70 (2008) 042801
13C(,n)16O source of neutrons for s process in AGB stars
Studied at Orsay TANDEM using 13C(7Li,t)17O
Nuclear AstrophysicsCollaboration IPNO/CSNSM/GANIL
½+
18F(p,)19Ne
JC Dalouzy, de Oliveira et al. PRL 102 (2009) 162503new
• 18F main source of radiation in novaeDestroyed mainly by 18F(p,)19Ne reaction
Studied by 19Ne(p,p’)18F(p) at LLN
Isospin dependence of the nuclear matter incompressibilityStudy of giant monopole mode in 56Ni and 68Ni
56Ni (5.104pps) @50A.MeVInteraction with d gas in MAYA
C. Monrozeau, E. Khan (IPN Orsay) Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 042501 (2008)
Linked to nuclear matter incompressibility K∞
Determine its value while increasing isospin value…
L=2
L=0
E*= 13-15MeV
E*= 21-23MeV
dd
[mb/sr]
CM (deg)
Heavy and superheavy elements
• Study of Nb, Fm nuclei
• The cluster structure of 212Po
• Probing Z=120 ‘stability’ from fission times
256Rf
253No246Fm
Spectroscopy of SHE
J. Piot (CSNSM) et al
246Fm
253No,256Rf: K isomers @ Dubna, ANL 246Fm,254No: Fission barrier and dynamics @ JYFL, ANLCSNSM Orsay, IPHC Strasb from IN2P3
Manifestation of clustering in 212Po
A. Astier et al. PRL 104 (2010)042701
Enhanced E1 transitions interpreted as oscillatory motion of the -core distance in 208Pb
35°
148°
Doppler shifted linesTE1< 1ps stopping time
Collab: CSNSM, IPNO VIVITRON + EUROGAM
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8(deg)
Nor
mal
ized
Yie
ld
Fusion-Fission
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.20
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.20
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
U sequential fission+ ……..
Quasi-elastic (target)
min 0.2 treac > 10-18 s
Blocking technique: evidence for long times at Z=120
treac < tmin(thermal vibrations) min 0.1 tmin 10-18 s INDRA, Collab: IPNO, GANIL, IPNL
Lifetime of SHE nucleus (Z=120) from X rays detection
D. Jacquet (IPNO), M. Morjean (GANIL) et al.
PRELIMINARY
X rays from Z=120 seems to be observedWould be compatible with ‘long’ fission times > 10-18s
Highest Z values come from fissionof compound Z=120 nucleus
Symmetries in nuclei
• Phase transition in A~100 nuclei
• Tetrahedral shapes
Mass measurements of 96,97Kr @ ISOLDE
Critical-Point Boundary for the Nuclear Quantum Phase transition near A=100
S. Naimi, G. Audi (CSNSM) et al. PRL 105 (2010) 032502
No deformation evidenced around A=100 in Kr chain !
Search for Tetrahedral shapes
Huge gaps for tetrahedral configurations
Possible signatures : hindered inter-band E2 transitions and Q0~0
Experimental program JYVL, Orsay, LNL,ANL, ILL
Collaboration TetraNuc IN2P3 : IPHC Strasbourg, IPN Lyon, CSNSM Orsay, IPN Orsay
Hindered E2 in one band-head of 156Gd
Independent Q0 measurement planned…
Fundamental interactionsSuperallowed Fermi interactions: 0+ 0+ β decay between isobaric analogs
CVC hypothesis: Universal weak-vector coupling
Need T1/2, BR, Q
Gamow Teller transitions in mirror systems 29P, 31S : T1/2 - Jyväskylä – 200939Ca : T1/2 – ISOLDE - EPJ A44, 363 (2010)
Perspectives : T1/2, BR - 15O, 21Na, 39Ca @ SPIRAL,23Mg, 31S, 41Sc @DESIR, Jyväskylä or ISOLDE
38Ca : T1/2, BR – LISE/GANIL - 2009 30S : T1/2 – Jyväskylä, Accepted in EPJ A38Ca : T1/2 – ISOLDE - EPJ A44, 363 (2010) 42Ti : T1/2, BR, Q – Jyväskylä, PRC 80, 035502 (2009)26Si : T1/2 – Jyväskylä, EPJ A38, 247 (2008)62Ga : T1/2, BR, Q – Jyväskylä, GSI – 3 publications
Perspectives : T1/2, BR – 14O, 18Ne, 34Ar @ SPIRAL 26Si, 30S, 38Ca, 42Ti @ LISE and Jyväskylä 62Ga, 66As, 70Br, 74Rb, 78Y, 82Nb, 86Tc, 90Rh, 94As, 98In @DESIR
Collabs IN2P3: CENBG, GANIL
Nuclear collisions / phase transitions
-Isospin dependence of symmetry energy
- Production of superheavy nuclei
Modeling of multinucleon transfer
Shell effects in SHE by means of fission times
Modelling fusion and fission
Experimental study of fission of transuraniumFundamental + applied (VAMOS Gedepeon, Euratom)
Phase transition in nuclear matter Bimodality of fragment distribE. Bonnet et al. PRL 105 (2010) 142701
Collabs: GANIL, IPNO, IPNLINDRA detector
G. Lehaut et al. PRL 104 (2010) 232701
Some ConclusionsIN2P3 physicists:
- Involved in different valuable items of nuclear structure and reactions-Have significant impact in the collaborations -Use various detectors and accelerators (GANIL amounts to about 50%)-Deeply involved in future projects (AGATA, S3, FAZIA, PARIS)
AGATA
B(E2) transitions in 74Znusing plunger method
Proposal: IRFU
This was not a fully inclusive presentation !
Below Fermi energy: stopping (isotropy)
decreases
Study of nuclear stopping in central collisions
INDRA and ALADIN collaborations (G. Lehaut et al.),Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 232701 (2010)
Stopping systematics for central collisions of symmetric systems INDRA@GANIL,GSI
Isotropy/Stopping
Above Fermi energy: stopping depends on
system size
MEAN FIELD IN-MEDIUM NUCLEON-NUCLEON
COLLISIONS
18F main source of radiation in novaeDestroyed mainly by 18F(p,)19Ne reactionUse 19Ne(p,p’)18F(p) at LLN
Broad resonancein 19Ne
Proton energy distribution
A broad resonance influencing the 18F destruction in novae
½+
18F(p,)19Ne
Dalouzy et al. PRL 102 (2009) 162503
T1/2 = 0,09 s
T1/2 = 0,9 s
84Ga
84Ge 83Ge
624,3
242,4100
306,5
84As83As
1046 247,
7
N=48
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.40
N=50
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.40
N=52
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.40
N=54
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.40
D1S Gogny HFB calculation GCM Bohr dynamics
2+
(4+)
VAMOS
20O(d,t)19O
MUST2
(a)
(c)
20O(d,p)21O (b)
Et (
MeV
)
1
2
3
4
5
2
4
6
8
Ed (M
eV)
E*=1.2 MeV
g.s.
40 60 80 100 120 140 160
10 20 30 40
2
3
4
5
E (
MeV
)
1
Angle (deg)
2.4 2.62.2 2.3 2.5
A/Q
20O(d,pn)20O
Angle (deg)
Energy [MeV]
3/2+
(3/2+)Prelim
inary
B. Fern
andez
Collab: IPHC, IPNO, IPNL,